Strontium isoscape of sub-Saharan Africa allows tracing origins of victims of the transatlantic slave trade.

Strontium isotope (Sr/Sr) analysis with reference to strontium isotope landscapes (Sr isoscapes) allows reconstructing mobility and migration in archaeology, ecology, and forensics. However, despite the vast potential of research involving Sr/Sr analysis particularly in Africa, Sr isoscapes remain unavailable for the largest parts of the continent. Here, we measure the Sr/Sr ratios in 778 environmental samples from 24 African countries and combine this data with published data to model a bioavailable Sr isoscape for sub-Saharan Africa using random forest regression.

Young RAES Minimally Invasive Surgery Training and Education Survey in Romania.

minimally invasive surgery is the surgery of the present and has become the "gold standard" for the most pathologies. The training of surgeons in minimally invasive techniques is mandatory required to be carried out during the residency program. In Romania, there is no national minimally invasive surgical training program, only universities and certain university hospitals are concerned with this aspect.

Laparoscopy in Abdominal Emergencies. Romanian Association for Endoscopic Surgery Consensus. Part I (Trauma).

laparoscopy has emerged as a pivotal tool for the management of acute abdominal pathologies. It provides diagnostic and therapeutic advantages, enabling surgeons to evaluate and address diverse acute abdominal conditions using minimally invasive techniques. The aim of this consensus was to obtain evidence-based guidance for surgeons regarding the utilization of laparoscopy in emergency medical settings, and has been divided into trauma and non-trauma emergencies.

Transamination of Zwitterionic Quinones with Polyamines: The Carbon Bridge Matters.

The one-pot transamination reactions on a zwitterionic benzoquinonemonoimine yield either a quinoxaline derivative or bis-zwitterionic macrocycles, depending on the number of carbon atoms bridging primary polyamines. These latter products, featuring two confined donor cavities, are the result of a [2 + 2] condensation without the need for template effect or high dilution conditions.

Fracture toughness of cancellous iliac bone.

Background: Cancellous bone mechanical properties are directly linked to structural integrity, which is a result of bone quantity, the quality of its bone matrix, and its microarchitecture. Several studies highlighted the bone behavior under specific loads, contributing to understanding risk factors and developing more effective therapeutic strategies. The anatomy and stability of iliac bone fractures, providing insight into pelvic trauma management.

Quantitative lameness assessment in horses by using an accelerometer-based simple device: A preliminary study.

Background: Global technological advancements have shifted equine lameness diagnostics from purely subjective assessment toward more objective, quantitative methods. Traditional gait evaluations are increasingly being supplemented by innovative technologies to enhance diagnostic accuracy.

Aim: This study aimed to determine if traditional gait assessment could be effectively complemented by quantitative measurements using an affordable, self-constructed device, the Lameness Detector 0.

Regulations of activities and protection levels in marine protected areas of the European Union: A dataset compiled from multiple data sources.

The dataset gathers available regulations of human activities and protection levels of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of the European Union (EU). The MPA list and polygons were extracted from the MPA database of the European Environment Agency (EEA) and completed with available zoning systems (all were filtered for their marine area reported under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive). Fully-overlapping MPAs were merged.

Scrutinizing neurodegenerative diseases: decoding the complex genetic architectures through a multi-omics lens.

Neurodegenerative diseases present complex genetic architectures, reflecting a continuum from monogenic to oligogenic and polygenic models. Recent advances in multi-omics data, coupled with systems genetics, have significantly refined our understanding of how these data impact neurodegenerative disease mechanisms. To contextualize these genetic discoveries, we provide a comprehensive critical overview of genetic architecture concepts, from Mendelian inheritance to the latest insights from oligogenic and omnigenic models.

Enhanced solar light photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline by aero-GaN and ZnO microtetrapods functionalized with noble metal nanodots.

The escalating global problem of antibiotic contamination in wastewater demands innovative and sustainable remediation technologies. This paper presents a highly efficient photocatalytic material for water purification: a three-dimensional ultra-porous structure of interconnected GaN hollow microtetrapods (aero-GaN), its performance being further enhanced by noble metal nanodot functionalization. This novel aero-nanomaterial achieves more than 90 % of tetracycline degradation within 120 min under UV and solar irradiation, demonstrating its effectiveness in both static and dynamic flow conditions, with the potential for reuse and recyclability.

The Role of Medical Helicopter and Ground Medical Crews in Polytrauma Management: An Evaluative Perspective.

Introduction: Polytrauma remains a major global health challenge, with rapid intervention being critical for survival, especially during the "Golden Hour". This study examines the impact of Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) on procedural care during the transfer of polytraumatized patients to urban hospitals in Romania.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the County Emergency Hospital "St.

Relevance of diet in schizophrenia: a review focusing on prenatal nutritional deficiency, obesity, oxidative stress and inflammation.

Background/objectives: Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including dietary habits. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Emerging research suggests that diet may affect schizophrenia through different biological mechanisms beyond oxidative stress and inflammation.

Shedding light on DNA methylation and its clinical implications: the impact of long-read-based nanopore technology.

DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mechanism for regulation of gene expression, through which many physiological (X-chromosome inactivation, genetic imprinting, chromatin structure and miRNA regulation, genome defense, silencing of transposable elements) and pathological processes (cancer and repetitive sequences-associated diseases) are regulated. Nanopore sequencing has emerged as a novel technique that can analyze long strands of DNA (long-read sequencing) without chemically treating the DNA. Interestingly, nanopore sequencing can also extract epigenetic status of the nucleotides (including both 5-Methylcytosine and 5-hydroxyMethylcytosine), and a large variety of bioinformatic tools have been developed for improving its detection properties.

The Molecular Bacterial Load Assay predicts treatment responses in patients with pre-XDR/XDR-tuberculosis more accurately than GeneXpert Ultra MTB/Rif.

Objectives: Early detection of treatment failure is essential to improve the management of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). We evaluated the molecular bacterial load assay (MBLA) in comparison to standard diagnostic tests for monitoring therapy of patients affected by drug-resistant TB.

Methods: The performance of MBLA in tracking treatment response in a prospective cohort of patients with pulmonary MDR/RR- and pre-XDR/XDR-TB was compared with mycobacterial culture, mycobacterial DNA detection using GeneXpert (Xpert) and microscopy detection of sputum acid-fast-bacilli.

Effectiveness of 8-week Treatment with Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir in Treatment-naïve or -experienced HCV Patients: Results from an Observational Retrospective Study in Real-life Settings (ODYSSEY).

Background And Aims: Pan-genotypic ribavirin-free oral direct-acting antivirals, including the glecaprevir/pibrentasvir combination, are recommended for the treatment of most patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In Romania, the HCV-infected patient population receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is not well characterized and data on treatment effectiveness is lacking. The ODYSSEY study aimed to provide insights into the characteristics and treatment outcomes of HCV-infected Romanian patients receiving 8-week therapy with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir.

Aero-TiO three-dimensional nanoarchitecture for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline.

One of the biggest issues of wide bandgap semiconductor use in photocatalytic wastewater treatment is the reusability of the material and avoiding the contamination of water with the material itself. In this paper, we report on a novel TiO aeromaterial (aero-TiO) consisting of hollow microtetrapods with ZnTiO inclusions. Atomic layer deposition has been used to obtain particles of unique shape allowing them to interlock thereby protecting the photocatalyst from erosion and damage when incorporated in active filters.

Four SNPs in the untranslated region of the NOTCH2 gene involved in reproductive traits in fertile and anestrum Holstein Friesian cattle.

Background: There are no studies belong NOTCH2 gene polymorphism in relation to reproductive and productive traits in Holstein cattle. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of NOTCH2 gene polymorphisms on productive and reproductive performance of fertile and anestrum cattle.

Methods: The cattle were classified into anestrus for 3-12 months postpartum (n = 115, 37.

Antisense oligonucleotides-based approaches for the treatment of multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM), a hematological malignancy which affects the monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, is in rising incidence around the world, accounting for approximately 2 % of newly diagnosed cancer cases in the US, Australia, and Western Europe. Despite the progress made in the last few years in the available therapeutic options (e.g.

Digital phenotyping from heart rate dynamics: Identification of zero-poles models with data-driven evolutionary learning.

Heart rate response to physical activity is widely investigated in clinical and training practice, as it provides information on a person's physical state. For emerging digital phenotyping approaches, there is a need for individualized model estimation. In this study, we propose a zero-poles model and a data-driven evolutionary learning method for identification.

Perioperative Changes in Serum Transaminases Levels Predicts Long-Term Survival Following Liver Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: We sought to define whether and how hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) as manifested by perioperative aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels impact long-term outcomes after curative-intent resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: Intrasplenic injection of HCC cells was used to establish a murine model of HCC recurrence with versus without I/R injury. Patients who underwent curative resection for HCC were identified from a multi-institutional derivative cohort (DC) and separate external validation (VC) cohort.

Addressing the role of surgery in brain tumour trials: A report from the neurosurgery committee of the EORTC brain tumour group.

The Brain Tumor Group (BTG) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) conducts academic clinical trials and translational research to improve clinical management of patients with primary and secondary brain tumors. The EORTC BTG has traditionally played an important role in providing evidence and thus advancing the field, albeit with a main focus on radiotherapy and pharmacotherapy in gliomas. Although examples of well-designed neuro-oncological surgical trials can be found, evidence in surgical neuro-oncology predominantly includes data from uncontrolled prospective series or retrospective cohorts.

Real-World Treatment Patterns and Healthcare Resource Use for Patients with Myelofibrosis: Results from the METER Study.

Myelofibrosis (MF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that was most commonly treated with hydroxyurea (HU) prior to approval of ruxolitinib (RUX), now the standard of care. Factors that influence changes in MF treatment in real-world settings are not well understood. The METER study (NCT05444972) was a multi-country retrospective chart review of MF treatment patterns, treatment effectiveness, and healthcare resource utilization.

Intestinal Osteosarcoma with Liver Metastasis in a Dog with a History of Recurrent Cotton-Based Toy Fragment Ingestion.

Canine extraskeletal osteosarcomas are mesenchymal, osteoid producing tumors that can arise in soft tissues without initial involvement of the bones. An 8-year-old intact male Beagle dog presented with anorexia, abdominal pain, intermittent vomiting and melena. The patient had a history of recurrent ingestion of cotton based-toy fragments, but no prior surgical procedures involving the abdominal cavity.