Limb Underloading in Walking Transmits Less Dynamic Knee Joint Contact Forces after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Introduction: Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) often walk with a less dynamic vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), exemplified by a reduced first peak vGRF and elevated midstance vGRF compared to uninjured controls. However, the mechanism by which altered limb loading affects actual tibial plateau contact forces during walking remains unclear.

Methods: Our purpose was to use musculoskeletal simulation to evaluate the effects of first peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) biofeedback on bilateral tibiofemoral contact forces relevant to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA) in 20 individuals with ACLR.

Fluctuations in mHealth engagement following receipt of goal-discrepant feedback messages.

Objective: Digital behavior change interventions can successfully promote change in behavioral outcomes, but often suffer from steep decreases in engagement over time, which hampers their effectiveness. Providing feedback on goal performance is an established technique to promote goal attainment; however, theory indicates that sending goal-discrepant feedback messages could cause some users to respond more negatively than others. This analysis assessed whether goal-discrepant messaging was negatively associated with participant engagement, and if this relationship was exacerbated by baseline depressive symptoms within the context of a three-month weight loss pilot mHealth intervention.

Expanding the Landscape of Aging via Orbitrap Astral Mass Spectrometry and Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) Integration.

Aging results in a progressive decline in physiological function due to the deterioration of essential biological processes, such as transcription and RNA splicing, ultimately increasing mortality risk. Although proteomics is emerging as a powerful tool for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of aging, existing studies are constrained by limited proteome coverage and only observe a narrow range of lifespan. To overcome these limitations, we integrated the Orbitrap Astral Mass Spectrometer with the multiplex tandem mass tag (TMT) technology to profile the proteomes of three brain tissues (cortex, hippocampus, striatum) and kidney in the C57BL/6JN mouse model, achieving quantification of 8,954 to 9,376 proteins per tissue (cumulatively 12,749 across all tissues).

Addressing Methodological Challenges in Follow-Up RCTs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Impact of the Good Behavior Game and MyTeachingPartner™ on Teacher Burnout and Self-Efficacy.

Retention of early career teachers is a critical issue in education, with burnout and self-efficacy serving as important precursors to teachers leaving the field. An integration of the PAX Good Behavior Game (GBG; Barrish et al., 1969) and MyTeachingPartner (MTP; Allen et al.

Associations of prenatal urinary melamine, melamine analogues, and aromatic amines with gestational duration and fetal growth in the ECHO Cohort.

Melamine, its analogues, and aromatic amines (AAs) were commonly detected in a previous study of pregnant women in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort. While these chemicals have identified toxicities, little is known about their influences on fetal development. We measured these chemicals in gestational urine samples in 3 ECHO cohort sites to assess associations with birth outcomes (n = 1,231).

Persistent Short Sleep Duration From Pregnancy to 2 to 7 Years After Delivery and Metabolic Health.

Importance: Short sleep duration during pregnancy and the perimenopausal period has been associated with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes. However, it remains unclear how sleep duration changes after delivery and whether such changes are associated with the cardiometabolic health of birthing people.

Objective: To investigate whether persistently short sleep during pregnancy and after delivery is associated with incident hypertension and metabolic syndrome.

Understanding Uncertainty in Market-Mediated Responses to US Oilseed Biodiesel Demand: Sensitivity of ILUC Emission Estimates to GLOBIOM Parametric Uncertainty.

The life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of biofuels depend on uncertain estimates of induced land use change (ILUC) and subsequent emissions from carbon stock changes. Demand for oilseed-based biofuels is associated with particularly complex market and supply chain dynamics, which must be considered. Using the global partial equilibrium model GLOBIOM, this study explores the uncertainty in market-mediated impacts and ILUC-related emissions from increasing demand for soybean biodiesel in the United States in the period 2020-2050.

Stigma and discrimination faced by adolescents living with HIV and experiencing depression in Malawi.

Background: In Malawi, approximately 25% of adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) also suffer from depression. Not only is HIV stigma a major contributor to depression but it also adversely impacts HIV care engagement. ALWH can experience HIV stigma as stereotyping, social exclusion, low social support, and abuse, and these experiences are associated with poor mental health.

Receipt of Medications for Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorders: The Importance of Service Utilization Patterns.

Medications for alcohol use disorder (MAUD) and opioid use disorder (MOUD) are underutilized evidence-based treatments. While patients often receive treatment in multiple medical treatment settings, it is unknown whether certain treatment settings or combinations of settings are associated with increased receipt of MAUD or MOUD. Data from the cross-sectional 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were used to identify treatment settings where adult respondents received any past year alcohol treatment (n = 476, 33% female) or, separately, opioid treatment (n = 337, 38% female).

Serotonin 1A Receptors Modulate Serotonin 2A Receptor-Mediated Behavioral Effects of 5-Methoxy-,-dimethyltryptamine Analogs in Mice.

5-methoxy-,-dimethyltrytpamine (5-MeO-DMT) analogs are used as recreational drugs, but they are also being developed as potential medicines, warranting further investigation into their pharmacology. Here, we investigated the neuropharmacology of 5-MeO-DMT and several of its -alkyl, -allyl, and 2-methyl analogs, with three major aims: 1) to determine in vitro receptor profiles for the compounds, 2) to characterize in vitro functional activities at serotonin (5-HT) 2A receptors (5-HT) and 1A receptors (5-HT), and 3) to examine the influence of 5-HT on 5-HT-mediated psychedelic-like effects in the mouse head twitch response (HTR) model. In vitro receptor binding and functional assays showed that all 5-MeO-DMT analogs bind with high affinity and activate multiple targets (e.

Understanding the Social Dimensions and Context in HIV Research: Instrument Adaptation is More than .

There is a shortage of health-related questionnaires developed specifically for African countries' cultural contexts and local languages. Researchers have translated some tools to the target local languages. However, poor quality translation, or even high-quality translation, can lead to an instrument that is not comparable to the original language if linguistic nuances and cultural differences are not considered.

Wildfire-relevant woodsmoke and extracellular vesicles (EVs): Alterations in EV proteomic signatures involved in extracellular matrix degradation and tissue injury in airway organotypic models.

Wildfires adversely impact air quality and public health worldwide. Exposures to wildfire smoke are linked to adverse health outcomes, including cardiopulmonary diseases. Critical research gaps remain surrounding the underlying biological pathways leading to wildfire-induced health effects.

The Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool: Adaptation and Content Validation for Children and Caregivers of Children with Atopic Dermatitis.

Introduction: The Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool (ADCT) assesses six concepts regarding patient-perceived control of atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults and adolescents with AD. This study aimed to develop two modified ADCT versions, one for children with AD aged 8-11 years and another for caregivers of children with AD aged 6 months to 11 years.

Methods: Following the US Food and Drug Administration patient-reported outcomes guidance, the ADCT was modified to produce draft Child and Caregiver ADCT versions, maintaining the original six concepts.

Environmental public health research at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: A blueprint for exposure science in a connected world.

Exposure science plays an essential role in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.

State Full Practice Authority Regulations and Nurse Practitioner Practice Autonomy: Evidence From the 2018 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses.

State full practice authority (FPA) laws are designed to permit NPs to practice autonomously from physicians. Little is known regarding how FPA laws affect NPs' practice autonomy in daily practice. This study used nationwide survey data from 20,830 NPs to estimate how NPs' practice autonomy differs between NPs in FPA and non-FPA states.

The Influence of the Estrous Cycle on Neuropeptide S Receptor-Mediated Behaviors.

The neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Central administration of neuropeptide S (NPS) in male mice produces anxiolytic-like effects, hyperlocomotion, and memory enhancement. Currently, the literature is limited in the number of studies investigating the effects of NPS in female test subjects despite females facing a higher prevalence of anxiety-related pathology, as well as greater risk for adverse effects while taking psychoactive drugs.

Coverage of community-wide mass drug administration platforms for soil-transmitted helminths in Benin, India, and Malawi: findings from the DeWorm3 project.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) affect approximately 1.5 billion people globally. The current STH control strategy is annual or twice-annual preventive chemotherapy, typically school-based deworming targeting children and women of reproductive age.

Retention in HIV Primary Care Using a Web-Based Patient Engagement Platform: Multistate Case-Control Study.

Background: Digital interventions to improve retention in HIV care are critical to ensure viral suppression and prevent further transmission. AIDS Healthcare Foundation Healthcare Centers are centers across the United States that provide primary HIV care. Traditionally, the Healthcare Centers conduct phone calls with patients to schedule and confirm appointments, as well as share laboratory results.

Understanding Potential Mechanisms of Vaping Prevention Messages: A Mediation Analysis of the Real Cost Campaign Advertisements.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed a public education campaign, , that reduced youth susceptibility to tobacco product use.

Cerebral injury and retinopathy as risk factors for blindness in extremely preterm infants.

Objective: This study investigates whether and to what extent cerebral injury is associated with bilateral blindness in extremely preterm infants, which has been attributed mainly to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Design: Multicentre analysis of children born from 1994 to 2021 at gestational age 22 0/7 to 28 6/7 weeks with follow-up at 18-26 months. Logistic regression examined the adjusted association of bilateral blindness with severe ROP and/or cerebral injury among extremely preterm infants.