622 results match your criteria: "Roseola Infantum"
Diagnostic Dilemmas: A Review of Reported Cases of Human Herpesvirus 6 Encephalitis in Immunocompetent Adults.
Open Forum Infect Dis
September 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, Victoria, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) often causes roseola infantum in children but can rarely lead to encephalitis, especially in immunocompromised individuals due to reactivation.
- This review focuses on cases of HHV-6 encephalitis in immunocompetent adults, analyzing the varying diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies used.
- The study emphasizes the need for clearer diagnostic guidelines for HHV-6 encephalitis in healthy adults, suggesting certain diagnostic methods that could improve the understanding and management of this rare condition.
Symptomatic central nervous system tuberculosis and human herpesvirus-6 coinfection with associated hydrocephalus managed with endoscopic third ventriculostomy: A case report and review of human herpesvirus-6 neuropathology.
Surg Neurol Int
August 2024
Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Orange County, Orange, California, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a common childhood virus that usually causes mild febrile illness but has been linked to more severe conditions like meningoencephalitis in some cases, particularly in those with weakened immune systems.
- A case study details the treatment of an 18-month-old girl who presented with symptoms suggesting meningitis, leading to a diagnosis of HHV-6 after extensive testing and amid concerns for CNS tuberculosis.
- Initially considered incidental, the initiation of antiviral therapy coincided with the child’s clinical improvement, suggesting HHV-6 may have played a more significant role in her condition than previously thought.
The Eruptive Fevers at Sixes and Sevens.
Open Access Emerg Med
April 2024
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Sixth Disease (roseola infantum) and its primary causative agent, HHV-6, share names that numerically concur. This article examines and answers the question of whether that correspondence is by design or coincidental by briefly reviewing the history and nomenclature of the HHV viruses and the classic febrile rashes of childhood while highlighting some clinical and microbiologic features of HHV-6 infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Classic Presentation of Roseola Infantum.
Cureus
January 2024
Family Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Alexandria, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Roseola is a common childhood viral infection that typically affects infants and toddlers under three years old.
- It starts with a sudden high fever, followed by a distinctive rash that begins in the center of the body and spreads outward once the fever resolves.
- The report discusses an 18-month-old child to illustrate the usual symptoms and progression of this generally mild illness.
Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Exanthems Among Japanese Children Younger Than 6 Years Old in the Post-Measles-Rubella Vaccine Era.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
February 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Subspecialties.
Article Synopsis
- Exanthems are a frequent reason for pediatric emergency visits, particularly in children under 6, but there’s limited data post-vaccination for measles and rubella.
- A study in Japan from August 2019 to March 2020 classified the causes of exanthems in young children, using both clinical diagnosis and PCR tests for specific pathogens.
- Results showed that 54% of diagnosed cases were noninfectious or infectious diseases, with notable pathogens identified through PCR, making viral infections the most common underlying causes.
Human Herpesvirus-6 Encephalitis Associated With Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in an Immunocompetent Child: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Cureus
June 2023
Pediatric Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, SAU.
Article Synopsis
- - Human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) is a DNA virus that typically infects children early in life and can lead to mild illnesses like roseola.
- - HHV-6 can rarely cause serious conditions like encephalitis or acute necrotizing encephalopathy in otherwise healthy children, as shown in a unique case study that blends characteristics of multiple conditions.
- - Although brain inflammation from HHV-6 is uncommon, its impact can be severe, making prompt diagnosis and antiviral treatment critically important for affected children.
Prevalence of Anti-Human Herpes Virus Type 7 IgG Positivity Rate among Children with Fever and Skin Rash in Diyala Province, Iraq.
Arch Razi Inst
February 2023
College of Medicine, Diyala University, Baqubah, Iraq.
Article Synopsis
- Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) is a commonly found virus, particularly in children, with most adults having been infected by it by adulthood; the study focused on its prevalence in children with fever and skin rash as well as healthy peers in Diyala, Iraq.
- Conducted from July 2020 to March 2021, the research included 180 sick children and 60 healthy controls, utilizing questionnaires and blood tests to assess HHV-7 IgG antibody levels.
- The findings indicated a 19.4% positivity rate in sick children and 31.7% in healthy children, with no significant differences noted based on age, gender, or family size.
Article Synopsis
- Pityriasis rosea (PR) is a skin condition characterized by a large first patch followed by smaller rashes, possibly linked to reactivation of human herpesviruses HHV-6 and HHV-7.
- This review examines the association of PR symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus causing COVID-19) infection and vaccination, with a study of 154 patients showing a higher occurrence of PR following vaccination.
- Only a small percentage of patients were tested for HHV-6/7 infections, indicating a lack of extensive research; further studies are suggested to explore the relationship between PR and COVID-19, including tissue examination and blood tests for viral reactivation.
Case report: Acute liver failure in children and the human herpes virus 6-? A factor in the recent epidemic.
Front Pediatr
April 2023
The Liver Unit, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- The 2022 global outbreak of acute hepatitis in young children pointed to abnormal causes, particularly linked to infections like HHV-6B and adenovirus-41F in severely affected cases requiring liver transplants.
- The end of COVID lockdowns likely exposed children to infections they hadn’t encountered before, potentially leading to abnormal immune responses and serious complications.
- A case series highlighted three infants with primary HHV-6B infection who developed acute hepatitis and liver failure, underscoring the lethal potential of these common viruses in young children with immature immune systems.
How to differentiate skin rash in covid, mononucleosis, chickenpox, sixth disease and measles.
Curr Opin Infect Dis
April 2023
Institute of Dermatology, 'Santa Maria della Misericordia' University Hospital, Udine, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- The review focuses on skin rashes associated with COVID-19, which often resemble other infectious dermatoses like chickenpox and measles, leading to potential misdiagnoses.
- It summarizes clinical patterns of COVID-19 rashes, specifically maculopapular and vesicular types, highlighting key differences from other viral skin eruptions.
- Recognizing these unique features can aid clinicians in accurately identifying COVID-19-related skin issues for more effective management of the infection.
Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood With Exanthema Subitum Caused by Human Herpesvirus 7.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
February 2023
Department of General Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Roseola Infantum: An Updated Review.
Curr Pediatr Rev
July 2024
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Background: Roseola infantum is a common viral disease that occurs during childhood worldwide.
Objective: The purpose of this article is to familiarize pediatricians with the clinical manifestations, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of roseola infantum.
Methods: A search was conducted in April, 2022, in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key terms "roseola infantum" OR "exanthem subitum" OR "sixth disease".
Neurological Presentation in Roseola Infantum is Seldom Encephalitis in Immunocompetent Children.
Indian J Pediatr
October 2022
Subintensive Care Unit, Emergency Department, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, 16148, Italy.
Human herpes simplex virus-6 (HHV-6) detection and seroprevalence among Qatari nationals and immigrants residing in Qatar.
IJID Reg
March 2022
Biomedical Research Centre, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the prevalence of human herpes simplex virus-6 (HHV-6) among healthy blood donors in Qatar, highlighting limited existing data in the MENA region and Asia overall.
- - Out of 620 donors tested, 71.7% showed signs of past HHV-6 infection through the presence of anti-HHV-6 IgG, while 24.3% had detectable HHV-6 in their blood, indicating a weak link between IgG positivity and actual viraemia.
- - The findings suggested that Qatar's HHV-6 seroprevalence rates are comparable to those observed globally, with no significant demographic differences noted except for nationality.
A Rare Case of HHV-6 Encephalitis in an Immunocompetent Host: Case Report and Literature Review.
Cureus
March 2022
Internal Medicine, St. Joseph's Regional Medical Center, Paterson, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) causes roseola infantum in children and can lead to serious neurological issues like encephalitis in both kids and adults, particularly those with weakened immune systems.
- A rare case of HHV-6 encephalitis was reported in a healthy 26-year-old male, where the virus was identified in his cerebrospinal fluid using quantitative PCR.
- The patient responded well to treatment with ganciclovir, highlighting the need for awareness about HHV-6's effects even in otherwise healthy adults.
Changes in Exanthema Subitum Incidence and Patient Age Distribution During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
March 2022
From the Department of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- During the COVID-19 pandemic, rates of most community-acquired infectious diseases dropped, except for exanthema subitum in Niigata, Japan.
- The incidence of exanthema subitum remained consistent between 2016-2019 and 2020, despite a decrease in cases among children under 1 year old in 2020.
- The study indicates that exanthema subitum is likely spread more within families rather than through community interactions.
Incidence of common infectious diseases in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.
PLoS One
January 2022
Department of Infectious, Respiratory and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, Japan.
Recent reports indicate that respiratory infectious diseases were suppressed during the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 led to behavioral changes aimed to control droplet transmission or contact transmission. In this study, we examined the incidence of common infectious diseases in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Spectrum of Neurological Manifestations of Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection in Children.
Cureus
August 2021
Department of Infectious Diseases, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, ARE.
Article Synopsis
- Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), specifically the HHV-6B species, is linked to most primary infections and reactivation events.
- A case series revealed three instances of HHV-6 encephalitis in children aged 9 months to 2 years, all showing the virus in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), including two immunocompetent cases.
- The study emphasizes the need for HHV-6 to be considered in differential diagnoses for central nervous system infections in children and supports using CSF HHV-6 PCR tests for accurate detection and timely treatment.
Pityriasis rosea-like cutaneous eruption as a possible dermatological manifestation after Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine: Case report and brief literature review.
Dermatol Ther
November 2021
Infectious Disease Specialist - Department of Infectiology Diagnosis, State Program STI/AIDS Reference and Training Center of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Pityriasis rosea (PR) has been observed in patients with COVID-19 and after receiving vaccines, potentially linked to the HHV-6B virus.
- A case study of a 53-year-old woman showed PR symptoms 15 days post second dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine, leading to multiple lesions over five weeks.
- Treatment with l-Lysine and a moisturizing lotion resulted in a decrease in new lesions and improved healing, suggesting that vaccination could potentially activate a latent virus in some patients.
Spontaneous remission of West syndrome associated with acute infection and fever in five patients.
Epilepsy Res
August 2021
Department of Neurology, Hospital Materno Infantil Salta, Argentina. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted on 198 patients with West syndrome (WS) at a pediatric neurology center in Argentina from June 2004 to June 2017, focusing on spontaneous remission cases after viral infections.
- Among these patients, five children (four boys and one girl) showed spontaneous remission of their epileptic spasms (ES) following respiratory infections, with varying unknown etiologies.
- The findings suggest that viral infections might trigger spontaneous remission in WS patients, indicating a potential area for further research on treatment and outcomes.
Reduced impact of viral load of HHV-6 in liquor on severity of AESD due to exanthema subitum: A case report and literature review.
Brain Dev
September 2021
Department of Neurology, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- HHV-6 is identified as the most common cause of a condition called acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD), but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.* -
- A case study presents a twelve-month-old girl with AESD due to HHV-6, who was treated successfully without antiviral medications, utilizing temperature management and vitamin supplements.* -
- The study highlights a lack of research on the relationship between HHV-6 viral load and outcomes in AESD patients, revealing that higher viral loads were observed in cases with better prognoses, contrasting with those having poor outcomes.*
Incidence of Kawasaki disease before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study in Japan.
BMJ Paediatr Open
February 2022
Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers analyzed data from 2016 to 2020, finding a significant drop in KD cases starting in April 2020, with KD incidences during the pandemic period being 40% of the pre-pandemic averages.
- * The results suggest a clear association between the decrease in KD cases and the drop in other infectious diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic, although no cases of KD were directly linked to COVID-19 in children.
Roseola Infantum During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol
January 2022
Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Introduction: Roseola infantum is always considered to be among the differential diagnosis of young patients with fever and leukopenia whom to be strictly isolated with the preliminary diagnosis of COVID-19 until otherwise proven during the pandemic.
Results: Human herpes virus-6 (HHV-6) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) blood test was performed in 4 of 7 patients with a clinical diagnosis of roseola infantum and all found to be HHV-6 PCR positive. The most striking laboratory finding in all patients was leukopenia.