A virus associated with the zoonotic pathogen causing human malaria is a member of a diverse and unclassified viral taxon.

The Apicomplexa are a phylum of single-celled eukaryotes that can infect humans and include the mosquito-borne parasite , the cause of malaria. Viruses that infect non- spp. disease-causing protozoa affect the pathogen life cycle and disease outcomes.

Stores Licensing Scheme in remote Indigenous communities of the Northern Territory, Australia: a meta-evaluation.

A form of food retail regulation called the Stores Licensing Scheme was introduced by the Australian Government in 2007-2022 to ensure food security in remote Indigenous communities of the Northern Territory. We examined evaluations of this Scheme implemented under the Northern Territory National Emergency Response and Stronger Futures Northern Territory Acts. Grey literature search identified nine primary source evaluations.

Lower Rates of Bloodstream Infection in Patients on Hemodialysis Receiving Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Melioidosis Prophylaxis.

Hemodialysis is a risk factor for bloodstream infection (SAB). In this single-center study, SAB rates were 56% lower during the monsoonal wet season when patients on hemodialysis receive supervised melioidosis prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. This intervention may reduce SAB rates in high-risk patients; however, further targeted studies are required.

Engagement and partnership with consumers and communities in the co-design and conduct of Research: Lessons from the INtravenous iron polymaltose for First Nations Australian patients with high FERRitin levels on haemodialysis (INFERR) clinical trial.

Background: Engagement and partnership with consumers and communities throughout research processes produces high quality research meeting community needs and promoting translation of research into improved policy and practice. Partnership is critical in research involving Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people (First Nations Peoples) to ensure cultural safety. We present lessons from the design, implementation and progress of the National Health and Medical Research Council funded INtravenous iron polymaltose for First Nations Australian patients with high FERRitin levels on hemodialysis (INFERR) clinical trial.

Benchmarking for healthy food stores: protocol for a randomised controlled trial with remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Australia to enhance adoption of health-enabling store policy and practice.

Background: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in remote Australia have initiated bold policies for health-enabling stores. Benchmarking, a data-driven and facilitated 'audit and feedback' with action planning process, provides a potential strategy to strengthen and scale health-enabling best-practice adoption by remote community store directors/owners. We aim to co-design a benchmarking model with five partner organisations and test its effectiveness with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community stores in remote Australia.

Developing an integrated clinical decision support system for the early identification and management of kidney disease-building cross-sectoral partnerships.

Background: The burden of chronic conditions is growing in Australia with people in remote areas experiencing high rates of disease, especially kidney disease. Health care in remote areas of the Northern Territory (NT) is complicated by a mobile population, high staff turnover, poor communication between health services and complex comorbid health conditions requiring multidisciplinary care.

Aim: This paper aims to describe the collaborative process between research, government and non-government health services to develop an integrated clinical decision support system to improve patient care.

Development of a survey tool to assess the environmental determinants of health-enabling food retail practice in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities of remote Australia.

Background: Environmental factors can impact the ability of food retail businesses to implement best practice health-enabling food retail.

Methods: We co-designed a short-item survey on factors influencing food retail health-enabling practice in a remote Australian setting. Publicly available submissions to an Australian Parliamentary Inquiry into food pricing and food security in remote Indigenous communities were coded using an existing remote community food systems assessment tool and thematically analysed.

Sydenham chorea in the top end of Australia's Northern Territory: A 20-year retrospective case series.

Aim: Sydenham chorea is an immune-mediated neuropsychiatric condition, and a major criterion for diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever (ARF). Children in remote Northern Australia experience disproportionately high rates of ARF, yet studies looking at the epidemiology, clinical presentation and management of Sydenham chorea are limited in this population.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case series from January 2002 to April 2022 of all paediatric patients aged ≤18 years admitted to Royal Darwin Hospital with Sydenham chorea.

Food security in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in remote Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of print news media and press releases.

Objective: This article aims to examine the framing of the issue of food security in very remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in print media and press releases during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.

Methods: Newspaper articles were identified following a systematic search of the Factiva database, and press releases were identified from manual search of key stakeholder websites from January to June 2020 and analysed using a combined adapted framework of the Bacchi's What's the Problem Represented to be? Framework and the Narrative Policy Framework.

Results: A food delivery "problem" dominated representations in press releases, and food supply at store level had prominence in print media.

Towards healthy food retail: An assessment of public health nutrition workforce capacity to work with stores.

Objective: This article aims to investigate the capacity of nutrition professionals to engage in food retail practice change to improve population diet.

Methods: Convergent mixed method design was used that includes pre-interview surveys, in-depth interviews, and retrospective mapping of service provision. The study was conducted in organisations that provide a nutrition professional service to food retail stores in remote Australia.

Surgery for rheumatic heart disease in the Northern Territory, Australia, 1997-2016: what have we gained?

Background: Between 1964 and 1996, the 10-year survival of patients having valve replacement surgery for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in the Northern Territory, Australia, was 68%. As medical care has evolved since then, this study aimed to determine whether there has been a corresponding improvement in survival.

Methods: A retrospective study of Aboriginal patients with RHD in the Northern Territory, Australia, having their first valve surgery between 1997 and 2016.

Implementation of a food retail intervention to reduce purchase of unhealthy food and beverages in remote Australia: mixed-method evaluation using the consolidated framework for implementation research.

Background: Adoption of health-enabling food retail interventions in food retail will require effective implementation strategies. To inform this, we applied an implementation framework to a novel real-world food retail intervention, the Healthy Stores 2020 strategy, to identify factors salient to intervention implementation from the perspective of the food retailer.

Methods: A convergent mixed-method design was used and data were interpreted using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

Predicting Alcohol Consumption Patterns for Individuals with a User-Friendly Parsimonious Statistical Model.

Many studies on the relationship between alcohol and health outcome focus primarily on average consumption over time and do not consider how heavy per-occasion drinking may influence apparent relationships. Improved methods concerning the most recent drinking occasion are essential to inform the extent of alcohol-related health problems. We aimed to develop a user-friendly and readily replicable computational model that predicts: (i) an individual's probability of consuming alcohol ≥2, 3, 4… drinks; and (ii) the total number of days during which consumption is ≥2, 3, 4… drinks over a specified period.

Reflections on an evaluation of the 'Remote Health Experience' - an interprofessional learning, cultural immersion program.

Introduction: Cultural immersion can be an effective method of health professional student cultural learning, and part of interprofessional learning. This evaluation aimed to report the views of staff and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander contributors about a cultural immersion program, as well as the student perspective.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews with staff (11 non-Aboriginal, 3 Aboriginal) and Aboriginal contributors (n=3) were conducted after the 2020 immersion program.

Exploring the long-term colonisation and persistence of probiotic-prophylaxis species on the gut microbiome of preterm infants: a pilot study.

Preterm infants suffer from a higher incidence of acute diseases such as necrotising enterocolitis and sepsis. This risk can be mitigated through probiotic prophylaxis during admission. This reduction in risk is likely the result of acute modulation of the gut microbiome induced by probiotic species, which has been observed to occur up until discharge.

Induction therapy and outcome of proliferative lupus nephritis in the top end of Northern Australia - a single centre study retrospective study.

Background: Lupus nephritis is a common manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Mycophenolate is recommended by guidelines for induction therapy in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis and nephrotic range proteinuria Class V lupus nephritis. Indigenous Australians suffer disproportionally from systemic lupus erythematosus compared to non-Indigenous Australians (Anstey et al.

Improving cultural competence of healthcare workers in First Nations communities: a narrative review of implemented educational interventions in 2015-20.

Background: Cultural competency is often promoted as a strategy to address health inequities; however, there is little evidence linking cultural competency with improved patient outcomes. This article describes the characteristics of recent educational interventions designed to improve cultural competency in healthcare workers for First Nations peoples of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the USA.

Methods: In total, 13 electronic databases and 14 websites for the period from January 2015 to May 2021 were searched.

What Is the Optimal Speed of correction of the Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State in Diabetic Ketoacidosis? An Observational Cohort Study of U.S. Intensive Care Patients.

Objective: The international guidelines for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) advise against rapid changes in osmolarity and glucose; however, the optimal rates of correction are unknown. We aimed to evaluate the rates of change in tonicity and glucose level in intensive care patients with DKA and their relationship with mortality and altered mental status.

Methods: This is an observational cohort study using 2 publicly available databases of U.

Perceptions of Australian remote area nurses about why they stay or leave: A qualitative study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the perspectives of experienced Australian remote area nurses about remote nursing staff retention strategies.

Background: There is low retention of remote area nurses in remote Australia. Retention of remote area nurses can be improved by a supportive environment including good management, professional development and supervision.

Preferred health outcome states following treatment for pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis.

Background: Treatment for pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis (CF) can produce a range of positive and negative outcomes. Understanding which of these outcomes are achievable and desirable to people affected by disease is critical to agreeing to goals of therapy and determining endpoints for trials. The relative importance of outcomes resulting from treatment of these episodes are not reported.