Subcutaneous electroencephalography monitoring for people with epilepsy and intellectual disability: co-production workshops.

Background: Nearly 25% of people with intellectual disability (PwID) have epilepsy compared to 1% of the UK general population. PwID are commonly excluded from research, eventually affecting their care. Understanding seizures in PwID is particularly challenging because of reliance on subjective external observation and poor objective validation.

The effects of stress on surgical performance: a systematic review.

Introduction: Acute stress, the psychological response to short-term challenging stimuli, is frequently encountered in the high-pressure environment of the operating theatre. Surgeon stress is associated with deterioration in surgical performance, surgical team working and compromised patient safety. Given these concerns, the aim of this review was to understand the impact of acute stress on surgical performance in technical and non-technical domains as well as patient outcomes.

A Case of Post-COVID Mucormycosis in a Diabetic Patient in Pakistan.

Mucormycosis is a rare but potentially fatal angioinvasive fungal infection, caused by filamentous molds of the order Mucorales, which primarily affects immunocompromised individuals and is characterized by high mortality rates. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common risk factor for mucormycosis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of cases significantly increased.

Intravitreal Faricimab in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration: real-world outcome of 12-week extension after the loading dose from a UK centre.

Objectives: To assess the visual outcome of extension to 12-weekly intervals (Q12W) following 4 loading doses of intravitreal Faricimab injections as described in the TENAYA and LUCERENE trials for the management of treatment-naïve neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on all treatment-naïve nAMD patients who started Faricimab intravitreal injections in the period between 1 September 2022 and 31 January 2023. The data collection included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at baseline, 12 weeks, 24 weeks and 52 weeks; Central Subfield Thickness (CST) at baseline, 24 weeks and 52 weeks; Number of injections at 52 weeks; treatment intervals at 52 weeks.

A retrospective observational study of certain interactions with simvastatin 40 mg in an acute hospital in England.

The use of simvastatin 40 mg with various interacting medicines may lead to an increased risk of myopathy. We examined the extent to which hospital inpatients were prescribed simvastatin 40 mg with amiodarone, amlodipine, diltiazem, or verapamil, and assessed if any action was taken by prescribers or the pharmacy team to avoid this interaction. We found 56 patients on a combination of interest during their stay.

Novelty in the gut: a review of the gastrointestinal manifestations of syphilis.

Syphilis is a systemic infection caused by the spirochete . It is transmitted during pregnancy or through sexual contact. Signs and symptoms vary depending on the clinical stage of the disease.

Neuroendocrine differentiation and serotonin expression in oesophageal adenocarcinomas after neoadjuvant therapy: correlation with clinicopathological features and outcome.

Aims: Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a glandular or mucinous epithelial malignancy that can show immunohistochemical evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) and express the hormone serotonin. The objective of this study was to correlate the presence of NED and serotonin with clinicopathological characteristics and patient outcome after neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

Methods And Results: A retrospective cohort of patients treated between 2002 and 2021 was established and included 218 oesophagectomy specimens with residual tumour.

Real World Outcomes in Patients With Recurrent, Advanced, or Metastatic Endometrial Cancer Treated With Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab.

Aims: Patients with endometrial cancer who progress following first line therapy have improved survival outcomes with pembrolizumab and lenvatinib (pem/len) compared with standard of care chemotherapy, as demonstrated in KEYNOTE-775. This was in a group of trial patients with good performance status and excluded those with carcinosarcoma histology. In KEYNOTE-775 pem/len was associated with significant toxicity, leading to dose reductions, treatment cessation, and patient morbidity.

Variability between human experts and artificial intelligence in identification of anatomical structures by ultrasound in regional anaesthesia: a framework for evaluation of assistive artificial intelligence.

Background: ScanNavAnatomy Peripheral Nerve Block (ScanNav™) is an artificial intelligence (AI)-based device that produces a colour overlay on real-time B-mode ultrasound to highlight key anatomical structures for regional anaesthesia. This study compares consistency of identification of sono-anatomical structures between expert ultrasonographers and ScanNav™.

Methods: Nineteen experts in ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia (UGRA) annotated 100 structures in 30 ultrasound videos across six anatomical regions.

Ovarian Cancer Retrospective European (O'CaRE) study: first-line outcomes by number of risk factors for progression.

The Ovarian Cancer Retrospective European (O'CaRE) study assessed the cumulative impact of high-risk factors on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) following first-line treatment in patients diagnosed with advanced ovarian cancer. Medical records were collected from five European countries (2014 and 2015). Patients were grouped by number of high-risk factors: stage IV diagnosis, no known , interval debulking surgery or no surgery, or visible residual disease.

Prospective randomized evaluation of the sustained impact of assistive artificial intelligence on anesthetists' ultrasound scanning for regional anesthesia.

Objectives: Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (UGRA) relies on acquiring and interpreting an appropriate view of sonoanatomy. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to aid this by applying a color overlay to key sonoanatomical structures.The primary aim was to determine whether an AI-generated color overlay was associated with a difference in participants' ability to identify an appropriate block view over a 2-month period after a standardized teaching session (as judged by a blinded assessor).

Longitudinal monitoring of circulating tumor DNA to detect relapse early and predict outcome in early breast cancer.

Purpose: Detection of molecular residual disease (MRD) allows for the identification of breast cancer patients at high-risk of recurrence, with the potential that early initiation of treatment at early stages of relapse could improve patient outcomes. The Invitae Personalized Cancer Monitoring™ assay (PCM) is a newly developed next-generation sequencing approach that utilizes up to 50 patient-specific, tumor-informed DNA variants, to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). The ability of the PCM assay to detect MRD before clinical relapse was evaluated.

Induction chemotherapy followed by standard chemoradiotherapy versus standard chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (GCIG INTERLACE): an international, multicentre, randomised phase 3 trial.

Background: Locally advanced cervical cancer is treated with chemoradiotherapy (standard of care), but many patients still relapse and die from metastatic disease. We investigated chemoradiotherapy with or without induction chemotherapy to determine whether induction chemotherapy improves both progression-free survival and overall survival.

Methods: The INTERLACE trial was a multicentre, randomised phase 3 trial done at 32 medical centres in Brazil, India, Italy, Mexico, and the UK.

Selinexor in combination with dexamethasone with or without bortezomib in heavily pretreated multiple myeloma: A case series.

This report describes the characteristics and outcomes of 18 heavily pretreated patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who were subsequently treated with selinexor. This is a case series of 18 patients with MM who were treated with selinexor and dexamethasone (Sd) or selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (SVd) in 12 hospitals in the UK between 2019 and 2021. Eight patients received Sd and 10 patients received SVd.

Piloting a community health and well-being worker model in Cornwall: a guide for implementation and spread.

Background: This paper evaluates the introduction of ten Community Health and Well-being Workers (CHWW) in four pilot sites across Cornwall. The period evaluated was from the initial start in June 2022 until June 2023, covering the project setup and implementation across a range of Primary Care Networks (PCNs) and Voluntary sector partners (VSCO).

Methods: All ten CHWWs and their managers at each site were interviewed (n = 16) to understand the barriers and enablers to implementation and wider learning that could be captured around the project setup.

Educational outcomes of simulation-based training in regional anaesthesia: a scoping review.

Background: Structured training in regional anaesthesia includes pretraining on simulation-based educational platforms to establish a safe and controlled learning environment before learners are provided clinical exposure in an apprenticeship model. This scoping review was designed to appraise the educational outcomes of current simulation-based educational modalities in regional anaesthesia.

Methods: This review conformed to PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Comparative effectiveness of standard vs. AI-assisted PET/CT reading workflow for pre-treatment lymphoma staging: a multi-institutional reader study evaluation.

Background: Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is widely used for staging high-grade lymphoma, with the time to evaluate such studies varying depending on the complexity of the case. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) within the reporting workflow has the potential to improve quality and efficiency. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the influence of an integrated research prototype segmentation tool implemented within diagnostic PET/CT reading software on the speed and quality of reporting with variable levels of experience, and to assess the effect of the AI-assisted workflow on reader confidence and whether this tool influenced reporting behaviour.