High target prevalence may reduce the spread of attention during search tasks.

Target prevalence influences many cognitive processes during visual search, including target detection, search efficiency, and item processing. The present research investigated whether target prevalence may also impact the spread of attention during search. Relative to low-prevalence searches, high-prevalence searches typically yield higher fixation counts, particularly during target-absent trials.

A Pharmacist-Assisted Initiative to Improve Chronic Pain Management and Reduce Opioid Use in Primary Care.

- Since publication of the 2016 CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain, there have been growing concerns that providers, including those in primary care, are tapering opioids too quickly and without concomitant use of non-opioid strategies for pain, leading to inadequate pain management. As a result, in November 2022 the CDC published Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prescribing Opioids for Pain, emphasizing the importance of creating comprehensive care plans for pain management and developing a consensual plan between provider and patient when tapering opioids. Determine the impact of a pharmacist-assisted approach aimed at helping primary care providers minimize opioid use while improving management of chronic, non-malignant pain (CNMP).

Sound power of NASA's lunar rockets: Space Launch System versus Saturn V.

To improve acoustical models of super heavy-lift launch vehicles, this Letter reports Space Launch System's (SLS's) overall sound power level (OAPWL) and compares it to NASA's past lunar rocket, the Saturn V. Measurements made 1.4-1.

Gender as a moderating variable in online misinformation acceptance during COVID-19.

Misinformation remained a critical consideration during the COVID-19 that further cultivated fears leading to strong unrest among the public globally. This study clarifies certain misconceptions related to the pandemic by investigating whether factors such as altruism, entertainment, information-sharing, information-seeking, comprehensibility have impact on COVID-19 misinformation acceptance and sharing it in the UAE culture, with gender as a moderating factor. An online survey (google.

Using personal writings to detect dementia: A text mining approach.

A novel text mining pilot for dementia detection using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) was tested on public figures' writings looking at word choice and affect compared to those with and without dementia. The differences found in this analysis mirror the expected patterns where writings of people with dementia reflect significantly more analytical thinking words, but significantly less authentic and emotional tone. In addition, the analysis found that people with dementia use significantly less functional words, such as grammar, and affections (happiness, sadness, anger, sadness), but tend to use significantly more pronouns in their writings.

NRE1 and IRC24 Encode Paralogous Benzil Oxidoreductases.

Irc24p is a benzil oxidoreductase encoded on chromosome IX of . We identified a putative paralog, Nre1p, encoded 284 bp downstream. Both proteins are small, cytoplasmic, and are 52% identical (70% similar).

Hereditary Angioedema.

The authors present the case of a 22-year-old female who reported having a persistent sore throat. The patient had a history of recurring episodes of hereditary angioedema and arrived at the emergency department with her C1-esterase inhibitor. The epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment strategies are presented.

Tyrosinase Inhibitors: A Perspective.

Due to its integral role in the biosynthesis of melanin in all kingdoms of life, tyrosinase has become an extremely important target for inhibition in several sectors of research including agricultural and cosmetic research. Inhibitors of tyrosinase have made it to the market in the cosmetics industry, but their use has been limited due to conflicting efficacy and potential toxicity, which has led to several small molecules being removed from the market. Undaunted, researchers have continued to pursue tyrosinase inhibitors with varying degrees of success.

A Comparison of Baseline Procedures in Task Analyses.

Several methods for assessing baseline performance in chained tasks have been outlined in the literature, including the fixed-opportunity probe (FOP) and the multiple-opportunity probe (MOP). Concerns have been raised regarding how each of these methods might change the baseline performance of a task, affecting the interpretation of experimental control. The purpose of the current study was to conduct a within-subject comparison of both the FOP and MOP procedures for children with autism performing daily living and self-care skills.

Developmental differences in reported speech and internal state language in preschoolers' personal narratives.

The present study explored developmental differences in preschoolers' use of reported speech and internal state language in personal narratives. Three-, four-, and five-year-olds attending a laboratory preschool shared 204 stories about 'a time when you were happy/sad'. Stories were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded for reported speech (direct, indirect, narrativized) and internal state language (cognitive states, total emotion terms, unique emotion terms).

Adverse childhood experiences and insecure attachment: The indirect effects of dissociation and emotion regulation difficulties.

Objective: Difficulties with dissociation and emotion regulation are well-documented reactions to early adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Although findings identify dissociation and emotion dysregulation as explaining the relationship between various forms of ACEs and adult psychopathology, less is known about their combined effect in the relationship between ACEs and insecure attachment in adulthood. This study examined the indirect effects of dissociation and emotion regulation difficulties in the relationship between early adverse experiences and insecure attachment traits.

Twenty-year record of white pox disease in the Florida Keys: importance of environmental risk factors as drivers of coral health.

Declining coral populations worldwide place a special premium on identifying risks and drivers that precipitate these declines. Understanding the relationship between disease outbreaks and their drivers can help to anticipate when the risk of a disease pandemic is high. Populations of the iconic branching Caribbean elkhorn coral Acropora palmata have collapsed in recent decades, in part due to white pox disease (WPX).

Analysis of the rat chorda tympani nerve response to "super salty" sodium carbonate.

In behavioral experiments, rats perceive sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) as super salty. In fact, when the dissociated Na+ ions are accounted for, rats perceive Na2CO3 as 5× saltier than equinormal concentrations of NaCl. The chorda tympani nerve (CT) responds to salts through at least two receptor mechanisms and is a model system for understanding how salt taste is transmitted to the brain.

The behavior of standing waves near the end of an open pipe with low mean flow.

The acoustic standing wave near the end of an open pipe is investigated using spectrally analyzed high-speed transmission electronic speckle pattern interferometry. It is shown that the standing wave extends beyond the open end of the pipe and the amplitude decays exponentially with distance from the end. Additionally, a pressure node is observed near the end of the pipe in a position that is not spatially periodic with the other nodes in the standing wave.

Assessing chronic stress in wild mammals using claw-derived cortisol: a validation using European badgers ().

Measuring stress experienced by wild mammals is increasingly important in the context of human-induced rapid environmental change and initiatives to mitigate human-wildlife conflicts. Glucocorticoids (GC), such as cortisol, mediate responses by promoting physiological adjustments during environmental perturbations. Measuring cortisol is a popular technique; however, this often reveals only recent short-term stress such as that incurred by restraining the animal to sample blood, corrupting the veracity of this approach.

Gradual Change Procedures in Behavior Analysis.

A wide variety of procedures within behavior analysis use gradual change in stimuli, response requirements, reinforcement, or some combination thereof, to effectively change behavior. Such procedures include shaping, thinning, fading, and chaining. Collectively, gradual change procedures represent a conceptually systematic technology of behavior change with wide-ranging empirical support across diverse settings and contexts.

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) occurs when there is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid due to impeded flow or excess production, resulting in gait and memory impairment and urinary incontinence. The authors present the case of a 67-year-old male, who had symptoms for a year prior to being diagnosed. His neurological exam was significant for a slow, and unsteady wide-based gait.

Space Launch System acoustics: Far-field noise measurements of the Artemis-I launch.

To improve understanding of super heavy-lift rocket acoustics, this letter documents initial findings from noise measurements during liftoff of the Space Launch System's Artemis-I mission. Overall sound pressure levels, waveform characteristics, and spectra are described at distances ranging from 1.5 to 5.

Women's Metaphors About BRCA Gene Testing and How They Can Inform Health Communication Theory and Practice.

Genetic testing can detect whether an individual carries a harmful variant in the or (Breast Cancer 1 or 2) gene which, if present, drastically increases a woman's risk for breast and ovarian cancer. The experience of BRCA gene testing can be an emotionally laden process yielding significant uncertainty. In this study, we examined women's experiences of BRCA gene testing by exploring how participants communicatively framed and made sense of this process through the use of metaphors.

Coworker abuse in healthcare: voices of mistreated workers.

Purpose: The appalling abuse healthcare workers have endured from patients is long documented in the popular press and social media. Less explored in the healthcare management literature is workplace abuse that professional nurses experience from their coworkers.

Design/methodology/approach: The authors use text-based first-hand accounts from nurses posting on Reddit ( = 75) to better understand the types and context of abusive acts endured by their coworkers in the contemporary healthcare setting.

Ethylene Dimerization and Oligomerization Using Bis(phosphino)boryl Supported Ni Complexes.

We report the dimerization and oligomerization of ethylene using bis(phosphino)boryl supported Ni(II) complexes as catalyst precursors. By using alkylaluminum(III) compounds or other Lewis acid additives, Ni(II) complexes of the type (PBP)NiBr (R = Bu or Ph) show activity for the production of butenes and higher olefins. Optimized turnover frequencies of 640 mol·mol·s for the formation of butenes with 41(1)% selectivity for 1-butene using (PBP)NiBr, and 68 mol·mol·s for butenes production with 87.

Do zoom meetings really help? A comparative analysis of synchronous and asynchronous online learning during Covid-19 pandemic.

Background: Online learning and teaching were globally popularized due to the impact of Covid-19. The pandemic has made both synchronous and asynchronous online learning inevitable in regions privileged with the technological affordance.

Aims: This study was designed to examine and compare the effectiveness of both learning modes through the Community of Inquiry framework.

Success4life Youth Empowerment for Promoting Well-being and Boosting Mental Health: Protocol for an Experimental Study.

Background: There is an increasingly alarming worsening of mental health among the youth. There remain significant unmet needs for developing innovative, evidence-based technology-enhanced, positive psychology interventions (PPIs) all-inclusive in targeting psychological distress and risk factors related to high-risk behavior commonly encountered in adolescents.

Objective: We aim to assess the effectiveness of a hybrid (incorporating both synchronous and asynchronous learning) and holistic (targeting social and emotional learning and tackling risk factors unique for this age group) PPI, "success4life youth empowerment," in improving well-being in the youth.