Different bacterial models for in vitro induction of non-cavitated enamel caries-like lesions: Microhardness and polarized light miscroscopy analyses.

The aim of this study was to compare different bacterial models for in vitro induction of non-cavitated enamel caries-like lesions by microhardness and polarized light microscopy analyses. One hundred blocks of bovine enamel were randomly divided into four groups (n = 25) according to the bacterial model for caries induction: (A) Streptococcus mutans, (B) S. mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, (C) S.

A TaqMan qPCR for quantitation of Ungulate protoparvovirus 1 validated in several matrices.

Ungulate protoparvovirus 1 (UPV1) is one of the major causes of reproductive disorders in swine. Recently, the rapid viral evolution of UPV1 and its viral persistence in several tissues has been described. Based upon this, a real-time qPCR method using upgraded primers targeting VP1 and applying the TaqMan technology was developed in this study for UPV1, and it was validated in feces, serum and tissue.

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Fibromyalgia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a prevalent chronic pain syndrome with few effective therapeutic options available. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an emerging therapeutic alternative for this condition; however, results have been mixed.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of rTMS on FM, a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis were performed.

Adequacy of energy and nutrient intake in patients with heart failure.

Background: Nutritional factors have a significant influence on the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF).

Objective: The goal of the present study was to assess the food intake of stable patients with HF.

Methods: Patients of both genders aged over 18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of HF were recruited and matched with healthy individuals for age, sex and BMI.

Inequities in milk-based prelacteal feedings in Latin America and the Caribbean: the role of cesarean section delivery.

Background: Prelacteal feeds (ie, foods other than breast milk offered before the milk comes in) have been identified as a risk factor for shorter breastfeeding duration and neonatal mortality.

Objective: This study aimed to test for socioeconomic inequities on the risk of milk-based prelacteal feeding associated with cesarean section delivery.

Methods: We conducted secondary cross-sectional data analyses of 7 Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in Latin American and Caribbean countries between 2005 and 2010 (N = 49 253 women with children younger than 3 years of age).

Fasting plasma glucose to avoid a full OGTT in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Aims: To evaluate the performance of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in determining the need for a full oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to diagnose gestational diabetes (GDM) by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria.

Methods: A multicenter cohort study of 4926 pregnant women 20 years or older consecutively enrolled in prenatal care clinics of the Brazilian National Health Service from 1991 to 1995. All women underwent a single 2 h 75 g OGTT by weeks 24-28 of pregnancy and were followed to detect adverse pregnancy outcomes.

An experimental model of chronic rhinosinusitis in rabbits without bacterial inoculation.

Purpose: Evaluate and compare two different experimental techniques of maxillary sinus ostium occlusion using N-butyl cyanoacrylate in developing chronic histological findings without the inoculation of pathogenic bacteria among rabbits.

Methods: In a randomized study, sixteen New Zealand rabbits were assigned for occlusion of the right maxillary sinus through a transmaxillary approach or through the roof of the nasal cavity. The contralateral sinus served as a control.

Incontinentia pigmenti.

Incontinentia pigmenti is a rare genodermatosis in which the skin involvement occurs in all patients. Additionally, other ectodermal tissues may be affected, such as the central nervous system, eyes, hair, nails and teeth. The disease has a X-linked dominant inheritance pattern and is usually lethal to male fetuses.

The influence of different cements on the pull-out bond strength of fiber posts.

Statement Of Problem: Glass fiber posts are commonly used to provide adequate support and retention for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth, but their resistance to dislodgement depends on their adhesion to root dentin.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of cement type on the pull-out bond strength of fiber posts.

Material And Methods: Seventy maxillary canines were endodontically treated and then divided into 7 groups according to the cement used for fiber post cementation as follows (n = 10): RelyX Unicem, BisCem, RelyX Luting 2, RelyX ARC, Panavia F, Enforce, and Allcem.

Primitive layered gabbros from fast-spreading lower oceanic crust.

Three-quarters of the oceanic crust formed at fast-spreading ridges is composed of plutonic rocks whose mineral assemblages, textures and compositions record the history of melt transport and crystallization between the mantle and the sea floor. Despite the importance of these rocks, sampling them in situ is extremely challenging owing to the overlying dykes and lavas. This means that models for understanding the formation of the lower crust are based largely on geophysical studies and ancient analogues (ophiolites) that did not form at typical mid-ocean ridges.

Polymorphisms in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in thalidomide embryopathy.

Thalidomide is one of the most potent teratogens known to humans. It is currently used for many clinical situations such as treatment of leprosy reactions and multiple myeloma. However, the teratogenic mechanisms by which it produces morphological defects still remain unclear.

Fracture resistance of weakened teeth restored using accessory glass fiber posts.

This study used differential root weakening to evaluate the fracture resistance of bovine teeth restored using glass fiber posts (with or without accessory glass fiber posts). Fifty bovine mandibular incisors were sectioned 14 mm from the apex, fixed in acrylic resin blocks, and divided into 5 groups: healthy roots with a glass fiber post (Group 1), partially weakened teeth with a glass fiber post (Group 2), partially weakened teeth with a glass fiber post and 2 accessory glass fiber posts (Group 3), extensively weakened teeth with a glass fiber post (Group 4), and extensively weakened teeth with a glass fiber post and 5 accessory glass fiber posts (Group 5). Posts were luted with resin cement, cores were prepared using composite resin, and metallic crowns were cemented.

Cryostimulation improves recovery from oropharyngeal dysphagia after stroke.

Introduction:  Stroke is considered one of the most frequent neurological causes of oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Aim:  To determine the effect of cryostimulation on oropharyngeal sensitivity and, subsequently, on the swallowing reaction and premature escape of food in patients with neurogenic dysphagia after stroke.

Methods:  Clinical and experimental study.

Evaluation of the physicochemical properties and push-out bond strength of MTA-based root canal cement.

Aim: This study investigated the flowability, setting time, pH, calcium release and bond strength of a MTA-based cement (MTA Fillapex(®)) compared to AH Plus and Sealapex.

Materials And Methods: For the flowability test, the ISO 6876:2001 specification was utilized and for the setting time test, the ASTM C266-03 specification was utilized. For the pH and calcium release measurements, 10 samples were prepared for each group and analyzed for several different periods.

Preoperative nutritional assessment and prognosis in patients with foregut tumors.

Malnourished patients with gastrointestinal tumours are at risk for postoperative complications and death. The aim of this study was to determine which nutritional assessment method better predicts outcome. Seventy-four patients, 45 men and 29 women; mean (SD) age of 63 (102) yr (range = 34 to 83), undergoing surgical resections for esophageal (n = 19) gastric (n = 43) and pancreatic (n = 12) tumors were preoperatively assessed by Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment, anthropometry, and by laboratory sampling.

Intraosseouss degenerative cyst of the axis approached via transcervical extrapharyngeal avenue.

Intraosseous degenerative cysts (IDC) of the cervical spine are rare. IDC within C2 have been reported in three articles only. We report a patient with neck pain due to a IDC within C2.

Clinical microscopic analysis of ProTaper retreatment system efficacy considering root canal thirds using three endodontic sealers.

To evaluate the efficacy of ProTaper Universal rotary retreatment system and the influence of sealer type on the presence of filling debris in the reinstrumented canals viewed in an operative clinical microscope. Forty-five palatal root canals of first molars were filled with gutta-percha and one of the following sealers: G1, EndoFill; G2, AH Plus; G3, Sealapex. The canals were then reinstrumented with ProTaper Universal rotary system.

Back-scattered electron imaging for leakage analysis of four retrofilling materials.

This study aimed to evaluate, ex vivo, the nanoleakage in dentinal tubules, the linear infiltration of silver nitrate in the dentin wall/root-end filling material interface, and the presence of gaps in this interface in root-end cavities filled with 4 filling materials. Forty-eight disto-buccal root canals of maxillary molars were instrumented and filled. Retrograde cavities were prepared with ultrasonic points (apical 2 mm).

Ear abnormalities in patients with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (Goldenhar syndrome).

Unlabelled: Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) is a rare condition characterized by the involvement of the first branchial arches.

Purpose: To investigate the ear abnormalities of a sample of patients with OAVS.

Materials And Methods: The sample consisted of 12 patients with OAVS seen at the Clinical Genetics Unit, UFCSPA/CHSCPA.

Anatomic relation between the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and the thyroid gland.

Aim: This prospective study investigated the anatomic relations between the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN), the superior thyroid artery (STA) and the thyroid gland in human cadavers.

Material And Methods: Twenty-two human cadavers aged over 18 years old, less than 24 hours after death.

Results: The mean distance between the EBSLN and the superior pole of the thyroid gland was 7.

Predictors of physical and mental health-related quality of life in patients with interstitial lung disease: a multifactorial analysis.

Objective: To determine predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 63 patients, all of whom underwent lung function testing and the six-minute walk test. The following instruments were used: the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Shortform Survey (SF-36), the Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale.

Association between nutritional status and dietary intake in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Objective: To determine the relationship between nutritional status and dietary intake in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 85 cystic fibrosis patients between 6 and 18 years of age. Dietary intake was evaluated by the 3-day diet record (weighing the food consumed).