Abnormal carbon monoxide diffusion capacity in COVID-19 patients at time of hospital discharge.

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Cluster analysis based clinical profiling of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis patients according to comorbidities evident prior to diagnosis: a single-center observational study.

Background: The characterization and clinical profiling of people affected by Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), based on clinical events occurring prior to the diagnosis of the fibrotic disease, may facilitate the understanding of events and comorbidities that occur before the diagnosis of IPF and aid in identifying patients at an earlier stage of the disease.

Methods: In this observational study, a cohort of 96 patients, obtained from a community-based pulmonary clinic, were studied retrospectively. These patients were diagnosed with IPF between January 2008 and November 2016, based on findings on lung biopsy and/or high-resolution CT.

Ventilatory compensation during the incremental exercise test is inversely correlated with air trapping in COPD.

Air trapping and gas exchange abnormalities are major causes of exercise limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). During incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing, actual nadir values of ventilatory equivalents for carbon dioxide (V /VCO ) and oxygen (V /VO ) may be difficult to identify in COPD patients because of limited ventilatory compensation capacity. Therefore, we aimed in this exploratory study to detect a possible correlation between the magnitude of ventilation augmentation, as manifested by increments in ventilatory equivalents from nadir to peak exercise values and air trapping, detected with static testing.

Increased energy expenditure during posture maintenance and exercise in early Parkinson disease.

Background: Evidence for the effects of Parkinson disease on energy expenditure is incomplete and contradictory. A number of studies showed increased resting energy expenditure among patients with Parkinson disease whereas others did not. It was hypothesized that energy expenditure increases during exercise, based on findings in patients with a variable regime of anti-parkinsonian therapies and at different stages of the disease.

Interpreting the Incremental Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test.

The incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is an increasingly used diagnostic method that serves to evaluate patients with chief complaint of dyspnea during exercise. Performing maximal symptom-limited CPET can show if the tested subject has a reduced exercise capacity and give clues to the mechanism of such exercise capacity reduction, cardiac, pulmonary, or pulmonary vascular source. In this review, it is suggested that the evaluation of the complex results of CPET should be performed by first determining if myocardial/circulatory insufficiency is present and second if there is gas exchange abnormality.

Publication bias in the pulmonary/allergy literature: effect of pharmaceutical company sponsorship.

Background: A publication bias exists towards positive results in studies funded by pharmaceutical companies.

Objectives: To determine whether drug studies in the pulmonary/allergy literature also demonstrate a publication bias towards more favorable results when a pharmaceutical company funds the study.

Methods: We reviewed all original articles published in seven pulmonary and allergy journals between October 2002 and September 2003.