Religious and Spiritual Experiences, Discrimination, and Stress Among Midlife Women in the USA: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

The harmful effects of perceived discrimination for physical and mental health are well documented. Evidence identifies how dimensions of religious/spiritual (R/S) involvement may reduce these harmful effects. This study examined how R/S experiences are associated with the effects of discrimination on perceived stress.

Demographic Disparities and Outcomes Following Hip Arthroscopy: Exploring the Impact of Social Determinants of Health in Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of social deprivation on preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes following hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).

Methods: Patients undergoing primary HA for FAIS were identified, and their social deprivation index (SDI) score was assigned on the basis of the provided ZIP code. Quartiles (Q1 to Q4) were established using national percentiles, with Q4 representing patients from the areas of greatest deprivation.

miR-449, identified through antiandrogen exposure, mitigates functional biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer risk.

The involvement of the androgen receptor (AR) pathway in developing epithelial ovarian cancer is increasingly acknowledged. However, the specific mechanisms by which anti-androgen agents, such as flutamide, may prevent ovarian cancer and their efficacy remain unknown. This study was initiated by investigating the impact of flutamide on miRNA expression in women at high risk (HR) for ovarian cancer.

Shaping the Future of Infectious Diseases: The Journey to Promote Value, Opportunity, and Positive Messaging.

The field of infectious diseases (ID) offers a rewarding career path and is widely viewed as an essential subspecialty in medicine. However, in recent years, these positive aspects have been overshadowed by concerns surrounding low fellowship match rates, undercompensation, and burnout. The Infectious Diseases Society of America Fellowship Training Program Directors Committee met in 2023, discussed the future of ID as a specialty, and sought to develop strategies to highlight the value and opportunities of ID for future generations, as well as underscore the importance of and provide tools for positive messaging to trainees about the subspecialty.

Not So Patient Friendly: Patient Education Materials in Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Fall Short of Nationally Recommended Readability Benchmarks in the United States.

Objective: Patient education materials (PEMs) can help promote health literacy (HL) among patients. However, their use depends on how easily patients can read and comprehend the information. Several national organizations recommend that text be written at a sixth- to eighth-grade level.

The factor structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in stroke: A comparison with a non-stroke population.

Background: It is unclear if certain post-stroke somatic symptoms load onto items of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a self-report depression questionnaire. We investigated these concerns in a stroke sample using factor analysis, benchmarked against a non-stroke comparison group.

Methods: The secondary dataset constituted 787 stroke and 12,016 non-stroke participants.

Correlation of cross-linking as measured by the trans-vinylene index and in vitro wear of polyethylene from various acetabular liner brands.

Aims: Highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) greatly reduces wear in total hip arthroplasty, compared to conventional polyethylene (CPE). Cross-linking is commonly achieved by irradiation. This study aimed to compare the degree of cross-linking and in vitro wear rates across a cohort of retrieved and unused polyethylene cups/liners from various brands.

Improving Early Detection of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults in Primary Care Clinics: Recommendations From an Interdisciplinary Geriatrics Summit.

As the population ages, the prevalence of cognitive impairment due to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD) is expected to double in the United States to nearly 14 million over the next 40 years. AD and related dementias (ADRD) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and among the costliest to society. Although emerging biomedical interventions for ADRD focus on early stages and are currently limited to AD, care management can benefit patients with ADRD across the disease course.

Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Demonstrates a Distinct Autoantibody Profile from Those of Other Autoimmune Blistering Diseases: A Preliminary Study.

: Ocular predominant mucous membrane pemphigoid (oMMP) is a severe subtype of autoimmune blistering disease (AIBD), which can result in scarring and vision loss. The diagnosis of oMMP is challenging as patients often have undetectable levels of circulating autoantibodies by conventional assays. Likewise, the principal autoantigen in oMMP has been an area of debate.

Parent-Reported Outcome Measures for Individuals with Fragile X Syndrome: Clinically Meaningful Change Thresholds.

Estimating meaningful change thresholds (MCT) on clinical outcome assessments is an important consideration when evaluating treatments. In fragile X syndrome (FXS) research, there has been no consensus on how to define MCT's on several commonly used outcome measures. The purpose of the current study was to determine clinically relevant MCT's of caregiver-rated assessments using data from a phase 3 clinical trials of arbaclofen (Berry-Kravis et al.

Polystyrene microplastics induced spermatogenesis disorder via disrupting mitochondrial function through the regulation of the Sirt1-Pgc1α signaling pathway in male mice.

Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as hazardous substances, eliciting widespread concern regarding their potential toxicity. Although our previous research has indicated that polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) might cause male reproductive toxicity in mammals, their precise effects on sperm motility parameters and acrosomal development remain uncertain. Herein, the effects on sperm motility of PS-MPs at varied particle sizes (0.

A Novel Description of Medial Meniscus Vascularization: A Multicenter Study Introducing the "Medial Meniscal Artery".

Background: The microvasculature of the human meniscus has been previously described by Arnoczky and Warren. However, to date, the qualitative and quantitative extra-articular vascular anatomy of the medial meniscus has not been characterized.

Purposes: To perform a qualitative and quantitative anatomic study of the extra-articular medial meniscal vasculature and to introduce the novel "medial meniscal artery" (MMA), potentially providing future guidelines for the treatment of meniscal abnormalities.

The impact of a water promotion and access intervention on elementary school students in the presence of food insecurity.

Objective: School-based interventions encouraging children to replace sugar-sweetened beverages with water show promise for reducing child overweight. However, students with child food insecurity (CFI) may not respond to nutrition interventions like children who are food-secure.

Design: The Water First cluster-randomised trial found that school water access and promotion prevented child overweight and increased water intake.

Cephalosporins for Outpatient Pyelonephritis in the Emergency Department: COPY-ED Study.

Study Objective: The primary objective of our study was to compare the effectiveness of oral cephalosporins versus fluroquinolones and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for the treatment of pyelonephritis in patients discharged home from the emergency department (ED).

Methods: This was a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study of 11 geographically diverse US EDs. Patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with pyelonephritis and discharged home from the ED between January 1, 2021 and October 31, 2023 were included.

Adjunctive Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Subdural Hematoma.

Background: Subacute and chronic subdural hematomas are common and frequently recur after surgical evacuation. The effect of adjunctive middle meningeal artery embolization on the risk of reoperation remains unclear.

Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, interventional, adaptive-design trial, we randomly assigned patients with symptomatic subacute or chronic subdural hematoma with an indication for surgical evacuation to undergo middle meningeal artery embolization plus surgery (treatment group) or surgery alone (control group).

A personal sensing technology enabled service versus a digital psychoeducation control for primary care patients with depression and anxiety: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Technology-enabled services (TES; clinical services that include both technology-driven [e.g., personal sensing technologies] and person-powered support elements) may address gaps in depression and anxiety treatments in healthcare settings.

From biomarker discovery to combined therapies: Advancing hepatocellular carcinoma treatment strategies.

This editorial reviews advances in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, focusing on a triple therapy approach and biomarker discovery. Zhang discuss the synergistic potential of transarterial chemoembolization combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and PD-1 inhibitors. Meanwhile, Li identify protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor II (PTPN2) as a biomarker for poor prognosis and immune evasion in HCC.

A potently neutralizing and protective human antibody targeting antigenic site V on RSV and hMPV fusion glycoprotein.

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are frequent drivers of morbidity and mortality in susceptible populations, most often infantile, older adults, and immunocompromised. The primary target of neutralizing antibodies is the fusion (F) glycoprotein on the surface of the RSV and hMPV virion. As a result of the structural conservation between RSV and hMPV F, three antigenic regions are known to induce cross-neutralizing responses: sites III, IV, and V.

Spontaneous Resolution of Post-COVID-19-Associated Sacral Neuromodulation Device Dysfunction and Overactive Bladder Symptoms: A Report of Two Cases.

Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is an effective third-line therapy for overactive bladder (OAB). COVID-19 may have a temporary negative effect on SNM function. We describe two cases of increased sensory thresholds and loss of SNM efficacy following COVID-19 infection.

Practical Assessment of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms: Updated Reliability, Validity, and Cutoffs for the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire.

Objectives: To improve assessment of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) by expanding the measurement properties of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q).

Design: Multicenter, longitudinal observational study.

Setting: Several Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRCs).