CT-Defined Pectoralis Muscle Density Predicts 30-Day Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Nationwide Multicenter Study.

Rationale And Objectives: The prognostic role of computed tomography (CT)-defined skeletal muscle features in COVID-19 is still under investigation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic role of CT-defined skeletal muscle area and density in patients with COVID-19 in a multicenter setting.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study is a part of the German multicenter project RACOON (Radiological Cooperative Network of the COVID-19 pandemic).

Children with MOG-IgG positive bilateral optic neuritis misdiagnosed as fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Background: Fulminant idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by headache, rapid decrease of vision and elevated CSF-opening pressure.

Objective: To delineate a subgroup of MOGAD mimicking fulminant IIH.

Methods: In this case series children with MOGAD with vision loss, optic disc swelling and elevated CSF opening pressure, initially diagnosed with fulminant IIH, were included.

Depression in patients with anorectal fistulas and anal fissures: a propensity score-matched cohort study.

Purpose: Anal fissures and anorectal fistulas are diseases often associated with significant pain and prolonged discomfort, resulting in a significantly reduced quality of life (QoL). They are not only a surgical problem but also have a profound psychosocial impact and influence on QoL. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of depression in patients with these pathologies and to highlight the need to address the psychosocial aspects of these diseases.

Relational neuroscience: Insights from hyperscanning research.

Humans are highly social, typically without this ability requiring noticeable efforts. Yet, such social fluency poses challenges both for the human brain to compute and for scientists to study. Over the last few decades, neuroscientific research of human sociality has witnessed a shift in focus from single-brain analysis to complex dynamics occurring across several brains, posing questions about what these dynamics mean and how they relate to multifaceted behavioural models.

Deep learning-assistance significantly increases the detection sensitivity of neurosurgery residents for intracranial aneurysms in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a deep learning model (DLM) in improving the sensitivity of neurosurgery residents to detect intracranial aneurysms on CT angiography (CTA) in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: In this diagnostic accuracy study, a set of 104 CTA scans of aSAH patients containing a total of 126 aneurysms were presented to three blinded neurosurgery residents (a first-year, third-year, and fifth-year resident), who individually assessed them for aneurysms. After the initial reading, the residents were given the predictions of a dedicated DLM previously established for automated detection and segmentation of intracranial aneurysms.

A comparison of real-world data on adjuvant treatment in patients with stage III BRAF V600 mutated melanoma - Results of systematic literature research.

Background: Over the past decade, PD-1-based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies (TT) with BRAF and MEK inhibitors transformed melanoma treatment. Both are widely used in the adjuvant setting. However, for patients with a BRAF V600 mutation, the optimal adjuvant therapy remains unclear due to the lack of head-to-head comparison studies.

Shift of cell-death mechanisms in primary human neutrophils with a ruthenium photosensitizer.

Primary human neutrophils are the most abundant human white blood cells and are central for innate immunity. They act as early responders at inflammation sites, guided by chemotactic gradients to find infection or inflammation sites. Neutrophils can undergo both apoptosis as well as NETosis.

How sensitive are protein hydration shells to electrolyte concentration and protein composition?

Proteins of obligate halophilic organisms have an unusually high number of acidic amino acids, thought to enable them to function in multimolar KCl environments. Clarifying the molecular scale mechanisms by which this occurs is relevant for biotechnology, to enable enzymatic synthesis of economically important small molecules in salty environments and other environments with low water activity. Previous studies have suggested that acidic amino acids are necessary at high salt concentration to keep the proteins hydrated by competing with the ions in solution for available water (the "solvent-only" model).

Longitudinal Model Shifts of Machine Learning-Based Clinical Risk Prediction Models: Evaluation Study of Multiple Use Cases Across Different Hospitals.

Background: In recent years, machine learning (ML)-based models have been widely used in clinical domains to predict clinical risk events. However, in production, the performances of such models heavily rely on changes in the system and data. The dynamic nature of the system environment, characterized by continuous changes, has significant implications for prediction models, leading to performance degradation and reduced clinical efficacy.

Psychometric Properties of a Computer-Administered Self-Report Version of the Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women (DISEX-F-SR).

The Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women (DISEX-F) is a clinician-administered instrument allowing for an ICD-11 and DSM-5-compliant assessment of female sexual dysfunctions. Due to limited time and resources in practice and research, as well as patients' reticence in discussing sexual issues, a computer-administered self-report version was developed (DISEX-F-SR). This study aimed to collect initial data on its psychometric properties.

Clay hypoplasticity coupled with small-strain approaches for complex cyclic loading.

Constitutive models that are able to accurately predict cyclic soil behaviour are crucial for finite element design of offshore foundation or railway embankments. Basic hypoplastic models introduce the history of loading in state variables such as the stress and void ratio and are therefore incapable of describing small-strain stiffness and cyclic loading. In this work, clay hypoplasticity is extended with a modified intergranular strain proposed by Duque et al.

Treatment Pressures and the Predicament of Family Care: A Grounded Theory Study With Relatives of People With a Serious Mental Health Condition.

Relatives are increasingly recognized as important in the care of people with a serious mental health condition, such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia. Research indicates that in providing care, relatives use so-called treatment pressures, such as persuasion, interpersonal leverage, inducements, or threats, to promote the treatment compliance of their family member. This grounded theory study investigated why relatives use treatment pressures by analyzing the experiences of relatives of people with a serious mental health condition before, during, and after mental health crises of their family member.

Difficulty of diagnostic accuracy of periprosthetic joint infection: a retrospective analysis of revision surgery of total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty in a tertiary hospital.

Background: Diagnostic accuracy of periprosthetic joint infection still remains controversial and an unsolved problem with respect to clinical signs and laboratory measures. Influencing factors of diagnosis like age, sex, abnormal physical findings and comorbidities are published with different results. The aim of our study was to find factors strengthening the diagnosis.

REmoval of cytokines during CArdiac surgery (RECCAS): a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) triggers marked cytokine release often followed by a systemic inflammatory response syndrome, associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. This trial investigates the intraoperative use of haemoadsorption (HA) during cardiac surgery with CPB to assess its impact on postoperative systemic inflammatory response.

Methods: In this prospective randomised controlled trial (ethics approval no.

Implementation of the new DGRh S2e guideline on diagnostics and treatment of adult-onset Still's disease in Germany : Implications for clinical practice in rheumatology.

Background: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare autoinflammatory disease. Since it can lead to variable organ involvement, including life-threatening complications, and due to newly available therapeutic approaches, the German Society for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie und klinische Immunologie; DGRh) issued a newly developed S2e guideline in December 2022.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the influence of the new guideline on the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of AOSD.

Association of the Cervical Canal Area With Disability and Progression in People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: In multiple sclerosis (MS), brain reserve serves as a protective factor against cognitive impairment. Previous research has suggested a structural counterpart in the spine-spinal cord reserve-seemed to be associated with physical disability. This study aimed to investigate the potential of the cervical canal area (CCaA) as a proxy for spinal cord reserve in a multicentric cohort of people with MS (PwMS).

Assessing axonal pathology and disease progression in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy using corneal confocal microscopy.

Objective: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an autoimmune neuropathy characterized by progressive or relapsing-remitting weakness and sensory deficits. This study aims to evaluate the utility of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) in diagnosing and monitoring CIDP.

Methods: We analysed 100 CIDP patients and 31 healthy controls using CCM to measure corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), length (CNFL), and branch density (CNBD).

Cerium(III) yldiide complexes with divergent CO reactivity.

Synthesis of cerium yldiide complexes and their reactivity with CO is demonstrated. In the case of the sulphur-tethered yldiide, the ketenyl complex is formed with release of PPh, while PhPCCO is formed along with a sulfinato ligand in the case of the tosyl-substituted yldiide. Computational analysis shows that this diverging reactivity is due to the stability of the two isomers in the first step of each mechanism.

Influence of equipment choice and athletic experience on the incidence of kitesurfing injuries - A prospective observational study.

Background: Kitesurfing is a popular activity among recreational athletes in Germany, and the number of athletes is constantly increasing. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of athletic experience and equipment choice on the frequency of kitesurfing injuries in Germany.

Methods: Sixty-six athletes completed a standardized questionnaire at the beginning and end of a summer season.