Epidemiology of heart failure presentations to United States emergency departments from 2016 to 2023.

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a common condition prompting presentation to the Emergency Department (ED) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, there is limited recent large-scale, robust data available on the admission rates, evaluation, and treatment of HF in the ED setting.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of ED presentations for HF from 1/1/2016 to 12/31/2023 using the Epic Cosmos database.

Referral Sources Across Racial and Ethnic Groups at Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers.

Background: Despite the need to increase engagement of underrepresented groups (URG) in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) studies, enrollment remains low.

Objective: Compare referral sources across racial and ethnic groups among participants enrolled in ADRC studies.

Methods: Data for this cross-sectional secondary analysis were extracted from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set.

Oral motor interventions used to support the development of oral feeding skills in preterm infants: An integrative review.

Background: One criterion for infant NICU discharge is the ability to meet all nutritional needs by mouth, therefore, it is important to understand interventions that can improve the trajectory to full oral feeding. While many oral motor and feeding interventions are used in clinical practice, it remains unclear which are supported by the literature.

Aim: The aim of this integrative review was to identify and understand what oral motor interventions are defined in the literature to support positive outcomes for preterm infants and their parents.

Major Publications in the Critical Care Pharmacotherapy Literature: 2023.

Objectives: We aimed to summarize the most significant and impactful publications describing the pharmacotherapeutic care of critically ill patients in 2023.

Data Sources: PubMed/MEDLINE and the Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Pharmacotherapy Literature Update.

Study Selection: Randomized controlled trials and prospective studies of adult critically ill patients assessing a pharmacotherapeutic intervention and reporting clinical endpoints published between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2023, were eligible for inclusion in this article.

Prediction of Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriages Using Thromboelastography.

Objective: This study investigates the thromboelastography (TEG) changes in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) to identify effective diagnostic markers for URSA.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 160 URSA patients from the Gynecology Department of the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang (June 2017 - June 2020) and compared them with 190 healthy, fertile women without adverse pregnancy histories (control group). TEG parameters were assessed using logistic regression, applying stepwise selection for model optimization.

Differences in Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration by Migration History in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

To estimate differences in breastfeeding initiation and duration across dimensions of migration history (migration to the U.S. 50 states/District of Columbia [DC] in childhood, adulthood, or not at all) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

Conduction system pacing compared with biventricular pacing for cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure and mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: Results from International Collaborative LBBAP Study (I-CLAS) Group.

Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a guideline-recommended therapy in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF, 36%-50%) and left bundle branch block or indication for ventricular pacing. Conduction system pacing (CSP) using left bundle branch area pacing or His bundle pacing has been shown to be a safe and physiologic alternative to biventricular pacing (BVP).

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes between BVP and CSP for patients with HFmrEF undergoing CRT.

Mobility Abilities Mediate the Association of a More Active Lifestyle With Mobility Disability in Older Adults.

Background: Few studies have analyzed sensor-derived metrics of mobility abilities and total daily physical activity (TDPA). We tested whether sensor-derived mobility metrics and TDPA indices are independently associated with mobility disabilities.

Methods: This cohort study derived mobility abilities from a belt-worn sensor that recorded annual supervised gait testing.

Minimally Invasive Therapies for Knee Osteoarthritis.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by articular cartilage degeneration and chronic inflammation, affecting one in five people over 40 years old. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of traditional and novel minimally invasive treatment options and role of artificial intelligence (AI) to streamline the diagnostic process of KOA. This literature review provides insights into the mechanisms of action, efficacy, complications, technical approaches, and recommendations to intra-articular injections (corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid, and plate rich plasma), genicular artery embolization (GAE), and genicular nerve ablation (GNA).

CD33 and SHP-1/ Interaction in Alzheimer's Disease.

Large-scale genetic studies have identified numerous genetic risk factors that suggest a central role for innate immune cells in susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD). CD33, an immunomodulatory transmembrane sialic acid binding protein expressed on myeloid cells, was identified as one such genetic risk factor associated with Alzheimer's disease. Several studies explored the molecular outcomes of genetic variation at the locus.

Common variants increase risk for congenital diaphragmatic hernia within the context of de novo variants.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe congenital anomaly often accompanied by other structural anomalies and/or neurobehavioral manifestations. Rare de novo protein-coding variants and copy-number variations contribute to CDH in the population. However, most individuals with CDH remain genetically undiagnosed.

Landscape of exosomes to modified exosomes: a state of the art in cancer therapy.

Exosomes are a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that naturally originate from endosomes. They play a significant role in cellular communication. Tumor-secreted exosomes play a crucial role in cancer development and significantly contribute to tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and metastasis by intracellular communication.

Aerobic Exercise, Training Dose, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Effects and Relationships with Resting Plasma Neurotrophic Factors in Alzheimer's Dementia.

Background: Vascular health is increasingly recognized for its roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study was to investigate effects of exercise training, dose, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on neurotrophic factors in community-dwelling, older adults with mild-to-moderate AD dementia.

Methods: This was a pilot blood ancillary study of the FIT-AD trial.

"It's not a one-person show" E-learning course in neuropalliative care: A qualitative analysis of participants' educational gains and self-reported outcomes.

Objectives: Patients with progressive neurologic illness still lack access to quality palliative care services. Barriers to the comprehensive provision of neuropalliative care include gaps in palliative care education. To address this barrier, a novel international model of neuropalliative care education e-learning program was launched in 2022.

Resuscitative Ultrasound and Protocols.

The management of patients in shock or arrest is a critical aspect of emergency medicine and critical care. Rapid and accurate assessment is paramount in determining the underlying causes and initiating timely interventions. This article provides a summary of essential ultrasound protocols for the critically ill patient including the extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma (EFAST), rapid ultrasound for shock and hypotension (RUSH), and sonography in hypotension and cardiac arrest in the emergency department (SHoC-ED).

Carbonated Beverage, Fruit Drink, and Water Consumption and Risk of Acute Stroke: the INTERSTROKE Case-Control Study.

Background And Purpose: Cold beverage intake (carbonated drinks, fruit juice/drinks, and water) may be important population-level exposures relevant to stroke risk and prevention. We sought to explore the association between intake of these beverages and stroke.

Methods: INTERSTROKE is an international matched case-control study of first stroke.

Educator's blueprint: Key considerations for using social media in survey-based medical education research.

In this paper, we present a set of recommendations for using social media as a tool for participant recruitment in survey-based medical education research. Drawing from a limited but growing body of literature, we discuss the opportunities and challenges inherent to social media recruitment. This article builds on the authors' previous educator's blueprints about survey design and administration.

Comparative Evaluation of AI Models Such as ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4.0, and Google Gemini in Neuroradiology Diagnostics.

Aims And Objective: Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT (versions 3.5 and 4.0) and Google Gemini, are transforming healthcare.

Long COVID Illness: Disparities in Understanding and Receipt of Care in Emergency Department Populations.

Study Objective: Most long coronavirus disease (long COVID) studies rely on traditional surveillance methods that miss underserved populations who use emergency departments (EDs) as their primary health care source. In medically underserved ED populations, we sought to determine (1) whether there are gaps in awareness and self-declared understanding about long COVID illness, and (2) the prevalence, impact on school/work attendance, and receipt of care for long COVID symptoms.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, convenience sample survey study of adult patients at 11 geographically representative US EDs from December 2022 to October 2023.