The Evaluation of a Flexor Digitorum Profundus-to-Volar Plate Zone I Repair Versus Button Repair: An In Vitro Biomechanics Study.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate joint kinematics and tendon work of flexion (WOF) following a flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)-to-volar plate (VP) repair technique relative to a pullout button for zone I flexor tendon injuries.

Methods: Fourteen digits were tested using an in vitro active finger motion simulator under 3 repaired conditions following a simulated zone I avulsion: button, FDP-VP, and "no slack" FDP-VP (corrected for additional VP length). Outcome metrics included active joint range of motion (ROM), fingertip strength, FDP and flexor digitorum superficialis tensile loads, and WOF.

Understanding individuals' perspectives and experiences of recovery following a proximal humerus fracture: an interpretive description.

Purpose: Proximal humerus fractures are common in older adults and optimizing their outcomes following this injury can be challenging. This study explored recovery from the perspective of individuals who experience proximal humerus fracture.

Materials And Methods: We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews ( = 14) with participants (aged 45 and over) recruited from a hand clinic in London, Ontario using a purposive sampling technique.

Morphology of Proximal Ulna Bare Area: A Guide for Olecranon Osteotomy.

Purpose: Olecranon osteotomy is commonly used to obtain access to the distal humerus for fracture fixation. The goal of this study was to accurately describe the anatomy of the bare area to minimize articular cartilage damage while performing olecranon osteotomies.

Methods: Twenty cadaveric ulnae were denuded to expose the bare area.

Position statement: nonoperative management of lateral epicondylitis in adults.

We sought to compare methods of nonsurgical treatment of lateral epicondylitis in men and women older than 18 years to develop a guideline intended for orthopedic surgeons and other health care providers who assess, counsel and care for these patients. We searched Medline, Embase and Cochrane through to Mar. 9, 2021, and included all English-language studies comparing nonsurgical approaches.

What are the mental health changes associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in people with medical conditions? An international survey.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted mental health worldwide but there is paucity of knowledge regarding the level of change in mental health in people with a medical condition (physical/psychiatric). The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the change in mental health in people with and without medical conditions, (2) to assess the change in various types of medical conditions, (3) to evaluate the association between change in mental health and number of comorbidities, and (4) to investigate the influence of receiving treatment and activity limitation imposed by the medical condition(s).

Design: Cross-sectional.

The efficacy and safety of exercise and physical activity on psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Treatment of psychosis typically focuses on medication, but some of these medications can have unintended side effects, exercise has global health benefits, with minimal side effects. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the effectiveness and safety of exercise and physical activity on psychotic symptoms, in people with psychosis when compared to usual care, in a hospital setting.

Methods: A systematic electronic search of the literature was performed in June 2022, in PubMed, Scopus, and PsychINFO with no date restrictions.

Periprosthetic Postoperative Humeral Fractures After Shoulder Arthroplasty.

The increased utilization of shoulder arthroplasty, including revision procedures, combined with rises in life expectancy, is expected to translate into a substantial increase in periprosthetic humeral fractures. The evaluation and management of these fractures needs to be updated to consider fractures that complicate anatomic and reverse arthroplasties and contemporary short-stem and stemless implants. Although conservative treatment is successful in a large proportion of these fractures, several surgical reconstructive techniques are required for the management of all fracture types.

The sizing and suitability of nonspherical ellipsoid humeral heads for total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) implants have evolved to include more anatomically shaped components that better replicate the native state. The geometry of the humeral head is nonspherical, with the frontal diameter of the base of the head being up to 6% larger than the sagittal diameter. Despite this, most TSA humeral head implants are spherical, meaning that the diameter must be oversized to achieve complete coverage, resulting in articular overhang, or portions of the resection plane will remain uncovered.

Ultrasound-determined healing rates with subscapularis tenotomy versus peel after anatomic shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Several techniques have been described for mobilizing the subscapularis tendon in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). The purpose of this study was to compare subscapularis tendon healing rates, as determined by ultrasound, in patients following anatomic TSA with either a subscapularis tenotomy or subscapularis peel.

Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of patients from a previous randomized controlled trial in which patients underwent anatomic TSA and were randomized to either a tenotomy or peel approach.

Psychometric Properties of the Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for People With Ulnar Nerve Entrapment at the Elbow: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically review, critically appraise, and synthesize evidence on the measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for people with ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE).

Methods: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus were searched for studies reporting on the psychometric properties of the PROMs used to assess pain, disability, and quality of life of people with UNE. Relevant data were extracted based on the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments 2018 checklist.

Low rates of serious complications after open Latarjet procedure at short-term follow-up.

Purpose: To report on intraoperative and short-term postoperative adverse events after open Latarjet procedure in patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability. These complications were classified into different grades of severity based on the treatment required and the learning curve of the procedure.

Methods: Ninety-six patients (102 shoulders) underwent open Latarjet procedure for recurrent post-traumatic anterior glenohumeral instability between 2012 and 2020.

Does the osteoarthritic shoulder have altered rotator cuff vectors with increasing glenoid deformity? An in silico analysis.

Background: A transverse force couple (TFC) functional imbalance has been demonstrated in osteoarthritic shoulders by recent 3-dimensional (3D) muscle volumetric studies. Altered rotator cuff vectors may be an additional factor contributing to a muscle imbalance and the propagation of glenoid deformity.

Methods: Computed tomography images of 33 Walch type A and 60 Walch type B shoulders were evaluated.

An Interpretive Descriptive Approach to Understanding Osteoporosis Management from the Perspective of People at Risk of Fracturing.

Purpose: Adherence to both non-pharmacological and pharmacological fracture prevention interventions is often low in people with osteoporosis. Understanding how patients acquire information about osteoporosis management is important for understanding both the initial decision-making and ongoing adherence. This study explored the narrative of people living with osteoporosis and their personal experience getting information about their osteoporosis management.

An intersectional approach to identifying factors associated with anxiety and depression following the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting mental health, with some populations bearing a greater burden. In this cross-sectional online study, we examined the personal and intersectional factors associated with increased symptoms of anxiety and depression following the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed pre- and post-pandemic levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales, respectively.

Development and validation of the ND10 to measure neck-related functional disability.

Background: Previous neck-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have tended to measure both symptoms and disability. This multi-staged study developed and evaluated a neck-specific PROM focusing on functional disability.

Methods: This study integrated findings from systematic reviews on neck-specific outcome measures, patient interviews, qualitative studies on neck disability, and iterative item testing to develop a 10-item measure of neck-related disability (ND10).

Interpreting Electrodiagnostic Studies for the Management of Nerve Injury.

Nerve injuries are common after trauma and can be life-altering for patients. Electrodiagnostic studies are the gold standard for diagnosing and prognosticating nerve injuries. However, most surgeons are not trained in the interpretation of these studies; rather, they rely on the interpretation provided by the electrodiagnostician, who in turn is unlikely to be trained in nerve reconstruction.

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome: Review of Diagnosis and Management.

Cubital tunnel syndrome is one of the most common upper extremity nerve entrapment conditions. Clinical examination and electrodiagnostic studies assist in the diagnosis. Mild cases can be successfully treated conservatively, aiming to reduce traction and compression on the nerve.

Active Retrieval Improves Procedural Learning in Orthopedic Surgery.

Objective: Tests are shown to enhance learning: this is known as the "testing effect". The benefit of testing is theorized to be through "active retrieval", which is the effortful process of recalling stored knowledge. This differs from "passive studying", such as reading, which is a low effort process relying on recognition.

Effectiveness of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization for the management of upper body, lower body, and spinal conditions. An updated systematic review with meta-analyses.

Purpose: To critically appraise randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilisation (IASTM) and quantify the effects of IASTM compared with other treatment in individuals with or without pathologies on function, pain, and range of motion.

Materials And Methods: We search four electronic databases from January 1999 to January 2022 and included RCTs of healthy participants/athletes and people with upper, lower, or spinal conditions, who received IASTM versus other active treatment for clinical outcomes (function, pain, and range of motion).

Results: Forty-six RCTs were considered eligible for data analysis.

Cannabis use patterns among patients with upper extremity conditions at the time of legalization in Canada.

Background: Recreational cannabis use was legalized in Canada in 2018. Cannabis use patterns and patient attitudes toward cannabis use, particularly in the context of these legal changes, are not well understood. Our aim was to evaluate baseline cannabis use patterns and attitudes at the time of legalization among patients with upper extremity conditions in Canada.

An interpretive descriptive approach of patients with osteoporosis and integrating osteoporosis management advice into their lifestyle.

Introduction: Although osteoporosis-exercise recommendations have been established, implementation of the information remains a challenge for people with osteoporosis. This study aimed to understand how participants integrate osteoporosis management advice into their lifestyle and the challenges they might face.

Methods: Integrative descriptive methods were used for this qualitative study.

Patient-reported outcome measures used for shoulder disorders: An overview of systematic reviews.

Background: The aim of this study was to synthesize the psychometric evidence on different patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) for shoulder disorders.

Methods: This overview conducted a search of six databases. Included systematic reviews must address at least one psychometric property from a PROM for shoulder disorders.

Outcomes at 3 Months of a Place and Active Hold Method of Flexor Tendon Rehabilitation Following Zone II Injury.

Previous studies have shown that outcomes following a place and active hold (PAH) are better than a passive flexion protocol after a two-strand core-suture repair of flexor tendons injuries in zone II. This study aims to determine the outcomes of a PAH protocol of flexor tendon rehabilitation following a four-strand core-suture plus an epitendinous suture repair of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) combined with a simple horizontal loop repair of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS). This is a prospective study of patients with complete injury to both flexor tendons in zone II.

Understanding the unpaid work roles amongst households, during COVID-19.

Background: Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a rapid disruption on work, social activities and family life. Pre-pandemic norms suggested that women spend more time in unpaid work roles and with childcare, while men spend more time in paid work roles. This study aims to understand: 1) the distribution of unpaid work roles within households, and 2) if there are certain factors that explain the unpaid work roles within a household during the pandemic.

Revision of Carpal Tunnel Surgery.

Carpal tunnel release is one of the most commonly performed upper extremity procedures. The majority of patients experience significant improvement or resolution of their symptoms. However, a small but important subset of patients will experience the failure of their initial surgery.