Human Herpesvirus 6A Infection-Associated Acute Anterior Uveitis.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection can cause ophthalmic diseases in immunocompetent patients, recipients of bone marrow transplants, and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study describes the case of a healthy 37-year-old male who presented with unilateral anterior uveitis (AU), significant anterior chamber exudation, pupillary membrane closure, increased intraocular pressure, and eyelid edema. Notably, HHV-6A was the only pathogenic agent identified in the blood and aqueous humor.

Prognostic importance of direct assignment of parent-of-origin via long-read genome and epigenome sequencing in retinoblastoma.

Background: Current clinical sequencing methods cannot effectively detect DNA methylation and allele-specific variation to provide parent-of-origin information from the proband alone. Parent-of-origin effects can lead to differential disease and the inability to assign this in de novo cases limits prognostication in the majority of affected individuals with retinoblastoma, a hereditary cancer with suspected parent-of-origin effects.

Methods: To directly assign parent-of-origin in retinoblastoma patients, genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples for sequencing using a programmable, targeted single-molecule long-read DNA genomic and epigenomic approach.

Retinal Vessel Plexus Differentiation Based on OCT Angiography Using Deep Learning.

Purpose: Although structural OCT is traditionally used to differentiate the vascular plexus layers in OCT angiography (OCTA), the vascular plexuses do not always obey the retinal laminations. We sought to segment the superficial, deep, and avascular plexuses from OCTA images using deep learning without structural OCT image input or segmentation boundaries.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

How Physician-Insurance Contracting Contributes to the Medical Exodus and Access to Ophthalmic Care in Puerto Rico.

Background: Puerto Rico (PR) has experienced significant demographic changes, characterized primarily by an aging population and an unprecedented exodus of medical doctors. Ophthalmologists are of particular concern as they commonly serve older populations, and the island has high rates of some age-related eye diseases in the United States (US). Our research aims to investigate the factors driving ophthalmologists in PR to emigrate to the mainland US.

Myopia Support Device (Titanium Macular Buckle) for Posterior Pole Retinal Detachment With or Without Myopic Maculoschisis.

To describe 4 cases of posterior pole retinal detachment (RD) in patients with pathologic myopia that were repaired with a prototype myopia support device. A case series was evaluated. Four cases of posterior pole RD were treated, 3 of which were accompanied by myopic maculoschisis and 1 that was accompanied by a choroidal neovascular membrane and a macular hole (MH).

Clinical Performance of Semi-Automated Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

: To evaluate the clinical performance of two optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) devices, including a semi-automated device, with respect to image quality and pathology detection, with fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) serving as the reference standards. : In this prospective cross-sectional study, normal eyes and those with various retinal and choroidal pathologies were enrolled and underwent OCTA scanning using semi-automated 3D OCT-1 Maestro2 and Cirrus™ HD-OCT 5000 devices, as well as FA/ICGA imaging. OCTA scans and FA/ICGA images were independently graded for image quality and the visibility of prespecified anatomic vascular features, along with the presence or absence of pathology on the OCTA scans and the FA/ICGA images (within regions corresponding to the OCTA scan areas).

Light-sensitive Ca signaling in the mammalian choroid.

The choroid is the thin, vasculature-filled layer of the eye situated between the sclera and the retina, where it serves the metabolic needs of the light-sensing photoreceptors in the retina. Illumination of the interior surface of the back of the eye (fundus) is a critical regulator of subretinal fluid homeostasis, which determines the overall shape of the eye, but it is also important for choroidal perfusion. Noted for having some of the highest blood flow rates in the body, the choroidal vasculature has been reported to lack intrinsic, intravascular pressure-induced (myogenic) autoregulatory mechanisms.

Cross-instrument optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCTA)-based prediction of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) disease activity using artificial intelligence.

This study investigates the efficacy of predicting age-related macular degeneration (AMD) activity through deep neural networks (DNN) using a cross-instrument training dataset composed of Optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCTA) images from two different manufacturers. A retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed 2D vascular en-face OCTA images from Heidelberg Spectralis (1478 samples: 1102 training, 276 validation, 100 testing) and Optovue Solix (1003 samples: 754 training, 189 validation, 60 testing). OCTA scans were labeled based on clinical diagnoses and adjacent B-scan OCT fluid information, categorizing activity into normal, dry AMD, active wet AMD, and wet AMD in remission.

Developing a 10-Layer Retinal Segmentation for MacTel Using Semi-Supervised Learning.

Purpose: Automated segmentation software in optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices is usually developed for and primarily tested on common diseases. Therefore segmentation accuracy of automated software can be limited in eyes with rare pathologies.

Methods: We sought to develop a semisupervised deep learning segmentation model that segments 10 retinal layers and four retinal features in eyes with Macular Telangiectasia Type II (MacTel) using a small labeled dataset by leveraging unlabeled images.

Incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration among patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea: a national cohort study.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may increase the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) due to repetitive oxygen deprivation or other mechanisms, though whether OSA increases the risk of AMD progression is unknown. We analyzed associations between OSA and AMD risk in the Taiwanese population.

Methods: We identified patients diagnosed with OSA between 2000 and 2018 in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and used 1:1 propensity score matching on demographics and co-morbidities to create a non-OSA cohort.

Atypical choroidal neovascular membrane.

Purpose: To report the course of atypical choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a middle-aged woman experiencing sudden vision loss.

Observations: A middle-aged female presented with sudden onset vision loss. Following in depth investigations an initial diagnosis of presumed idiopathic CNV was made in her right eye.

Treatment and Characteristics of Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy Accompanying Recalcitrant Intraretinal Cysts.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical characteristics associated with chronic pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) accompanying recalcitrant intraretinal cysts.

Methods: This is a retrospective, single-center, case-series study involving 20 eyes of 18 patients with PNV who did not respond to bevacizumab or ranibizumab and had to switch to aflibercept. Optical coherence tomography images were assessed before and after switching of intravitreal injection drug.

Safety and Tolerability of Suprachoroidal Axitinib Injectable Suspension, for Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration; Phase I/IIa Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of a single dose of axitinib injectable suspension (CLS-AX), a pan-anti-VEGF tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), administered via suprachoroidal injection in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Design: Phase I/IIa, open-label, sequential dose escalation.

Participants: Anti-VEGF treatment-experienced patients with active subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to nAMD.

Successful Treatment of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion With Tissue Plasminogen Activator Followed by Recurrent Retinal Ischemia.

To describe the use of intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to treat central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). A case and its findings were analyzed. A 45-year-old man diagnosed with a CRAO and had cerebral angiography and treatment with intra-arterial tPA.

PROSPECTIVE TRIAL OF HOME OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY-GUIDED MANAGEMENT OF TREATMENT EXPERIENCED NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION PATIENTS.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of home optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided patient management on treatment burden and visual outcomes.

Methods: An interventional trial was conducted to compare frequency of treatment and visual acuity for the neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients before and during use of home optical coherence tomography over a period of 6 months. Patient adherence to regular scanning was measured by the number of scans performed per week.

Dr. Scheffer C.G. Tseng: A Pioneer in Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane for Regenerative Medicine.

Dr. Scheffer Chuei-Goong Tseng is widely recognized as a pioneer in the development and application of cryopreserved amniotic membrane therapy. Dr.