HNO
May 2009
Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, Auenweg 38, 06847, Dessau, Deutschland.
Background: Inflammatory processes play a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), however, the impact of apoptosis in CRS in unclear. The aim of this study was a comparison of caspase 3 activity, a key enzyme in the apoptosis cascade, in samples of nasal tissue from patients with different types of rhinosinusitis.
Material And Methods: Immunohistochemical analyses were carried out to detect caspase 3 in samples of nasal tissue from patients with CRS and nasal polyps (NP), allergic rhinitis (AR), rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) and atrophic rhinitis.
World Allergy Organ J
June 2009
From the Institute for Asthma and Allergy, Chevy Chase, Md, and George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC.
Many patients have nasal syndromes that are nonallergic and noninfectious and not caused by mechanical or anatomic abnormalities. There are at least 8 recognized nonallergic rhinitis syndromes: drug-induced rhinitis including rhinitis medicamentosa, gustatory rhinitis, hormonally induced rhinitis including the rhinitis of pregnancy, nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome, senile rhinitis, atrophic rhinitis, cerebral spinal fluid leak, and vasomotor rhinitis. Few studies have explored etiologic causes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
May 2009
ENT Department, University Hospital of North Staffordshire, Newcastle Rd, Stoke on Trent, ST4 6QG, UK.
Rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) is a drug induced non-allergic rhinitis associated with prolonged use of topical nasal decongestants. This review discusses the nasal mucosa microcirculation, basic pharmacology of topical decongestants and the theories of the pathophysiology of RM. Diagnostic problems are discussed in addition to the current opinion on how to treat RM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Rhinol
October 2008
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term outcomes of an outpatient-based diode laser inferior turbinate reduction (ITR) in therapy-refractory rhinitis medicamentosa (RM).
Methods: In a prospective clinical investigation, 42 consecutive RM patients underwent videoendoscopic ITR with a diode laser after topical anesthetic preparation. Intra- and perioperative details were recorded including the occurrence of bleeding, crusting, pain, or discomfort.
Int Immunopharmacol
December 2007
Centre de recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Québec Qc, Canada G1V 4G2.
Rhinitis of allergic and viral origin is often self-treated by patients with locally applied vasoconstrictor decongestant drugs. In turn, prolonged use of these agents produce an inflammatory condition termed rhinitis medicamentosa. Cationic drugs are sequestered into cells via various mechanisms, including mitochondrial concentration and V-ATPase-driven trapping in vacuoles that swell by an osmotic mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg
January 2007
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Germany.
Objective: Prolonged application of nasal vasoconstrictors causes rhinitis medicamentosa (RM). Nasal obstruction is induced by rebound swelling when the decongestive effect has disappeared. The aim of this study was to demonstrate ultrastructural changes in RM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Allergy Immunol
December 2006
Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
November 2006
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, and the James A. Haley Veterans' Administration Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Saf
November 2006
Chief Professor, ENT Clinic University of Siena Medical School, Policlinico Le Scotte viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Nasal decongestants are the most powerful drugs in the reduction of nasal obstruction. Despite their large use, local and systemic adverse reactions are frequent. The authors focus on the pharmacology of these kinds of drugs in light of the most recent knowledge on nasal pathophysiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEar Nose Throat J
June 2006
Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599-7510, USA.
Nasal septal perforation is a rarely reported complication of rhinitis medicamentosa. We describe such a complication in a 54-year-old man, and we discuss the clinical, pathologic, and imaging aspects of this case.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Investig Allergol Clin Immunol
November 2006
Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, University of South Florida & James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) is a condition induced by overuse of nasal decongestants. The term RM, also called rebound or chemical rhinitis, is also used to describe the adverse nasal congestion that develops after using medications other than topical decongestants. Such medications include oral beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, antipsychotics, oral contraceptives, and antihypertensives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm Fam Physician
May 2006
University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, 32601, USA.
Allergic rhinitis, the most common type of rhinitis, generally can be differentiated from the numerous types of nonallergic rhinitis through a thorough history and physical examination. Allergic rhinitis may be seasonal, perennial, or occupational. The most common cause of nonallergic rhinitis is acute viral infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHNO
October 2006
Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg.
Background: Long-term abuse of decongestive nasal drops causes rhinitis medicamentosa due to cytotoxic and ciliary-toxic effects. Nasal obstruction is caused by rebound swelling when the decongestive effect has disappeared. The patient starts using nasal drops more frequently as a result of tachyphylaxis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To review the literature on postnasal drip syndrome (PNDS)-induced cough and the various causes of PNDS. Hereafter, PNDS will be referred to as upper airway cough syndrome (UACS).
Methods: MEDLINE search (through May 2004) for studies published in the English language since 1980 on human subjects using the medical subject heading terms "cough," "causes of cough," "etiology of cough," "postnasal drip," "allergic rhinitis," "vasomotor rhinitis," and "chronic sinusitis.
Rhinology
December 2005
Asthma and Allergy Research Group, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Thirty-six persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) sufferers were studied, to both compare and correlate 15 minute response to nasal xylometazoline (XYLO) with 28 day response to nasal mometasone furoate (MF). 0.1% XYLO (1 spray each nostril) response was measured on two occasions, then a randomised double blind cross-over comparison of MF (200 mcg daily) to placebo conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPol Merkur Lekarski
September 2005
Katedra i Zakład Farmakologii Doświadczalnej i Klinicznej AM w Warszawie.
Long term use of topical vasoconstrictors for the nose may result in rhinitis medicamentosa, the rebound swelling of the nasal mucosa. Usually discovery of any underlying reason for decongestant use is impossible, therefore treatment could be problematic. The aim of this study was to establish the nasal mucosal cytology of patients with rhinitis medicamentosa and evaluation of usefulness of exfoliative cytology in diagnostics of underlying reason of nasal decongestants overuse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWomens Health (Lond)
July 2005
Kungsbacka Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, S-434 80 Kungsbacka, Sweden. : eva.ellegard@ lthalland.se.
Pregnancy rhinitis is a common condition that is not yet fully recognized by the public. This form of rhinitis affects approximately one in five pregnant women, can start in almost any gestational week, and disappears after delivery. However, as it reduces quality of life, and also possibly affects the fetus, treatment is often required.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg
April 2005
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirn, Turkey.
Objective: We aimed to investigate, histopathologic changes in the nasal mucosa of guinea pig's after prolonged administration of oxymetazoline and the development of rhinitis medicamentosa, and the efficacy of mometasone furoate aqueous nasal spray and saline in reversing the ultrastructural changes attributable to rhinitis medicamentosa.
Methods: In the study, 24 male guinea pigs (500 to 600 gr) were used. Oxymetazolin (0.
Treat Respir Med
June 2005
Karolinksa University Hospital, Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
Rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) is a drug-induced, nonallergic form of rhinitis that is associated with prolonged use of topical vasoconstrictors, i.e. local decongestants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSrp Arh Celok Lek
August 2004
Zvezdara Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Centre, Belgrade.
Rhinitis medicamentosa ("nose-drop-nose") is a term used for pathological condition of the nasal mucous membrane that results from long-term abuse with intranasal vasoconstrictors. The aim of this work was to examine what lead the patients with nosedropnose rhinitis to the initial usage of intranasal vasoactive drugs. In this prospective study, 92 patients with rhinitis medicamentosa were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Rev Allergy Immunol
June 2004
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kungsbacka Hospital, Kungsbacka, Sweden.
Pregnancy rhinitis is a very common condition. Defined as "nasal congestion present during the last 6 or more weeks of pregnancy without other signs of respiratory tract infection, and with no known allergic cause, disappearing completely within 2 wk after delivery," it strikes one in five pregnant women, and it starts in almost any gestational week. The pathogenesis is not clear, but placental growth hormone is suggested to be involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Otol Rhinol Laryngol
February 2004
Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
To evaluate the nasal mucosal changes in rhinitis medicamentosa (RM), especially those related to goblet cells and subepithelial glands, we studied specimens of the inferior turbinate mucosa from 8 patients with RM, 8 patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis (CHR), and 5 patients with normal nasal mucosa. All specimens were assessed by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical study. Under a scanning electron microscope, hyperplasia of goblet cells was most prominent in the RM group, and an increased number of gland openings was evident in the RM and CHR groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg
January 2004
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, USA.
Background: For most multiuse aqueous nasal, ophthalmic, and otic products, benzalkonium chloride (BKC) is the preservative of choice. The American College of Toxicology has concluded that BKC can be safely used as an antimicrobial agent at concentrations up to 0.1%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Respir Med
March 2004
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kungsbacka Hospital, Kungsbacka, Sweden.
Pregnancy rhinitis is defined as nasal congestion in the last 6 or more weeks of pregnancy, without other signs of respiratory tract infection and with no known allergic cause, with complete resolution of symptoms within 2 weeks after delivery. Pregnancy rhinitis occurs in approximately one-fifth of pregnancies, can appear at almost any gestational week, and affects the woman and possibly also the fetus. The pathogenesis of pregnancy rhinitis is not clear, but placental growth hormone is suggested to be involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi
March 2001
Department of ENT, Liuzhou Municipal Hospital of TCM, Guangxi 545001.
Objective: To investigate the functional and morphological characteristics of cells in allergic rhinitis (AR) guinea-pigs with Cold or Heat Syndrome.
Methods: The Cold Syndrome or Heat Syndrome guinea-pig model was made, and then reformed into AR model or rhinitis medicamentosa (RM) model by using nose drops of 10% toluene di-isocyanate (TDI) or 0.1% naphazoline hydrochloride.
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