Evaluation of spatiotemporal associations between COVID-19 pandemic waves and the incidence of pediatric type 1 diabetes in Germany considering time lags: A register-based ecological study.

To analyze the ecological relationship between COVID-19 incidence in the total population and type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence in children and adolescents, spatiotemporal models were applied considering time lags from 0 to 12 months. The results do not indicate a positive correlation between COVID-19 incidence and T1D incidence.

Health-Related Quality of Life and Experiences of Minor Children With Parental Cancer-A Family-Based Multilevel Analysis of Determinants.

Objective: Children in families with parental cancer may experience emotional, social or physical problems. The aims are to analyze child, parent and family-based determinants of children's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and their experiences of parental cancer.

Methods: As part of a mixed-methods, multicenter, prospective, interventional non-randomized study "Family-SCOUT," a family-centered intervention in the form of care and case management was developed.

The mediatory role of androgens on sex differences in glucose homeostasis and incidence of type 2 diabetes: the KORA study.

Background: Sex differences exist in type 2 diabetes (T2D), and androgens have been implicated in the etiology of T2D in a sex-specific manner. We therefore aimed to investigate whether androgens play a role in explaining sex differences in glucose homeostasis and incidence of T2D.

Methods: We used observational data from the German population-based KORA F4 study (n = 1975, mean age: 54 years, 41% women) and its follow-up examination KORA FF4 (median follow-up 6.

Projected number of people in need for long-term care in Germany until 2050.

Introduction: Current demographic trends predict continuously growing numbers of individuals reliant on care, which has to be accounted for in future planning of long-term care-resources. The projection of developments becomes especially necessary in order to enable healthcare systems to cope with this future burden and to implement suitable strategies to deal with the demand of long-term care. This study aimed to project the prevalence of long-term care and the number of care-dependent people in Germany until 2050.

Young adults' circulating FGF23 and α-klotho and their relationship with habitual dietary acid load and phosphorus intake during growth.

The bone-derived hormone FGF23, primarily secreted by osteocytes, is a major player in the regulation of phosphate homeostasis. It becomes upregulated by increased circulating phosphate concentration, e.g.

Simultaneous determination of glucose and albumin in human urine using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

The ability to quantify albuminuria and glucose is important in identifying conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetes. This study utilized Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to analyze aqueous urine samples spiked with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glucose at different concentrations. The aim was to determine the limit of detection of the technology using aqueous samples for the future development of a pathological prediction model.

Blood flow-induced angiocrine signals promote organ growth and regeneration.

Recently, we identified myeloid-derived growth factor (MYDGF) as a blood flow-induced angiocrine signal that promotes human and mouse hepatocyte proliferation and survival. Here, we review literature reporting changes in blood flow after partial organ resection in the liver, lung, and kidney, and we describe the angiocrine signals released by endothelial cells (ECs) upon blood flow alterations in these organs. While hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and MYDGF are important angiocrine signals for liver regeneration, by now, angiocrine signals have also been reported to stimulate hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy during the regeneration of lungs and kidneys.

Omentin Increases Glucose Uptake, but Not Insulin Sensitivity in Human Myotubes Dependent on Extracellular Lactotransferrin.

Introduction: Omentin (intelectin-1) is an adipokine produced by the stromal vascular fraction of visceral adipose tissue and has been positively associated with insulin sensitivity. The underlying mechanism of action, however, is largely unknown. It has been described that omentin may increase insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake of adipocytes, but effects on other insulin-sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle are unexplored.

Subphenotypes of adult-onset diabetes: Data-driven clustering in the population-based KORA cohort.

Aims: A data-driven cluster analysis in a cohort of European individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has previously identified four subgroups based on clinical characteristics. In the current study, we performed a comprehensive statistical assessment to (1) replicate the above-mentioned original clusters; (2) derive de novo T2D subphenotypes in the Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung in der Region Augsburg (KORA) cohort and (3) describe underlying genetic risk and diabetes complications.

Methods: We used data from n = 301 individuals with T2D from KORA FF4 study (Southern Germany).

The Journey to a FAIR CORE DATA SET for Diabetes Research in Germany.

The German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) established a core data set (CDS) of clinical parameters relevant for diabetes research in 2021. The CDS is central to the design of current and future DZD studies. Here, we describe the process and outcomes of FAIRifying the initial version of the CDS.

Role of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 gene for decreasing kidney function in recently diagnosed diabetes mellitus.

Aims: We examined the association of the G allele in the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs738409 in the third exon of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 gene (PNPLA3) gene, with chronic kidney disease in diabetes endotypes.

Methods: Participants with recent-onset diabetes (n = 707) from the prospective German Diabetes Study (GDS) underwent cluster assignment, detailed phenotyping, genotyping and magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify hepatocellular lipid content (HCL).

Results: Severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) had the lowest glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) and highest HCL compared to severe insulin-deficient, moderate obesity-related, moderate age-related and severe autoimmune diabetes endotypes (all p < 0.

Semaglutide 2.4 mg in Participants With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis: Baseline Characteristics and Design of the Phase 3 ESSENCE Trial.

Background: Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has demonstrated potential beneficial effects in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).

Aims: To describe the trial design and baseline characteristics of the 'Effect of Semaglutide in Subjects with Non-cirrhotic Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis' (ESSENCE) trial (NCT04822181).

Methods: ESSENCE is a two-part, phase 3, randomised, multicentre trial evaluating the effect of subcutaneous semaglutide 2.

Transport of Neutral Amino Acids in the Jejunum of Pigs with Special Consideration of L-Methionine.

Methionine (Met) is a popular nutritional supplement in humans and animals. It is routinely supplemented to pigs as L-Met, DL-Met, or DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (DL-HMTBA). We investigated the effect of these Met supplements on jejunal amino acid (AA) transport in male castrated Piétrain × Danbred pigs, also including a non-supplemented group.

Modeling Chronic Disease Mortality by Methods From Accelerated Life Testing.

We propose a parametric model for describing chronic disease mortality from cohort data and illustrate its use for Type 2 diabetes. The model uses ideas from accelerated life testing in reliability theory and conceptualizes the occurrence of a chronic disease as putting the observational unit to an enhanced stress level, which is supposed to shorten its lifetime. It further addresses the issue of semi-competing risk, that is, the asymmetry of death and diagnosis of disease, where the disease can be diagnosed before death, but not after.

Association of plasma proteomics with mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes: Results from two population-based KORA cohort studies.

Background: Protein biomarkers may contribute to the identification of vulnerable subgroups for premature mortality. This study aimed to investigate the association of plasma proteins with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with and without baseline type 2 diabetes (T2D) and evaluate their impact on the prediction of all-cause mortality in two prospective Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) studies.

Methods: The discovery cohort comprised 1545 participants (median follow-up 15.

Expression of Intelectin-1, also known as Omentin-1, is related to clinical phenotypes such as overweight, obesity, insulin resistance, and changes after bariatric surgery.

Intelectin-1 (ITLN1; also Omentin-1, OMNT1) is secreted by adipose tissue (AT) and plays an important role in glucose metabolism regulation, with links to obesity-associated diseases. ITLN1 activity so far has rarely been investigated using RNA-sequencing and in larger cohorts. We evaluated ITLN1 expression among three clinical cohorts of the Leipzig Obesity BioBank-a cross-sectional cohort comprising of 1480 people, a cohort of people with metabolically healthy or unhealthy obesity (31 insulin-sensitive, 42 insulin-resistant individuals with obesity), and a longitudinal two-step bariatric surgery cohort (n = 65).

Effects of carotenoid supplementation on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Objectives: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of carotenoid supplementation on glycemic indices, and the certainty of evidence.

Methods: A systematic literature search in PubMed, SCOPUS, ISI-Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted from inception up to Jun 17, 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of carotenoid supplementation on circulating glycemic parameters were included.

Model of integrated mental health video consultations for people with depression or anxiety in primary care (PROVIDE-C): assessor masked, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate whether an integrated mental health video consultation approach (PROVIDE model) can improve symptoms compared with usual care in adults with depression and anxiety disorders attending primary care.

Design: Assessor masked, multicentre, randomised controlled trial (PROVIDE-C).

Setting: In 29 primary care practices in Germany, working remotely online from one trial hub.

Stool and blood metabolomics in the metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction/objectives: Changes in the stool metabolome have been poorly studied in the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Moreover, few studies have explored the relationship of stool metabolites with circulating metabolites. Here, we investigated the associations between stool and blood metabolites, the MetS and systemic inflammation.