Expression Cloning of Antibodies from Single Human B Cells.

The majority of lymphomas originate from B cells at the germinal center stage. Preferential selection of B-cell clones by a limited set of antigens has been suggested to drive lymphoma development. While recent studies in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have shown that self-reactive B-cell receptors (BCR) can generate cell-autonomous signaling and proliferation, our knowledge about the role of BCRs for the development or survival of other lymphomas remains limited.

High RIPK3 expression is associated with a higher risk of early kidney transplant failure.

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is associated with reduced allograft survival, and each additional hour of cold ischemia time increases the risk of graft failure and mortality following renal transplantation. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is a key effector of necroptosis, a regulated form of cell death. Here, we evaluate the first-in-human RIPK3 expression dataset following IRI in kidney transplantation.

Neurodegenerative disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in metachromatic leukodystrophy.

Objective: Metachromatic leukodystrophy is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient arylsulfatase A. It is characterized by progressive demyelination and thus mainly affects the white matter. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may stabilize and improve white matter damage, yet some patients deteriorate despite successfully treated leukodystrophy.

Myeloid CCR2 Promotes Atherosclerosis after AKI.

Background: The risk of cardiovascular events rises after AKI. Leukocytes promote atherosclerotic plaque growth and instability. We established a model of enhanced remote atherosclerosis after renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and investigated the underlying inflammatory mechanisms.

A high-salt diet compromises antibacterial neutrophil responses through hormonal perturbation.

The Western diet is rich in salt, which poses various health risks. A high-salt diet (HSD) can stimulate immunity through the nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (Nfat5)-signaling pathway, especially in the skin, where sodium is stored. The kidney medulla also accumulates sodium to build an osmotic gradient for water conservation.

Piloting a blended-learning concept for integrating evidence-based medicine into the general practice clerkship.

The present study investigates the feasibility of the application of evidence-based medicine (EBM) procedures by students as part of practical training in general medicine through a newly developed blended-learning teaching concept. This study describes the development, piloting and evaluation of a blended-learning concept for implementing EBM education as part of general practice training. Our concept consists of an online tutorial introducing the theoretical background, two classroom seminars for consolidation and practical exercises based on case studies.

DAMPening sterile inflammation of the kidney.

Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a serious cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Danger-associated-molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) are thought to promote IRI by initiating immune cell infiltration and driving disease progression, but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are mainly unclear. Poluzzi et al.

Role of the orexin receptors within the nucleus accumbens in the drug priming-induced reinstatement of morphine seeking in the food deprived rats.

Orexin plays a key role in mediating stress-induced drug relapse. However, the role of different types of orexinergic receptors that modulate stress-induced drug seeking remains unknown. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) has an important role in the reward system and receives orexinergic projections of the lateral hypothalamus.

Regular nicotine intake increased tooth movement velocity, osteoclastogenesis and orthodontically induced dental root resorptions in a rat model.

Orthodontic forces have been reported to significantly increase nicotine-induced periodontal bone loss. At present, however, it is unknown, which further (side) effects can be expected during orthodontic treatment at a nicotine exposure corresponding to that of an average European smoker. 63 male Fischer344 rats were randomized in three consecutive experiments of 21 animals each (A/B/C) to 3 experimental groups (7 rats, 1/2/3): (A) cone-beam-computed tomography (CBCT); (B) histology/serology; (C) reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)/cotinine serology-(1) control; (2) orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) of the first and second upper left molar (NiTi closed coil spring, 0.

Targeting Prostate Cancer with a Combination of WNT Inhibitors and a Bi-functional Peptide.

Background/aim: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in the Western world. A bi-functional peptide was combined with wingless-related integration site (WNT) inhibitors to determine if there is an additive therapeutic effect when they are used against prostate cancer, since their efficacy has already been proven when used alone.

Materials And Methods: A bi-functional peptide (TP-LYT) was designed with a target domain (LTVSPWY) and a lytic domain (KLAKLAK), and a second peptide with the same lytic domain but a random sequence instead of the target domain was used as a negative control.

Reference genes for valid gene expression studies on rat dental, periodontal and alveolar bone tissue by means of RT-qPCR with a focus on orthodontic tooth movement and periodontitis.

Objectives: To obtain valid results in relative gene/mRNA-expression analyses by RT-qPCR, a careful selection of stable reference genes is required for normalization. Currently there is little information on reference gene stability in dental, periodontal and alveolar bone tissues of the rat, especially regarding orthodontic tooth movement and periodontitis. We therefore aimed to identify the best selection and number of reference genes under these experimental as well as physiological conditions.

Predomination of IL-17-producing tryptase-positive/chymase-positive mast cells in azoospermic chronic testicular inflammation.

Chronic testicular inflammation and infection have been regarded as important factors in the pathogenesis of azoospermia. As key effector cells in innate and adaptive immune system, mast cells (MCs) were observed in inflammation and autoimmune disease. Furthermore, increased expression of tryptase-positive MCs has been reported in testicular disorders associated with male infertility/subfertility.

Media influence on risk competence in self-medication and self-treatment.

Media play an important role in the reception of health risks; thus, media competence is important for enhancing the risk competence of patients and consumers. In addition to life-long health education, risk competence particularly requires careful handling of health information because, at present, the key problem is not the lack of sufficient information on health topics but the quality of such information. Patients and consumers of health procedures and health products also require information which relates to their daily life and matches their life style.

Advancing reference emission levels in subnational and national REDD+ initiatives: a CLASlite approach.

Conservation and monitoring of tropical forests requires accurate information on their extent and change dynamics. Cloud cover, sensor errors and technical barriers associated with satellite remote sensing data continue to prevent many national and sub-national REDD+ initiatives from developing their reference deforestation and forest degradation emission levels. Here we present a framework for large-scale historical forest cover change analysis using free multispectral satellite imagery in an extremely cloudy tropical forest region.

Unusual pain due to unilateral facet degeneration at the C1-2 level.

Aim: Neck pain is a common problem that may result from abnormalities in the soft tissues, bones and joints of the spine. However, upper neck and occipital pain syndrome due to unilateral idiopathic arthrosis of a C1-2 lateral articulation is a very rare condition.

Material And Methods: We describe two patients with unilateral arthrosis of a C1-2 lateral articulation who were successfully treated with C1-2 fusion.

Downregulation of β1 -adrenergic receptors in rat C6 glioblastoma cells by hyperforin and hyperoside from St John's wort.

Objectives: While the use of St John's wort extracts as treatment for mild to moderate depression is well established the mode of action is still under investigation. Individual constituents of St John's wort extract were tested for possible effects on the β1 AR density and a subsequent change in downstream signalling in rat C6 glioblastoma cells.

Methods: The effect of compounds from St John's wort extract on the downregulation of β1 -adrenergic receptor-GFP fusion proteins (β1 AR-green fluorescent protein (GFP)) of transfected rat C6 gliobastoma cells (C6-β1 AR-GFP) was investigated by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM).

Resorption behavior of a nanostructured bone substitute: in vitro investigation and clinical application.

Objectives: To develop an in vitro assay for quantitative analysis of the degradation to which a bone substitute is exposed by osteoclasts. The aim of establishing this method was to improve the predictability of carrying out tooth movements via bone substitutes and to provide a basis for verification in exemplary clinical cases.

Methods: After populating a bone substitute (NanoBone®; ArtOss, Germany) with osteoclastic cells, inductively-coupled mass spectrometry was used to evaluate changing calcium levels in the culture medium as a marker of resorption activity.

Assessment of the effects of forest land use strategies on the provision of ecosystem services at regional scale.

This paper presents results of a case study in Middle Saxony, Germany, where the impact of conversion, afforestation and alternatively introduction of short rotation coppice areas on the provision of ecosystem services was tested in a spatially inexplicit and a spatially explicit way to formulate recommendations for regional planning. While the spatially inexplicit testing did not lead to clear results regarding to what degree forests or short rotation coppice areas are desirable and applicable, the spatially explicit testing revealed that an increase in the forest area or area with short rotation coppice by 29.7% in unstructured agriculturally dominated Loess regions, 14.

Influence of diabetes mellitus on the development and treatment of malocclusions--a case report with literature review.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by disturbed glucose regulation, manifesting primarily as chronic hyperglycemia. Today about 6% of the world's population suffers from diabetes mellitus. This metabolic disorder is known to be associated with a large number of concomitant and secondary diseases of the cardiovascular system, as well as of the joint and supporting tissue systems.

SUMOylation of the hepatoma-derived growth factor negatively influences its binding to chromatin.

Hepatoma-derived growth factor is a nuclear targeted mitogen containing a PWWP domain that mediates binding to DNA. To date, almost nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms of the functions of hepatoma-derived growth factor, its routes of secretion and internalization or post-translational modifications. In the present study, we show for the first time that hepatoma-derived growth factor is modified by the covalent attachment of small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO-1), a post-translational modification with regulatory functions for an increasing number of proteins.

Effective treatment for dermatophytoses of the foot: effect on restoration of depressed cell-mediated immunity.

Superficial infections caused by dermatophyte fungi are highly prevalent throughout the world. Modern antimycotic agents like the azole itraconazole or the synthetic allylamine terbinafine greatly improved treatment outcomes in comparison with former therapeutic options with griseofulvin or older azole preparations like ketoconazole or fluconazole. In randomized trials involving patients with dermotophytoses, a great effectiveness has been shown especially for terbinafine.

The pH of the skin surface and its impact on the barrier function.

The 'acid mantle' of the stratum corneum seems to be important for both permeability barrier formation and cutaneous antimicrobial defense. However, the origin of the acidic pH, measurable on the skin surface, remains conjectural. Passive and active influencing factors have been proposed, e.