Intermittent fasting and weight loss: Systematic review.

Objective: To examine the evidence for intermittent fasting (IF), an alternative to calorie-restricted diets, in treating obesity, an important health concern in Canada with few effective office-based treatment strategies.

Data Sources: A MEDLINE and EMBASE search from January 1, 2000, to July 1, 2019, yielded 1200 results using the key words and .

Study Selection: Forty-one articles describing 27 trials addressed weight loss in overweight and obese patients: 18 small randomized controlled trials (level I evidence) and 9 trials comparing weight after IF to baseline weight with no control group (level II evidence).

Effects of opioid use in pregnancy on pediatric development and behaviour in children older than age 2: Systematic review.

Objective: To summarize information on the effects of opioid use in pregnancy on subsequent pediatric development and behaviour.

Data Sources: Searches were performed in EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO for peer-reviewed, English articles, including a manual search of their references, that were published between January 1, 2000, and May 1, 2018.

Study Selection: Of the 543 articles reviewed, 19 relevant articles that focused on developmental effects of opioid exposure in utero were identified.

Defining "high-frequency" emergency department use: Does one size fit all for urban and rural areas?

Objective: To suggest a functional definition for identification of "high-frequency" emergency department (ED) users in rural areas.

Design: Retrospective analysis of secondary data.

Setting: Sioux Lookout Meno Ya Win Health Centre in northwestern Ontario.