HIF-1α and VEGF Immunophenotypes as Potential Biomarkers in the Prognosis and Evaluation of Treatment Efficacy of Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and its related vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may play a significant role in atherosclerosis and their targeting is a strategic approach that may affect multiple pathways influencing disease progression. This study aimed to perform a systematic review to reveal current evidence on the role of HIF-1α and VEGF immunophenotypes with other prognostic markers as potential biomarkers of atherosclerosis prognosis and treatment efficacy.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of the current literature to explore the role of HIF-1α and VEGF protein expression along with the relation to the prognosis and therapeutic strategies of atherosclerosis.

Dysregulated Clot Mechanics and Kinetics Impacted by Injury Severity, Predict Mortality After Trauma.

Introduction: Coagulopathy following traumatic injury impairs stable blood clot formation and exacerbates mortality from hemorrhage. Understanding how these alterations impact blood clot stability is critical to improving resuscitation. Furthermore, the incorporation of machine learning algorithms to assess clinical markers, coagulation assays and biochemical assays allows us to define the contributions of these factors to mortality.

Gender differences in early posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: a network analysis.

Despite known gender/sex differences in the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), potential differences in the associations among PTSD symptoms between men and women in the early post-trauma period are not well-characterized. This study utilized network analysis to assess potential differences in the associations among PTSD symptom clusters between men and women during the early post-trauma period. We included  = 475 participants (57.

The clinical impact of recent amphetamine exposure in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.

Background: Amphetamines possess sympathomimetic properties that can affect cerebral vasculature though conflicting reports exist about their effect on vasospasm risk and clinical outcomes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. This study aimed to characterize the impact of recent amphetamine use on vasospasm development in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage as well as neurological outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively screened 441 consecutive patients admitted with a diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent at least one cerebral digital subtraction angiogram.

Brain-derived textiloma post glioblastoma resection and application of oxidized regenerated cellulose: A pilot, bedside-to-bench, translational study.

Oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC; marketed as Surgicel® and Tabotamp®) is routinely used as an intraoperative hemostatic agent. Rarely, residual ORC has been associated with a foreign body reaction generating cystic or granulomatous lesions (i.e.

Generative Artificial Intelligence in Anatomic Pathology.

Context.—: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in various fields, including anatomic pathology, where it offers the potential to significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy, workflow efficiency, and research capabilities.

Objective.

Safety and Tolerability of Pivmecillinam During More Than Four Decades of Clinical Experience: A Systematic Review.

The recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of pivmecillinam-an oral prodrug of the amidinopenicillin antibiotic mecillinam-presents a valuable opportunity to address the need for new treatments for uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI). We report findings of a systematic literature review of the safety profile of pivmecillinam/mecillinam based on more than 40 years' experience, mainly in Europe and Canada, to describe its tolerability profile and identify any important safety signals. In total, 110 eligible publications were identified describing use of pivmecillinam/mecillinam as monotherapy or in combination, for treatment of uUTI or other infectious conditions.

Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Secondary to a Gastric Duplication Cyst in a 15-Month-Old Girl: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Gastric duplication is a rare congenital disorder of the alimentary tract, and anemia is a rare presenting clinical sign of gastric duplication cysts (GDC). There are two reported cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia as a paraneoplastic presentation of gastric duplication in the adult population, but there have not yet been any reported cases of this in childhood. We report the first case in the pediatric patient population: the case of GDC presenting as autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a 15-month-old girl.

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Who Is At Risk?

Introduction: Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a rare but well recognized complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with increased morbidity and poor clinical outcomes. There is a scarcity of literature describing the prevalence and risk factors associated with this complication. The aim of this study was to identify patients who are at risk of developing TCM in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Outpatient surgical institutions in the rural United States: Trends from 2010 to 2020.

Background: The volume and proportion of surgeries occurring in outpatient settings has increased. However, the growth and distribution of outpatient surgical institutions, namely ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) and hospital-based outpatient surgical departments (HOPDs), remains understudied in rural areas.

Methods: We used descriptive statistics and a multivariate logistic regression to assess the growth and distribution of ASCs and HOPDs in rural areas from 2010 to 2020, leveraging the Area Health Resources Files and American Community Survey.

Individualized transfusion decisions to minimize adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and anemia.

Background: Risk-benefit tradeoffs between restrictive versus liberal red blood cell transfusion strategies may vary across individuals. This exploratory analysis aimed to derive and evaluate individualized treatment effects of defined transfusion strategies in patients with acute MI and anemia with the goal of minimizing adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods: This study analyzed 3,447 (98.

Building Family Medicine Research Through Community Engagement: Leveraging Federal Awards to Develop Infrastructure.

Many academic departments and programs struggle with the challenge of how to begin a meaningful research program. A useful place to start is with the work they already are doing in communities. Using work in practices and other clinical venues as a springboard can build helpful relationships that can catalyze research and build infrastructure that matters to family medicine clinicians, researchers, and the communities they serve.

Adjuvant radiation therapy is not associated with a survival benefit after R0 resection in non-metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma.

The benefit of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is not well characterized for those who undergo initial R0 surgical resection. Patients in the NCDB who underwent R0 resection were placed into two cohorts - those who underwent adjuvant RT and those who did not. 388 patients were identified with 51 receiving RT.

Derivation and Validation of D-RISK: An Electronic Health Record-Driven Risk Score to Detect Undiagnosed Dysglycemia in Clinical Practice.

Objective: We derive and validate D-RISK, an electronic health record (EHR)-driven risk score to optimize and facilitate screening for undiagnosed dysglycemia (prediabetes + diabetes) in clinical practice.

Research Design And Methods: We used retrospective EHR data (derivation sample) and a prospective diabetes screening study (validation sample) to develop D-RISK. Logistic regression with backward selection was used to predict dysglycemia (HbA1c ≥5.

Describing ZYN-related content on TikTok: content analysis.

Introduction: Nicotine pouches are the fastest-growing oral smokeless tobacco or nicotine product category in the United States, and there are concerns about their potential appeal to youth. Few studies have surveilled discussions about nicotine pouches on TikTok, an audiovisual platform popular among youth. To address this gap, this study conducted a content analysis of TikTok posts related to the leading nicotine pouch brand, ZYN.

Effectiveness of oral vancomycin as prophylaxis against infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients.

Objective: Patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) are at increased risk for infection (CDI). The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of oral vancomycin prophylaxis (OVP) for CDI in HSCT patients.

Design: Single-center, retrospective cohort.

Effects of a Serotonin Receptor Peptide on Behavioral Pattern Separation in Sham- vs. Mild Traumatic Brain Injured Rats.

Aims: Behavioral pattern separation is a hippocampal-dependent component of episodic memory and a sensitive marker of early cognitive decline. Here we tested whether mild traumatic injury causes loss of pattern separation in the rat and for its prevention by a novel neuroprotective peptide fragment of the human serotonin 2A receptor (SN..

Hunger Strikes After Restricted Housing Reform.

Hunger strikes are a common occurrence in carceral settings accompanied by serious health risks and intensive health care utilization. A 2017 study on hunger strikes within the New Jersey Department of Corrections found these events most often occurred in a disciplinary setting. We undertook this study after a new state law, the Isolated Confinement Restriction Act (ICRA), improved conditions of confinement in part by reducing the utilization, nature, and duration of disciplinary housing.

Associations among externalizing psychopathology, personality, and behavioral traits: Models of an externalizing spectrum in youth.

Consistent evidence has documented the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of externalizing psychopathology with personality and behavioral traits, suggesting the presence of a broad, underlying liability to externalizing. In one of the first studies of its kind, we use a large, representative sample of youth ( = 2,245 twins and their siblings) to evaluate the evidence of an externalizing spectrum model, which includes psychopathology, personality, and behavioral traits and spans normal and pathological variation. We examine evidence for the inclusion of 15 candidate traits, from the domains of general and pathological personality, temperament, and aggression, in a model that includes dimensions of common childhood externalizing psychopathology.

Utilizing the DiSC Assessment in Surgical Residency Leadership Training to Address Communication Skill Acquisition: A Kern Six-step Approach to Curriculum Development.

Objective: Effective communication is essential in delivering high-quality patient care, and in recent years, resident education has expanded to focus on nontechnical skills and communication training. The "Everything DiSC" model is a communication inventory tool used to help employers and employees gain insight into how an individual may communicate within a team and how others may perceive similarities and differences in communication styles, comprising of Dominance (D), Influence (i), Steadiness (S), and Conscientiousness (C). In this report, we describe our experience mapping the DiSC model to the Kern 6-step framework for curriculum development and summarize residents' feedback several years following its implementation.

Optimizing the Use of Computed Tomography for Appendicitis Diagnosis in the Pediatric Emergency Department Through the Quality Improvement Methodology.

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of an acute abdomen among pediatric patients. The diagnosis of appendicitis is challenging due to the nonspecific presentation. Diagnosis is based on historical, physical, and serologic information as well as right lower quadrant ultrasound (RLQ US).

Auditory decision-making deficits after permanent noise-induced hearing loss.

Loud noise exposure is one of the leading causes of permanent hearing loss. Individuals with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) suffer from speech comprehension deficits and experience impairments to cognitive functions such as attention and decision-making. Here, we investigate the specific underlying cognitive processes during auditory perceptual decision-making that are impacted by NIHL.

Perioperative Management, Complications, and Outcomes of Shoulder Arthroplasty in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

» Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) undergoing shoulder arthroplasty (SA) have a unique risk profile, which must be considered by clinicians.» The presence of DM as a comorbidity is associated with longer length of stay following SA, greater likelihood of nonhome discharge, and a higher rate of 90-day readmission.» Though the incidence is low, patients with DM are at an increased risk of serious postoperative cardiovascular complications, such as pulmonary embolism, venous thromboembolism, and myocardial infarction.