Domestic violence: an invisible pandemic.

Disclosure Of Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.

Contribution To Authorship: TD and RT conceptualised the article. TD researched and wrote the article; RT wrote and edited the article.

Compliance with clinical guidelines increases the safety of vacuum-assisted delivery.

Background: Vacuum-assisted delivery (VAD) is a common and safe obstetric procedure. However, occasionally serious complications may occur. Clinical guidelines and College Statements have been developed to reduce the risk of serious adverse events.

Guideline of guidelines: management of recurrent urinary tract infections in women.

Objective: To compare recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) guidelines from major urological and non-urological organisations internationally and identify areas of consensus and discrepancy.

Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar and the official webpages of major urological, gynaecological, infectious diseases and general practice organisations were searched for rUTI guidelines in March 2022. Nine guidelines were included for review: European Association of Urology, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, American Academy of Family Physicians, Mexican College of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Specialists, Swiss Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, German Association of Scientific Medical Societies, and the combined American Urological Association/Canadian Urological Association/Society of Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine and Urogenital Reconstruction.

COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

Despite a recent endorsement from official and professional bodies unequivocally recommending COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine hesitancy among pregnant people remains high. The accumulated evidence demonstrates that pregnant people are a special risk group for COVID-19, with an increased risk of intensive care unit admission, extracorporeal membranous oxygenation requirement, preterm birth, and perinatal death. These risks are further increased with some variants of concern, and vaccination of pregnant people reduces the COVID-19-related increase in maternal or fetal morbidity.

Quality framework for remote antenatal care: qualitative study with women, healthcare professionals and system-level stakeholders.

Background: High-quality antenatal care is important for ensuring optimal birth outcomes and reducing risks of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the usual provision of antenatal care, with much care shifting to remote forms of provision. We aimed to characterise what quality would look like for remote antenatal care from the perspectives of those who use, provide and organise it.

Detailed classification of second-degree perineal tears in the delivery ward: an inter-rater agreement study.

Introduction: Second-degree perineal tears can vary widely as to the extent of trauma, which may be relevant for women's pelvic floor health postpartum. However, the short- and long-term consequences of second-degree perineal tears are poorly understood, likely due to the lack of a detailed classification system. Such a classification system for second-degree tears has been suggested but the inter-rater agreement has not yet been assessed.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness and perinatal outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

Safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy is a particular concern affecting vaccination uptake by this vulnerable group. Here we evaluated evidence from 23 studies including 117,552 COVID-19 vaccinated pregnant people, almost exclusively with mRNA vaccines. We show that the effectiveness of mRNA vaccination against RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection 7 days after second dose was 89·5% (95% CI 69·0-96·4%, 18,828 vaccinated pregnant people, I = 73·9%).

The effect of the delta SARS-CoV-2 variant on maternal infection and pregnancy.

A greater proportion of pregnant women with COVID-19 have mild disease compared with their non-pregnant counterparts. Paradoxically, however, they are at higher risk of developing severe disease, requiring respiratory support and admission to intensive care. The delta SARS-Cov-2 variant is associated with increased risk of hospitalization and morbidity in unvaccinated pregnant populations.

Evaluating misoprostol and mechanical methods for induction of labour: Scientific Impact Paper No. 68 April 2022.

Increasingly, births around the world are started artificially using medications or other methods. This process is known as induction of labour. As it becomes more common, methods are needed to meet the different clinical needs and birth preferences of women.

Effect of New RCOG 2019 Curriculum and COVID 19 on Gynaecological Training in the U.K.

Background/aim: The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) introduced a new curriculum in 2019. Furthermore, the National Health Service was hit by the COVID 19 pandemic in 2020. Our survey aims to find how the new RCOG curriculum and COVID 19 pandemic affected gynaecological training amongst specialist trainees in the UK.

Use of induction of labour and emergency caesarean section and perinatal outcomes in English maternity services: a national hospital-level study.

Objectives: To assess the association between hospital-level rates of induction of labour and emergency caesarean section, as measures of "practice style", and rates of adverse perinatal outcomes.

Design: National study using electronic maternity records.

Setting: English National Health Service.

Maternal and perinatal outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated pregnancies during Delta and Omicron waves.

Objective: There is little evidence related to the effects of the Omicron severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant on pregnancy outcomes, particularly in unvaccinated women. This study aimed to compare pregnancy outcomes of unvaccinated women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the pre-Delta, Delta and Omicron waves.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at two tertiary care facilities: Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, and St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

The use of biomarkers to stratify surgical care in women with ovarian cancer: Scientific Impact Paper No. 69 May 2022.

Biomarkers may offer unforeseen insights into clinical diagnosis, as well as the likely course and outcome of a condition. In this paper, the focus is on the use of biological molecules found in body fluids or tissues for diagnosis and prediction of outcome in ovarian cancer patients. In cancer care, biomarkers are being used to develop personalised treatment plans for patients based on the unique characteristics of their tumour.

The United Kingdom and the Netherlands maternity care responses to COVID-19: A comparative study.

Background: The national health care response to coronavirus (COVID-19) has varied between countries. The United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands (NL) have comparable maternity and neonatal care systems, and experienced similar numbers of COVID-19 infections, but had different organisational responses to the pandemic. Understanding why and how similarities and differences occurred in these two contexts could inform optimal care in normal circumstances, and during future crises.

Consensus statement on networks for high-quality rural anesthesia, surgery, and obstetric care in Canada.

Objective: To describe the essential components of well-resourced and high-functioning multidisciplinary networks that support high-quality anesthesia, surgery, and maternity care for rural Canadians, delivered as close to home as possible.

Composition Of The Committee: A volunteer Writers' Group was drawn from the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, the Society of Rural Physicians of Canada, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, the Canadian Association of General Surgeons, the College of Family Physicians of Canada, and the Association of Canadian University Departments of Anesthesia.

Methods: A collaborative effort over the past several years among the professional stakeholders has culminated in this consensus statement on networked care designed to integrate and support a specialist and non-specialist, urban and rural, anesthesia, surgery, and maternity work force into high-functioning networks based on the best available evidence.

Intrapartum care algorithms for liquor abnormalities: oligohydramnios, meconium, blood and purulent discharge.

Aim: To construct evidence-based algorithms for the assessment and management of common amniotic fluid abnormalities detected during labour.

Population: Low-risk singleton, term pregnant women in labour.

Setting: Birth facilities in low- and middle-income countries.

The Shared Safety Net Action Plan (SSNAP): a co-designed intervention to reduce delays in cancer diagnosis.

Background: Safety netting in primary care may help diagnose cancer earlier, but it is unclear what the format and content of an acceptable safety-netting intervention would be. This project aimed to co-design a safety-netting intervention with and for primary care patients and staff.

Aim: This work sought to address how a safety-netting intervention would be implemented in practice; and, if and how a safety-netting intervention would be acceptable to all stakeholders.

Cytology interpretation after a change to HPV testing in primary cervical screening: Observational study from the English pilot.

Background: Overcalling of abnormalities has been a concern for using cytology triage after positive high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) tests in cervical screening.

Methods: The authors studied the detection of cytological and histological abnormalities at age 24 to 64 years, using data from the English HPV pilot. The pilot compared routine implementation of primary cervical screening based on cytology (N = 931,539), where HPV test results were not available before cytology reporting, with that based on HPV testing (N = 403,269), where cytology was only required after positive HPV tests.