Focused on the Family: Development of a Family-Based Intervention Promoting the Transition to Adult Health Care for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

There is minimal evidence for current interventions promoting the transition to adult healthcare for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Few interventions exclusively target modifiable individual and family-based factors that contribute to transition readiness. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of Behavioral Family Systems Therapy for Diabetes Transition (BFST-DT), a virtual family-based transition readiness intervention for adolescents with T1D.

Waveform Optimization for the Detection of Caffeic Acid by Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry.

Caffeic acid is a polyphenol of critical importance in plants, involved in a variety of physiological processes including lignin formation, cellular growth, stress response, and external signaling. This small molecule also acts as a powerful antioxidant and thus has therapeutic potential for a variety of health conditions. Traditional methods of detecting caffeic acid lack appropriate temporal resolution to monitor real time concentration changes on a subsecond time scale with nM detection limits.

Adult's Lived Experience Using the Insulin-Only Bionic Pancreas.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess adults' perspectives after using the insulin-only Bionic Pancreas (BP) during a 13-week pivotal trial. Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems show promise in improving glycemic outcomes and reducing disease burden for those with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Understanding the lived experience of those using the BP can help to inform education and uptake of AID devices.

A novel multimodal, intraoperative cognitive workload assessment of cardiac surgery team members.

Objective: To characterize cognitive workload (CWL) of cardiac surgery team members in a real-world setting during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery using providers' heart rate variability (HRV) data as a surrogate measure of CWL.

Methods: HRV was collected from the surgeon, anesthesiologist, perfusionist, and scrub nurse, and audio/video recordings were made during isolated, nonemergency CABG surgeries (n = 27). Eight surgical phases were annotated by trained researchers, and HRV was calculated for each phase.

Deep Learning Analysis of Surgical Video Recordings to Assess Nontechnical Skills.

Importance: Assessing nontechnical skills in operating rooms (ORs) is crucial for enhancing surgical performance and patient safety. However, automated and real-time evaluation of these skills remains challenging.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of using motion features extracted from surgical video recordings to automatically assess nontechnical skills during cardiac surgical procedures.

Total Synthesis of Lissodendoric Acid A.

We describe a full account of our synthetic strategy leading to the first total synthesis of the manzamine alkaloid lissodendoric acid A . These efforts demonstrate that strained cyclic allenes are valuable synthetic building blocks and can be employed efficiently in total synthesis.

Fipronil Affects Craniofacial and Heart Development in Zebrafish Embryos ().

Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide that has off-target effects in developing vertebrate embryos. In this study, we investigate treatment of zebrafish embryos with fipronil over the course of 5 days and examine the effects on body length, the cardiovascular system, and craniofacial morphology. We found the insecticide caused shorter body length and a decrease in eye size.

β-Estradiol Supplementation Regulates Cholesterol Synthesis Independent of Unsaturated Fat Consumption in Adult Zebrafish.

Obesity is a public health concern resulting in a variety of health complications, including heart disease and insulin resistance. Estrogens have been associated with a reduced risk of obesity, but this relationship remains incompletely understood. We assessed the role of 17β-estradiol (E2) in mitigating complications associated with obesity by supplementing E2 in the diets of overfed zebrafish.

Parent, child, and adolescent lived experience using the insulin-only iLet Bionic Pancreas.

Objective: Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems show great promise for improving glycemic outcomes and reducing disease burden for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The current study examined youth and parent perspectives after using the insulin-only iLet Bionic Pancreas (BP) during the 13-week pivotal trial.

Methods: Parents and youth participated in focus group interviews, with questions assessing participants' experiences in a variety of settings and were grounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology.

Psychosocial Care for Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: Summary of Reviews to Inform Clinical Practice.

The intensive demands of diabetes care can be difficult for youth with type 1 diabetes and their families to integrate into daily life. Standards of care in pediatric diabetes highlight the importance of evidence-based psychosocial interventions to optimize self-management behaviors and psychological well-being. The current review summarizes select systematic reviews and meta-analyses on evidence-based behavioral health interventions in pediatric diabetes.

Behavioral sciences applied to acute care teams: a research agenda for the years ahead by a European research network.

Background: Multi-disciplinary behavioral research on acute care teams has focused on understanding how teams work and on identifying behaviors characteristic of efficient and effective team performance. We aimed to define important knowledge gaps and establish a research agenda for the years ahead of prioritized research questions in this field of applied health research.

Methods: In the first step, high-priority research questions were generated by a small highly specialized group of 29 experts in the field, recruited from the multinational and multidisciplinary "Behavioral Sciences applied to Acute care teams and Surgery (BSAS)" research network - a cross-European, interdisciplinary network of researchers from social sciences as well as from the medical field committed to understanding the role of behavioral sciences in the context of acute care teams.

"What's your accent, where are you from?": Language and belonging among older immigrants.

Researchers have identified immigration and marginalization as two processes that impact older immigrants' experience of aging in the U.S. Our paper draws on 42 interviews with a diverse group of older American immigrants to center issues of language, accent, and Othering.

Recruitment Methods, Inclusion, and Successful Participation in a Longitudinal Clinical Trial Using Ecological Momentary Assessment.

Underrepresentation of historically marginalized populations in clinical trials continues to threaten the validity of health intervention research. Evidence supports the merits of intercept and other proactive forms of recruitment for achieving more equitable representation. However, researchers also report lower retention and adherence to protocols among these populations, particularly in longitudinal studies.

A Longitudinal Examination of Mothers' Early Postnatal Adaptation: Relative Stability Across the First Eight Weeks.

Objective: Using person-centered analyses, this study examined the trajectories of women's early postnatal adaptation and explored whether there were differences in their trajectories based on women's status as a first-time or more experienced mother.

Methods: Data were collected from women (N = 137; M = 28.6 years, SD = 4.

Is Bullying Always about Status? Status Goals, Forms of Bullying, Popularity and Peer Rejection during Adolescence.

Bullying has been associated with status goals among peers, but this research has not distinguished among forms of bullying, nor included actual status or popularity among peers in an integrated analysis. To this aim, in concurrent correlational data, we examined adolescent status goals as predictors of peer-reported physical, verbal, exclusionary and electronic bullying, and these further as predictors of popularity and peer rejection ( = 256; 67.2% girls; age = 12.

Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Order in Active Older Adults: A Qualitative Study.

To reduce the spread of COVID-19, in March of 2020, the state of Virginia issued a stay-at-home order requiring fitness center closures for 2.4 months. The purpose of this study was to explore how the fitness center closures influenced physical activity (PA) in older adults who previously participated in the centers' exercise classes.

Using Digital Biomarkers for Objective Assessment of Perfusionists' Workload and Acute Stress During Cardiac Surgery.

The cardiac operating room (OR) is a high-risk, high-stakes environment inserted into a complex socio-technical healthcare system. During cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), the most critical phase of cardiac surgery, the perfusionist has a crucial role within the interprofessional OR team, being responsible for optimizing patient perfusion while coordinating other tasks with the surgeon, anesthesiologist, and nurses. The aim of this study was to investigate objective digital biomarkers of perfusionists' workload and stress derived from heart rate variability (HRV) metrics captured via a wearable physiological sensor in a real cardiac OR.

Pinoresinol rescues developmental phenotypes of Arabidopsis phenylpropanoid mutants overexpressing .

Most phenylpropanoid pathway flux is directed toward the production of monolignols, but this pathway also generates multiple bioactive metabolites. The monolignols coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol polymerize to form guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S) units in lignin, components that are characteristic of plant secondary cell walls. Lignin negatively impacts the saccharification potential of lignocellulosic biomass.

An Open-Source, Interoperable Architecture for Generating Real-Time Surgical Team Cognitive Alerts from Heart-Rate Variability Monitoring.

Clinical alarm and decision support systems that lack clinical context may create non-actionable nuisance alarms that are not clinically relevant and can cause distractions during the most difficult moments of a surgery. We present a novel, interoperable, real-time system for adding contextual awareness to clinical systems by monitoring the heart-rate variability (HRV) of clinical team members. We designed an architecture for real-time capture, analysis, and presentation of HRV data from multiple clinicians and implemented this architecture as an application and device interfaces on the open-source OpenICE interoperability platform.

Securing the Chain of Custody and Integrity of Data in a Global North-South Partnership to Monitor the Quality of Essential Medicines.

Substandard and falsified (SF) pharmaceuticals account for an estimated 10% of the pharmaceutical supply chain in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where a lack of regulatory and laboratory resources limits the ability to conduct effective post-market surveillance and allows SF products to penetrate the supply chain. The Distributed Pharmaceutical Analysis Laboratory (DPAL) was established in 2014 to expand testing of pharmaceutical dosage forms sourced from LMICs; DPAL is an alliance of academic institutions throughout the United States and abroad that provides high-quality, validated chemical analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms sourced from partners in LMICs. Results from analysis are reported to relevant regulatory agencies and are used to inform purchasing decisions made by in-country stakeholders.

Complement-dependent loss of inhibitory synapses on pyramidal neurons following Toxoplasma gondii infection.

The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii has developed mechanisms to establish a central nervous system infection in virtually all warm-blooded animals. Acute T. gondii infection can cause neuroinflammation, encephalitis, and seizures.

A portable elliptical dichroism spectrometer targeting secondary structural features of tumorous protein for pancreatic cancer detection.

Stereochemical analysis is essential for understanding the complex function of biomolecules. Various direct and indirect approaches can be used to explore the allosteric configuration. However, the size, cost, and delicate nature of these systems limit their biomedical usage.

Surface Water-Groundwater Connections as Pathways for Inland Salinization of Coastal Aquifers.

Coastal agricultural zones are experiencing salinization due to accelerating rates of sea-level rise, causing reduction in crop yields and abandonment of farmland. Understanding mechanisms and drivers of this seawater intrusion (SWI) is key to mitigating its effects and predicting future vulnerability of groundwater resources to salinization. We implemented a monitoring network of pressure and specific conductivity (SC) sensors in wells and surface waters to target marsh-adjacent agricultural areas in greater Dover, Delaware.

Vacancy-Driven Disorder and Elevated Dielectric Response in the Pyrochlore PbNbO.

Lone pair-driven distortions are a hallmark of many technologically important lead (Pb)-based materials. The role of Pb in polar perovskites is well understood and easily manipulated for applications in piezo- and ferroelectricity, but the control of ordered lone pair behavior in Pb-based pyrochlores is less clear. Crystallographically and geometrically more complex than the perovskite structure, the pyrochlore structure is prone to geometric frustration of local dipoles due to a triangular arrangement of cations on a diamond lattice.

The Impacts of the Molecular Education and Research Consortium in Undergraduate Computational Chemistry on the Careers of Women in Computational Chemistry.

The Molecular Education and Research Consortium in Undergraduate Computational Chemistry (MERCURY) has supported a diverse group of faculty and students for over 20 years by providing computational resources as well as networking opportunities and professional support. The consortium comprises 38 faculty (42% women) at 34 different institutions, who have trained nearly 900 undergraduate students, more than two-thirds of whom identify as women and one-quarter identify as students of color. MERCURY provides a model for the support necessary for faculty to achieve professional advancement and career satisfaction.