865 results match your criteria: "Research at Heinrich-Heine-University[Affiliation]"

Glycaemic fluctuations across the menstrual cycle: possible effect of the brain.

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol

December 2023

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany; Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address:

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by tissue-specific insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, which result from the interplay of local abnormalities within different tissues and systemic dysregulation of tissue crosstalk. The main local mechanisms comprise metabolic (lipid) signalling, altered mitochondrial metabolism with oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and local inflammation. While the role of endocrine dysregulation in T2DM pathogenesis is well established, other forms of inter-organ crosstalk deserve closer investigation to better understand the multifactorial transition from normoglycaemia to hyperglycaemia.

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Context: Low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) is associated with long-standing diabetes but little is known about SMM in newly diagnosed diabetes.

Objective: We aimed to identify correlates of SMM in recent-onset diabetes and to compare SMM between novel diabetes subtypes.

Methods: SMM was normalized to body mass index (SMM/BMI) in 842 participants with known diabetes duration of less than 1 year from the German Diabetes Study (GDS).

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Background: Heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes presentation and progression suggests that precision medicine interventions could improve clinical outcomes. We undertook a systematic review to determine whether strategies to subclassify type 2 diabetes were associated with high quality evidence, reproducible results and improved outcomes for patients.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase for publications that used 'simple subclassification' approaches using simple categorisation of clinical characteristics, or 'complex subclassification' approaches which used machine learning or 'omics approaches in people with established type 2 diabetes.

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Article Synopsis
  • Precision medicine is an evolving approach in healthcare that aims to enhance decision-making and health outcomes, particularly in managing diabetes, which poses serious health risks for millions globally.
  • The second international consensus report on precision diabetes medicine reviews current findings on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis across different forms of diabetes, highlighting the potential for translating research into clinical practice.
  • The report also identifies knowledge gaps and sets out key milestones for better clinical implementation, emphasizing the need for standards addressing cost-effectiveness, health equity, and accessibility in treatment options.
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Quantitative assessment of angioplasty-induced vascular inflammation with F cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

J Cardiovasc Magn Reson

October 2023

Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • Macrophages are crucial in vascular inflammation and predicting cardiovascular issues; this study used Fluorine-19 MRI to visualize and quantify macrophage activity in pigs after carotid artery angioplasty.
  • Eight minipigs underwent mild and severe vascular injuries, followed by the injection of a perfluorocarbon agent three days later to track inflammatory responses using imaging techniques.
  • Results showed successful angioplasty in all subjects, with notable macrophage infiltration and no serious adverse effects; imaging was particularly effective in detecting responses from severe injuries, correlating F MRI signals with macrophage density.
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Brain insulin action on peripheral insulin sensitivity in women depends on menstrual cycle phase.

Nat Metab

September 2023

Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Insulin action in the human brain modulates eating behaviour, whole-body metabolism and body fat distribution. In particular, brain insulin action increases whole-body insulin sensitivity, but these studies were mainly performed in lean men. Here we investigate metabolic and hypothalamic effects of brain insulin action in women with a focus on the impact of menstrual cycle ( ClinicalTrials.

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Background And Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D), but also to hypothyroidism. Nevertheless, the relationship between thyroid function and NAFLD in diabetes is less clear. This study investigated associations between free thyroxine (fT4) or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and NAFLD in recent-onset diabetes.

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Advances in the development of noninvasive imaging techniques have spurred investigations into ectopic lipid deposition in the liver and muscle and its implications in the development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Computed tomography and ultrasound have been applied in the past, though magnetic resonance-based methods are currently considered the gold standard as they allow more accurate quantitative detection of ectopic lipid stores. This review focuses on methodological considerations of magnetic resonance-based methods to image hepatic and muscle fat fractions, and it emphasizes anatomical and morphological aspects and how these may influence data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation.

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Background/objectives: Findings from epidemiological studies showed controversial findings between dietary sugar intake and the development of diabetes. Most of these studies assessed dietary sugar intake by self-reports which might be prone to bias. Urinary sucrose, an objective biomarker of sucrose intake, might provide better insights into this association.

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Background: Heterogeneous metabolic clusters have been identified in diabetic and prediabetic states. It is not known whether such pathophysiologic clusters impact survival in at-risk persons being evaluated for coronary heart disease.

Methods: The LURIC Study recruited patients referred for coronary angiography at a median age of 63 (IQR 56-70) with a follow-up of 16.

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Increasing evidence has revealed that exposure to low temperatures is linked to a higher risk of chronic diseases and death; however, the mechanisms underlying the observed associations are still poorly understood. We performed a cross-sectional analysis with 1115 participants from the population-based KORA F4 study, which was conducted in Augsburg, Germany, from 2006 to 2008. Seventy-one inflammation-related protein biomarkers were analyzed in serum using proximity extension assay technology.

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Background: Water T of the liver has been shown to be promising in discriminating the progressive forms of fatty liver diseases, inflammation, and fibrosis, yet proper correction for iron and lipid is required.

Purpose: To examine the feasibility of an empirical approach for iron and lipid correction when measuring imaging-based T and to validate this approach by spectroscopy on in vivo data.

Study Type: Retrospective.

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Lifestyle modification represents the first-line strategy for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is frequently associated with obesity and characterized by defective pancreatic insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance. Exercise training is an essential component of lifestyle modification and has been shown to ameliorate insulin resistance by reducing body fat mass and by enhancing skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and insulin-independent glucose uptake. Additionally, exercising stimulates the release of exerkines such as metabolites or cytokines, but also long non-coding RNA, microRNAs, cell-free DNA (cf-DNA), and extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contribute to inter-tissue communication.

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Effects of TM6SF2 rs58542926 polymorphism on hepatocellular lipids and insulin resistance in early type 2 diabetes.

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis

September 2023

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Increased hepatocellular lipid content (HCL) is linked to insulin resistance, risk of type 2 diabetes and related complications. Conversely, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (TM6SF2; rs58542926) in the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2-gene has been associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but lower cardiovascular risk. This case-control study tested the role of this polymorphism for tissue-specific insulin sensitivity during early course of diabetes.

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Unlabelled: Intramyocellular lipid content (IMCL) is elevated in insulin-resistant humans, but it changes over time, and relationships with comorbidities remain unclear. We examined IMCL during the initial course of diabetes and its associations with complications. Participants of the German Diabetes Study (GDS) with recent-onset type 1 (n = 132) or type 2 diabetes (n = 139) and glucose-tolerant control subjects (n = 128) underwent 1H-MRS to measure IMCL and muscle volume, whole-body insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps; M-value), and cycling spiroergometry (VO2max).

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Neuropathy in prediabetes.

Diabetes Metab Res Rev

November 2023

Diabetes Centre, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece.

Diabetic neuropathies are the most frequent complications of diabetes, contributing to high morbidity, excess mortality, reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare costs. Prediabetes is characterised by glucose levels within an intermediate range above normoglycaemia yet below the diagnostic threshold for diabetes. In 2021, 10.

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Background: COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, was shown to be associated with an increased risk of new-onset diabetes. Mechanisms contributing to the development of hyperglycemia are still unclear. We aimed to study whether hyperglycemia is related to insulin resistance and/or beta cell dysfunction.

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Alterations of hepatic energy metabolism in murine models of obesity, diabetes and fatty liver diseases.

EBioMedicine

August 2023

Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Disturbed hepatic energy metabolism contributes to non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), but the development of changes over time and obesity- or diabetes-related mechanisms remained unclear.

Methods: Two-day old male C57BL/6j mice received streptozotocin (STZ) or placebo (PLC) and then high-fat (HFD) or regular chow diet (RCD) from week 4 (W4) to either W8 or W16, yielding control [CTRL = PLC + RCD], diabetes [DIAB = STZ + RCD], obesity [OBES = PLC + HFD] and diabetes-related non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH = STZ + HFD] models. Mitochondrial respiration was measured by high-resolution respirometry and insulin-sensitive glucose metabolism by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with stable isotope dilution.

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Protection of pancreatic islets from oxidative cell death by a peripherally-active morphinan with increased drug safety.

Mol Metab

September 2023

Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Electronic address:

Objective: Dextromethorphan (DXM) is a commonly used antitussive medication with positive effects in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, since it increases glucose tolerance and protects pancreatic islets from cell death. However, its use as an antidiabetic medication is limited due to its central nervous side effects and potential use as a recreational drug. Therefore, we recently modified DXM chemically to reduce its blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration and central side effects.

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Objective: We investigated whether COVID-19 vaccination had an impact on diabetes risk.

Methods: We used data of 6,198 patients (mean age 64.3 years) from the nationwide Disease Analyzer database, a representative panel of physicians' practices in Germany.

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Introduction: To investigate the associations of a lifestyle score with various cardiovascular risk markers, indicators for fatty liver disease as well as MRI-determined total, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue mass in adults with new-onset diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 196 individuals with type 1 (median age: 35 years; median body mass index (BMI): 24 kg/m²) and 272 with type 2 diabetes (median age: 53 years; median BMI: 31 kg/m²) from the German Diabetes Study. A healthy lifestyle score was generated based on healthy diet, moderate alcohol consumption, recreational activity, non-smoking and non-obese BMI.

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Article Synopsis
  • TERT promoter mutations are common in cancer, linked to higher TERT expression and cell growth, and may affect treatment options for melanoma.
  • Our research, analyzing melanoma cohorts, found no clear link between TERT mutations or expression and survival rates under immune checkpoint therapy, but higher TERT levels were associated with increased CD4+ T cells and signs of immune exhaustion.
  • TERT expression was notably higher in metastases from thinner primary tumors, indicating its potential role in tumor invasion and metastasis, along with non-traditional functions like maintaining mitochondrial DNA stability and aiding nuclear DNA repair.
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Background: Trends over time and possible socio-spatial inequalities in the incidence and care of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in children and adolescents are important parameters for the planning of target-specific treatment structures.

Methodology: The incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis and severe hypoglycaemia as well as the HbA1c value are presented for under 18-year-olds based on data from the nationwide Diabetes Prospective Follow-up Registry (DPV) and the diabetes registry of North Rhine-Westphalia. Indicators were mapped by sex over time between 2014 and 2020, and stratified by sex, age and regional socioeconomic deprivation for 2020.

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