Exploring melatonin's signalling pathways in the protection against age-related skin deterioration.

Melatonin, renowned for regulating sleep-wake cycles, also exhibits notable anti-aging properties for the skin. Synthesized in the pineal gland and various tissues including the skin, melatonin's efficacy arises from its capacity to combat oxidative stress and shield the skin from ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage. Moreover, it curbs melanin production, thereby potentially ameliorating hyperpigmentation.

Transcriptomic insight into zinc dependency of vindoline accumulation in Catharanthus roseus leaves: relevance and potential role of a CrZIP.

Foliar-applied Zn on Catharanthus roseus enhanced production of vindoline, the main impediment precursor for costly anticancer bisindoles. A leaf-abundant CrZIP was characterized for likely role in modulating vindoline metabolism. The leaf-localized Catharanthus roseus alkaloid, vindoline, is the major impediment precursor in the production of scanty and expensive anticancer bisindoles, vinblastine and vincristine.

A comparative study of ionic pesticide sorption and degradation in contrasting Brazilian soils and the development of a novel 3-Phase Assay to assess sorption reversibility.

Brazilian soils have distinctive characteristics to European and North American soils which are typically used to investigate pesticide fate. This study aimed to compare soil-water partition coefficient (K), reversibility of adsorption and degradation half-life (DT) of 5 pesticides covering a wide range of physico-chemical properties in contrasting Brazilian soils (Argissolo, Gleissolo, Latossolo and Neossolo) and a temperate (UK) alfisol soil, and to study their relationship with soil OM, clay and expandable clay content, CEC and pH. In addition, we used a novel laboratory test to evaluate sorption reversibility, the 3-Phase Assay (3PA).

Responsive cancer care in Asia: stigma and pain must be acknowledged and addressed.

Purpose: This study investigates whether cancer-related stigma and pain among patients with advanced cancer influences their perceptions of receiving responsive care.

Methods: We surveyed 2138 advanced cancer patients from 11 hospitals in eight Asian countries. Participants rated their most recent healthcare visit and a hypothetical patient's experience described in vignettes concerning dignity, clarity of information, and involvement in decision-making.

Validation of a Pretransplant Risk Prediction Model for Early Allograft Dysfunction After Living-donor Liver Transplantation.

Background: Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) affects outcomes in liver transplantation (LT). Existing risk models developed for deceased-donor LT depend on posttransplant factors and fall short in living-donor LT (LDLT), where pretransplant evaluations are crucial for preventing EAD and justifying the donor's risks.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 2944 adult patients who underwent LDLT at 17 centers between 2016 and 2020.

Multidimensional Classification and Prediction of Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify outcome clusters among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), 6 months to 10 years post-injury, in an Australian rehabilitation sample, and determine whether scores on 12 dimensions, combined with demographic and injury severity variables, could predict outcome cluster membership 1 to 3 years post-injury.

Setting: Rehabilitation hospital.

Participants: A total of 467 individuals with TBI, aged 17 to 87 (M = 44.

Cost-Effective Quality of Life Improvement While Reducing Health Care Professional Burnout With an AI-Driven Intervention for Personalized Medicine.

Background And Aims: Burnout affects >50% of physicians and nurses. Spotlight-AQ is a personalized digital health platform designed to improve routine diabetes visits. We assessed cost-effectiveness, visit length, and association with health care professional (HCP) burnout.

Acute and chronic effects of an intervention aiming to reduce prolonged sitting on glucose regulation in individuals with dysglycaemia.

Acute studies have consistently demonstrated small-to-medium glycaemic responses to breaking prolonged sitting, yet it is not known whether acute effects are maintained following a period of intervention or whether behavioural interventions lead to sustained benefits. A single arm, 4-week intervention with pre and post "two-arm" randomised cross-over conditions, study was conducted to investigate whether reducing prolonged sitting in free-living affects acute and chronic glucose and insulin responses. Adults aged 40-75 years living with overweight or obesity with an elevated HbA1c (5.

Understanding the selectivity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for cyclooxygenases using quantum crystallography and electrostatic interaction energy.

Quantum crystallography methods have been employed to investigate complex formation between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, with particular focus on the COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms. This study analyzed the electrostatic interaction energies of selected NSAIDs (flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, meloxicam and celecoxib) with the active sites of COX-1 and COX-2, revealing significant differences in binding profiles. Flurbiprofen exhibited the strongest interactions with both COX-1 and COX-2, indicating its potent binding affinity.

Patent ductus arteriosus closure in infants weighing less than 1500 g via a tiny microcatheter: a simple technique with zero-contrast exposure.

Background: Despite patent ductus arteriosus closure in premature infants is a relatively fast procedure, it involves specific steps for equipment exchange and the use of a 4-Fr catheter, which may be large for tiny infants, potentially causing haemodynamic instability or tricuspid valve regurgitation.

Objectives: This study aims to describe the early experience with a new technique designed to simplify transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus closure in premature infants. It enables the closure using the KA micro plug device via a single microcatheter without equipment exchanges and contrast exposure.

Abolition of Aorticorenal Ganglia Pacing Responses Improves Denervation Efficacy.

Background: Transcatheter renal denervation (RDN) remains inconsistent despite developments in ablation technologies, due to the lack of an intraprocedural physiological end point.

Objective: To identify whether aorticorenal ganglion (ARG) guided RDN using microwave (MW) catheter leads to more consistent denervation outcomes compared with empirical MW ablation.

Methods: Pigs underwent sham procedure (n=8) or bilateral RDN using an in-house built open-irrigated MW catheter.

Age-related biomechanical variations in vertical jumping and sprinting performance among basketball players.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate age-related differences in physical performance metrics, specifically vertical jumping and sprinting capabilities, between young (average age 12.5) and senior (average age 23.2) male basketball players.

Oral behaviors in Chinese temporomandibular disorder patients: insights from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the factor structure of the Oral Behaviors Checklist (OBC) in Chinese temporomandibular disorder (TMDs) patients and compare the outcomes with those of Western patients. Additionally, it examined the correlations between different OBC subscale scoring methods.

Methods: A total of 869 patients completed a survey that included demographic information, the Symptom Questionnaire, and OBC.

Understanding the vaginal microbiome among women with different genotypes of human papillomavirus infection in remote Andaman islands.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a viral infection, and its acquisition and persistence are significantly influenced by the vaginal microbiota. Understanding and comparing the vaginal microbiome of HPV infected women in Andaman and Nicobar Islands is crucial.

Methods: The study involved collecting vaginal swabs and extracting DNA using the QIAamp DNA Minikit.

Global insights into the genome dynamics of associated with antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and genomic adaptations among clonal lineages.

Background: is a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections, with rising antimicrobial resistance complicating treatment. This study offers a genomic analysis of , focusing on sequence types (STs), global distribution, antibiotic resistance genes, and virulence factors in its chromosomal and plasmid DNA.

Methods: A total of 19,711 genomes were retrieved from GenBank.

Retraction: Advancing Perioperative Neurocognitive Health: A Critical Review of Predictive Tools, Diagnostic Methods, and Interventional Strategies.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59436.

Genetics, sex and the use of platelet-rich plasma influence the development of arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: To identify genes and patient factors that are related to the development of arthrofibrosis in patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to develop a prognostic model.

Methods: The study included patients diagnosed with ACL injury who underwent ACL reconstruction. Patients were enroled consecutively and divided into non-fibrotic (controls) and fibrotic (cases) groups until a balanced sample of matched case-control was achieved.

Effect of botanical powders and the assassin bug, Mont. and Sign. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) against Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) infesting yam chips.

Background: Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) is the main pest of stored dried yam chips that causes significant losses in less than 3 months. The assassin bug, (Montrouzier & Signoret) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and the African mahogany ( (Desv.) A.

Salt Based or BaLanced SolUtion-Trends Existing in Indian Intensive Care Units: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study (SOLUTE Study).

Introduction: Fluid administration is a commonly practiced intervention in the intensive care unit (ICU) with normal saline being the preferred fluid. We sought to understand the current practice of fluid administration and choice of fluids in Indian ICUs and its effect on renal outcomes.

Materials And Methods: The Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM)-endorsed multicenter prospective observational study was conducted on practice of fluid administration in critically ill patients between May 1, 2020, and January 31, 2023.

Developing a codesigned text message-based digital oral health education resource (TOOTH).

Objective: Digital health technologies offer a more equitable way of providing access to health education. This study engaged consumers and clinicians from two Australian regions with a high burden of oral disease to develop a digital oral health resource called "TOOTH" tailored for adults.

Methods: A total of three focus groups (one clinician and two consumers) were conducted to identify themes that were used to draft text message content.

Optimizing lipopeptide bioactivity: The impact of non-ionic surfactant dressing.

The aim of the research is to increase the applicability of lipopeptides as drugs. To this end, non-ionic triblock copolymers, namely poloxamers, were applied. The physico-chemical properties of poloxamers vary depending on the length of the blocks.

How does the medicines retail sector ensure continued access to medicines during public health emergencies? Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda.

Background: The medicines retail sector (MRS) enables access to life-saving health commodities. Despite efforts to harness this market for public health goals, in low- and middle-income countries it is rarely incorporated into pandemic preparedness. This paper analyses the role of the MRS in the response to COVID-19 in Uganda, the extent to which it was incorporated into national planning and in the continuity of essential services.

Nodular Hidradenoma With Atypical Features in a Young Patient: A Case Report.

Eccrine acrospiromas, also known as hidradenomas, are rare benign tumors that develop from the eccrine sweat glands. Hidradenoma is a multilobular, nonencapsulated, well-circumscribed dermal nodule that may involve the epidermis and extend into the subcutaneous fat. The etiology and prevalence of nodular hidradenoma are not well defined, but it is noted that it can occur spontaneously or traumatically.

Overcoming Recurrent Isolated Sleep Paralysis: A Case Report of Integrative Management With Yoga, Meditation, and Vitamin D3 Supplementation.

Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) is a rare but distressing condition characterized by episodes of temporary immobility during transitions between wakefulness and sleep. This report describes a 30-year-old female presenting frequently with nightmares, sleep paralysis, and associated stress, successfully managed with a holistic approach incorporating yoga, meditation, chanting, and vitamin D3 supplementation. The patient's significant history of osteoporosis (in February 2019, bone density T-score <-2.

The Creation of the Arabic Version of the Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQoL©) with Validation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation.

Purpose: Hyperhidrosis (HH) is characterized by excessive sweating, which can significantly affect quality of life. The Hyperhidrosis Quality of Life Index (HidroQoL©) is the latest tool that has been developed and validated for assessing the quality of life of patients with HH. Because of the absence of an Arabic version of the HidroQoL©, this research aimed to create, validate, and adapt the HidroQoL© into Arabic.