Colorectal Cancer Screening in African American HOPE VI Public Housing Residents.

This study explores whether colorectal cancer screening outreach via home visits and follow-up calls is effective among public housing African American residents. It reports on the proportion of returned Fecal Immunochemical Test kits, on the characteristics of study participants, and on their primary reasons for returning the kit. By conducting home visits and follow-up calls, our colorectal cancer-screening outreach resulted in a higher Fecal Immunochemical Test kit return rate than anticipated.

Development of Multiple Primary Cancers in Lung Cancer Patients: Appalachian Versus Non-Appalachian Populations of Kentucky.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with lung cancer in Appalachian Kentucky are more likely to develop multiple primary cancers than patients in non-Appalachian Kentucky. Additional analyses were conducted to identify other factors that may be associated with an increased hazard of developing multiple primary cancers in patients with lung cancer.

Methods: The data for this retrospective, population-based cohort study of 26,456 primary lung cancer patients were drawn from the Kentucky Cancer Registry.

An Interactive, Mobile-Based Tool for Personal Social Network Data Collection and Visualization Among a Geographically Isolated and Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Population: Early-Stage Feasibility Study With Qualitative User Feedback.

Background: Personal social networks have a profound impact on our health, yet collecting personal network data for use in health communication, behavior change, or translation and dissemination interventions has proved challenging. Recent advances in social network data collection software have reduced the burden of network studies on researchers and respondents alike, yet little testing has occurred to discover whether these methods are: (1) acceptable to a variety of target populations, including those who may have limited experience with technology or limited literacy; and (2) practical in the field, specifically in areas that are geographically and technologically disconnected, such as rural Appalachian Kentucky.

Objective: We explored the early-stage feasibility (Acceptability, Demand, Implementation, and Practicality) of using innovative, interactive, tablet-based network data collection and visualization software (OpenEddi) in field collection of personal network data in Appalachian Kentucky.

Promoting Teen Contraceptive Use by Intervention With Their Mothers.

Introduction: The purpose of this pilot study was to test a community outreach model designed to help mothers in a rural, medically underserved area navigate their teen daughters to health department services for long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) or alternative contraception.

Methods: The pilot study used a single-group, post-test only design. Mothers of teen daughters (N=142) received a 1-hour, one-to-one intervention session (in outreach settings) from Community Liaisons.

Community-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening in a Rural Population: Who Returns Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) Kits?

Purpose: To determine the return rate of community-delivered fecal immunochemical test (FIT) kits in a rural population and to identify significant predictors of returning kits.

Methods: Residents were recruited in 8 rural Kentucky counties to enroll in the study and receive an FIT kit. Of 345 recruited, 82.

A Community-Academic Partnership to Increase Pap Testing in Appalachian Kentucky.

Introduction: Appalachian Kentucky is recognized for elevated rates of cervical cancer, which exerts an undue burden in this medically underserved region. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an academic-community partnership, specifically a regional health department and a CDC Prevention Research Center, in conducting outreach aimed at improving Pap testing rates and examining barriers among under-screened women in Appalachian Kentucky. Differences between women with abnormal and negative results were also examined.

A partnership of two U.S. research networks to improve public health.

Strategic collaborations are essential in moving public health research and practice forward, particularly in light of escalating fiscal and environmental challenges facing the public health community. This commentary provides background and context for an emerging partnership between two national networks, Prevention Research Centers (PRCs) and Public Health Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs), to impact public health practice. Supported by CDC, PRCs are celebrating over 25 years of transdisciplinary applied prevention research grounded in community and stakeholder engagement.

Self-collecting a cervico-vaginal specimen for cervical cancer screening: an exploratory study of acceptability among medically underserved women in rural Appalachia.

Objective: Innovative screening methods such as self-testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) may alleviate barriers to cervical cancer screening. The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine whether Appalachian Kentucky women would be amenable to self-collecting a cervico-vaginal specimen for HPV testing.

Methods: Women aged 30-64 who were overdue for guideline-recommended cervical cancer screening were recruited from a primary care clinic in southeastern Kentucky.

"1-2-3 Pap" Intervention Improves HPV Vaccine Series Completion among Appalachian Women.

Completion of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series is a national priority. This study not only identified correlates of intent to complete the vaccine series and actual series completion, but also tested the efficacy of a DVD intervention to promote series completion. Women's beliefs that all three doses reduced cancer risk predicted intent and completion.

Predictors of initial uptake of human papillomavirus vaccine uptake among rural Appalachian young women.

Women in Appalachian Kentucky experience a high burden of cervical cancer and have low rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. The purpose of this study was to identify normative influences predicting initial HPV vaccine uptake among a sample of young women in southeastern Kentucky. Women (N = 495), ages 18 through 26 years, were recruited from clinics and community colleges.

Human papillomavirus vaccine intention among college men: what's oral sex got to do with it?

Objective: To identify associations between engaging in oral sex and perceived risk of oral cancer among college men. Also, to identify associations, and their moderating factors, between oral sex and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine acceptance.

Methods: Young men were recruited from 2 university campuses in the South (N = 150).