Bilateral familial retinoblastoma diagnosed via optical coherence tomography following a normal funduscopic exam.

Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy in children, and patients with family history of retinoblastoma are at high risk of disease. While intensive screening programs have led to earlier diagnosis and higher rates of globe salvage, visual outcomes have not improved. Handheld optical coherence tomography (HH-OCT) is a non-invasive imaging modality that can be utilized for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of Familial RB.

Retinal organoid chip: engineering a physiomimetic oxygen gradient for optimizing long term culture of human retinal organoids.

An oxygen gradient across the retina plays a crucial role in its development and function. The inner retina resides in a hypoxic environment (2% O) adjacent to the vitreous cavity. Oxygenation levels rapidly increase towards the outer retina (18% O) at the choroid.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Ocular Oncology, Retinoblastoma (ArMOR): Experience with a Multiracial Cohort.

The color variation in fundus images from differences in melanin concentrations across races can affect the accuracy of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) models. Hence, we studied the performance of our AI model (with proven efficacy in an Asian-Indian cohort) in a multiracial cohort for detecting and classifying intraocular RB (iRB). Retrospective observational study.

Differentiating MYCN-amplified RB1 wild-type retinoblastoma from biallelic RB1 mutant retinoblastoma using MR-based radiomics: a retrospective multicenter case-control study.

MYCN-amplified RB1 wild-type (MYCNRB1) retinoblastoma is a rare and aggressive subtype, often resistant to standard therapies. Identifying unique MRI features is crucial for diagnosing this subtype, as biopsy is not recommended. This study aimed to differentiate MYCNRB1 from the most prevalent RB1 retinoblastoma using pretreatment MRI and radiomics.

Pineal gland ADC values in children aged 0 to 4 years: normative data and usefulness in the differential diagnosis with trilateral retinoblastoma.

Purpose: Normative ADC values of the pineal gland in young children are currently lacking, however, these are potentially useful in the differential diagnosis of pineal involvement in trilateral retinoblastoma, which is challenging when the size of the tumor is less than 10-15 mm. The main objective of this study was to establish ADC reference values of the normal pineal gland in a large cohort of children between 0 and 4 years.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary pediatric hospital.

Multimodal imaging for the differential diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of intraocular retinoblastoma in children with selective ophthalmic artery infusion.

Background: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common malignant tumor in children under the age of 3 years and is associated with a high disability and mortality rate. The aim of this study was, first, to evaluate the clinical efficacy of multimodal imaging in differentially diagnosing RB in children and in predicting the efficacy of selective ophthalmic artery infusion (SOAI) and, second, to identify the factors associated with this efficacy.

Methods: This study retrospectively collected the data from 256 children with unilateral RB and intraocular involvement, including multimodal imaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and clinical characteristics.

Development and preliminary evaluation of a genetics education booklet for retinoblastoma.

Background: Parents and survivors of retinoblastoma often hold misconceptions about the disease and desire more extensive and detailed information about its genetic nature. The aim of this study was to co-develop and evaluate a genetic education booklet for retinoblastoma.

Methods: A human-centered design approach was employed, in which the study team consulted with clinician and patient knowledge user groups to design, produce, and refine an educational booklet.

Role of optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal tumors: A narrative review.

Intraocular tumors constitute a small subset of cases in ophthalmologic practice. Proper diagnosis of intraocular tumors is crucial because some pose threat to vision and life, while others may indicate underlying systemic disorders. Intraocular tumors comprise benign and malignant lesions affecting the retina, choroid, optic disc, iris, and ciliary body.

Performance of Tumor Surveillance for Children With Cancer Predisposition.

Importance: Pediatric oncology patients are increasingly recognized as having an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS). Surveillance is often recommended to detect new tumors at their earliest and most curable stages. Data on the effectiveness and outcomes of surveillance for children with CPS are limited.