Heterogeneous knowledge of childhood seizures and epilepsy care in Canadian healthcare Providers: Identifying the gaps.

Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological condition in children. Many barriers exist in early recognition which cause delay in care and impact quality of life. Some of these children require advanced treatments which are underutilized due to lack of education, awareness and referrals.

RNA splicing variants of the novel long non-coding RNA, CyKILR, possess divergent biological functions in non-small cell lung cancer.

The CDKN2A gene, responsible for encoding the tumor suppressors p16(INK4A) and p14(ARF), is frequently inactivated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, an uncharacterized long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) (ENSG00000267053) on chromosome 19p13.12 was found to be overexpressed in NSCLC cells with an active, wild-type CDKN2A gene.

Phase 1b/2a safety study of lemborexant as an adjunctive treatment for insomnia to buprenorphine-naloxone for opioid use disorder: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Evidence supports the common incidence of sleep disturbance in opioid use disorder (OUD) as a potential marker of disrupted orexin system functioning. This study evaluated the initial safety and tolerability of a challenge dose of lemborexant, a dual orexin antagonist, as an adjunct to buprenorphine/naloxone.

Methods: Patients (18-65 years old) with OUD receiving sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone, with a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score of 6 or higher, were recruited from outpatient clinics.

A Randomized Trial of Cardiac Catheterization With Fasting Versus Liberal Oral Intake: The CALORI Trial.

Background: Routine preprocedural fasting before cardiac catheterization remains common practice, despite a lack of robust evidence to support this practice. We investigated the impact of a liberal nonfasting strategy vs a standardized nil per os (NPO) regimen prior to cardiac catheterization.

Methods: Adult inpatients undergoing elective or urgent cardiac catheterization were randomized (1:1 ratio) to either NPO past midnight or ad libitum intake of liquids and solids (without dietary constraints) until immediately prior to the procedure.

Protocol for a multisite randomised controlled trial assessing the effect of the Telehealth for Early Developmental Intervention in babies born very preterm (TEDI-Prem) programme on neurodevelopmental outcomes and parent well-being.

Introduction: Infants born very preterm (VPT, <32 weeks' gestation) are at increased risk for neurodevelopmental impairments including motor, cognitive and behavioural delay. Parents of infants born VPT also have poorer mental health outcomes compared with parents of infants born at term.We have developed an intervention programme called TEDI-Prem (Telehealth for Early Developmental Intervention in babies born very preterm) based on previous research.

Emergency managers' challenges with wildfires and related cascading hazards in California.

This study investigates the complexities faced by emergency managers in wildfire-prone areas to uncover pressing issues and potential solutions. Four themes are discerned through three focus group discussions with emergency managers from nine counties across California. First, there is unequal access to resources for both risk assessment and response, with counties that have fewer resources facing significant challenges in effectively managing wildfire risks.

Sex Affects Cognitive Outcomes in HIV-1 Tat Transgenic Mice: Role of CCR5.

People living with HIV (PLWH) experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), even though combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) suppresses HIV replication. HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (HIV-1 Tat) contributes to the development of HAND through neuroinflammatory and neurotoxic mechanisms. C-C chemokine 5 receptor (CCR5) is important in immune cell targeting and is a co-receptor for HIV viral entry into CD4+ cells.

Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale.

Unlike most rivers globally, nearly all lowland Amazonian rivers have unregulated flow, supporting seasonally flooded floodplain forests. Floodplain forests harbor a unique tree species assemblage adapted to flooding and specialized fauna, including fruit-eating fish that migrate seasonally into floodplains, favoring expansive floodplain areas. Frugivorous fish are forest-dependent fauna critical to forest regeneration via seed dispersal and support commercial and artisanal fisheries.

Estimating the Exposure-Response Relationship between Fine Mineral Dust Concentration and Coccidioidomycosis Incidence Using Speciated Particulate Matter Data: A Longitudinal Surveillance Study.

Background: Coccidioidomycosis, caused by inhalation of spp. spores, is an emerging infectious disease that is increasing in incidence throughout the southwestern US. The pathogen is soil-dwelling, and spore dispersal and human exposure are thought to co-occur with airborne mineral dust exposures, yet fundamental exposure-response relationships have not been conclusively estimated.

The impact of resident involvement and postgraduate year on head and neck surgery for obstructive sleep apnea.

To assess the impact of resident involvement and resident postgraduate year (PGY) on head and neck obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) surgical outcomes. We analyzed head and neck OSA surgeries from 2005-2012 via the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Demographic, preoperative, and postoperative variables were analyzed via multivariate regression to determine the impact of resident involvement and resident PGY on 30-day outcomes.

Specialty palliative care use among cancer patients: A population-based study.

Background: Rigorous population-based assessments of the use of specialty palliative care (SPC) in the US are rare.

Settings/subjects: This study examined SPC use among cancer patients in a mid-sized metropolitan area in Southeast US.

Measurements: In this cancer decedent cohort study, data were acquired and linked from the state-wide cancer registry; state-wide hospital discharge dataset; and local SPC providers.

Economic Impact of the Apoyo con Cariño Intervention: Improving Palliative Care for Hispanics with Serious Illness.

Specialty palliative care has been associated with cost savings at the end of life, while patient navigators have been independently associated with cost savings due to screening and treatment early in the course of disease. Evidence is limited regarding patient navigators and cost savings at the end of life. To determine the cost-effectiveness of a lay patient navigator intervention in improving palliative care outcomes for Hispanic persons with serious noncancer illness.

Fever in the Trauma Bay: A Marker for Greater Risk of Adverse Outcomes.

Previous work identified a sub-group of trauma patients at risk for bacteremia who presented with signs of infection, including fever. A majority were older adult falls who had early onset bacteremia. Fever in the trauma bay is associated with a greater risk of adverse outcomes and identifies patients who might benefit from early initiation of interventions for sepsis.

Addressing Water Scarcity to Achieve Climate Resilience and Human Health.

Water scarcity is projected to affect half of the world's population, gradually exacerbated by climate change. This article elaborates from a panel discussion at the 2023 United Nations Water Conference on Addressing Water Scarcity to Achieve Climate Resilience and Human Health. Understanding and addressing water scarcity goes beyond hydrological water balances to also include societal and economic measures.

TAK-925 (danavorexton), an Orexin Receptor 2 Agonist, Reduces Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression and Sedation Without Affecting Analgesia in Healthy Adult Males.

Background: Orexin neuropeptides help regulate sleep/wake states, respiration, and pain. However, their potential role in regulating breathing, particularly in perioperative settings, is not well understood. TAK-925 (danavorexton), a novel, orexin receptor 2-selective agonist, directly activates neurons associated with respiratory control in the brain and improves respiratory parameters in rodents undergoing fentanyl-induced sedation.

Increased Afferent Nerve Firing Is Correlated With the Detection of Bladder Wall Micromotion in a Perfused Ex-Vivo Porcine Model.

Introduction And Objective: Observable autonomous rhythmic changes in intravesical pressure, termed bladder wall micromotion, is a phenomenon that has been linked to urinary urgency, the key symptom in overactive bladder (OAB). However, the mechanism through which micromotion drives urinary urgency is poorly understood. In addition, micromotion is inherently difficult to study in human urodynamics due to challenges distinguishing it from normal cyclic physiologic processes such as pulse rate, breathing, rectal contractions, and ureteral jetting.

Dietary Interventions in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Scoping Review.

Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are burdened by multiple diet-sensitive comorbidities, including obesity and malnutrition. Despite this, a low percentage of patients with HFpEF have been enrolled in dietary intervention trials in heart failure and few dietary interventions have been conducted in HFpEF exclusively. This scoping review will examine available evidence regarding dietary interventions in patients with HFpEF, highlight existing gaps in knowledge, and discuss emerging dietary therapies in this population.

Informing a sinusitis clinical trial protocol: A focus group study with clinicians and staff.

This study investigates practicing clinician and staff perspectives on potential protocol modifications for the "Nasal Irrigation, Oral Antibiotics, and Subgroup Targeting for Effective Management of Acute Sinusitis" (NOSES) study, a pragmatic randomized controlled trial aiming at improving acute rhinosinusitis management. Focus groups with clinicians and staff at the pretrial stage recommended expanding participant age inclusion criteria, incorporating patients with COVID-19, and shortening the supportive care phase. Participants also discussed patient engagement and recruitment strategies.

A new 3D metallic, ductile, and porous boron nitride as a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries.

We propose a new stable three-dimensional (3D) porous and metallic boron nitride anode material, named h-BN, with good ductility for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Based on first-principles calculations and a tight-binding model, we demonstrate that the metallicity originates from the synergistic contribution of the p-orbital of the sp-hybridized B and N atoms, while the ductility is due to the unique configurations of B-B and N-N dimers in the structure. More importantly, this boron nitride allotrope exhibits a high reversible capacity of 582.

Predicting Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction: From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry.

Background: In-hospital mortality risk prediction is an important tool for benchmarking quality and patient prognostication. Given changes in patient characteristics and treatments over time, a contemporary risk model for patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) is needed.

Methods: Data from 313 825 acute MI hospitalizations between January 2019 and December 2020 for adults aged ≥18 years at 784 sites in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Chest Pain-MI Registry were used to develop a risk-standardized model to predict in-hospital mortality.