The IMproving Preclinical Assessment of Cardioprotective Therapies (IMPACT): multicenter pig study on the effect of ischemic preconditioning.

Numerous cardioprotective interventions have been reported to reduce myocardial infarct size (IS) in pre-clinical studies. However, their translation for the benefit of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been largely disappointing. One reason for the lack of translation is the lack of rigor and reproducibility in pre-clinical studies.

Comparison of assays measuring extracellular vesicle tissue factor in plasma samples: communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Vascular Biology.

Background: Scientific and clinical interest in extracellular vesicles (EVs) is growing. EVs that expose tissue factor (TF) bind factor VII/VIIa and can trigger coagulation. Highly procoagulant TF-exposing EVs are detectable in the circulation in various diseases, such as sepsis, COVID-19, or cancer.

New pattern of atypical advanced interatrial block.

Introduction: Interatrial block (IAB) is defined as prolonged P-wave duration (≥ 120 ms) due to delayed conduction in the Bachmann bundle. This is readily identifiable using surface electrocardiogram (ECG). Advanced IAB can be classified as typical and atypical.

A Novel ELISA for the Quantification of Serum Levels of 2 Glycosylated Variants of Apolipoprotein J: Biomarkers for Myocardial Ischemia.

Background: Previous studies have pointed out a potential role of ApoJ-Glyc as a biomarker of cardiac ischemia. The aim of this study was to validate the analytical performance of 2 novel ELISAs against 2 different glycosylated ApoJ variants, ApoJ-GlycA2 and ApoJ-GlycA6.

Methods: The analytical measuring range, limit of blank (LoB), lower limit of quantification (LoQ), precision, accuracy, recovery, cross-reactivity, and stability were evaluated in serum samples.

Elevated plasma complement factor H related 5 protein is associated with venous thromboembolism.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common, multi-causal disease with potentially serious short- and long-term complications. In clinical practice, there is a need for improved plasma biomarker-based tools for VTE diagnosis and risk prediction. Here we show, using proteomics profiling to screen plasma from patients with suspected acute VTE, and several case-control studies for VTE, how Complement Factor H Related 5 protein (CFHR5), a regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation, is a VTE-associated plasma biomarker.

New electrocardiographic aspects of the P wave: Its value in clinical cardiology.

In this article, we will comment on new aspects of P-wave morphology that help us to better diagnose atrial blocks and atrial enlargement, and their clinical implications. These include: (1) Atypical ECG patterns of advanced interatrial block; (2) The ECG diagnosis of left atrial enlargement versus interatrial block; (3) Atrial fibrillation and advanced interatrial block: The two sides of the same coin; and (4) P-wave parameters: Clinical implications.

Multiallelic Copy Number Variation in ORM1 is Associated with Plasma Cell-Free DNA Levels as an Intermediate Phenotype for Venous Thromboembolism.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common disease with high heritability. However, only a small portion of the genetic variance of VTE can be explained by known genetic risk factors. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been associated with prothrombotic activity.

The Primary Alteration of Ventricular Myocardium Conduction: The Significant Determinant of Left Bundle Branch Block Pattern.

Intraventricular conduction disturbances (IVCD) are currently generally accepted as ECG diagnostic categories. They are characterized by defined QRS complex patterns that reflect the abnormalities in the intraventricular sequence of activation that can be caused by pathology in the His-Purkinje conduction system (HP) or ventricular myocardium. However, the current understanding of the IVCD's underlying mechanism is mostly attributed to HP structural or functional alterations.

Acute, periprocedural and longterm antithrombotic therapy in older adults: 2022 Update by the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis.

The first international guidance on antithrombotic therapy in the elderly came from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Thrombosis in 2015. This same group has updated its previous report on antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs for older patients with acute or chronic coronary syndromes, atrial fibrillation, or undergoing surgery or procedures typical of the elderly (transcatheter aortic valve implantation and left atrial appendage closure). The aim is to provide a succinct but comprehensive tool for readers to understand the bases of antithrombotic therapy in older patients, despite the complexities of comorbidities, comedications and uncertain ischaemic- vs.

A Comprehensive Review of the Pleiotropic Effects of Ticagrelor.

Aims: This review summarizes the findings of preclinical studies evaluating the pleiotropic effects of ticagrelor. These include attenuation of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), inflammation, adverse cardiac remodeling, and atherosclerosis. In doing so, it aims to provide novel insights into ticagrelor's mechanisms and benefits over other P2Y inhibitors.

A comprehensive and longitudinal cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study of the impact of coronary ischemia duration on myocardial damage in a highly translatable animal model.

Objectives: We performed a comprehensive assessment of the effect of myocardial ischemia duration on cardiac structural and functional parameters by serial cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and characterized the evolving scar.

Background: CMR follow-up on the cardiac impact of time of ischemia in a closed-chest animal model of myocardial infarction with human resemblance is missing.

Methods: Pigs underwent MI induction by occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery for 30, 60, 90 or 120 min and then revascularized.

Atrial myxoma surgery and P-wave remodeling.

Introduction: Data regarding atrial electrocardiographic parameters in patients with atrial myxomas are scarce.

Methods: We aimed to study atrial electrocardiographic features in patients with atrial myxomas, before and after surgery. We also analyze the incidence of atrial fibrillation during follow-up and its correlation with different P-wave indexes.

The S1S2S3 electrocardiographic pattern - Prevalence and relation to cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases in the general population.

Background: There is lack of studies exploring the incidence and association with diseases of the S1S2S3 electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern in the general population.

Subjects And Methods: This population study included 6299 individuals aged 30+, and explored the prevalence and association between S1S2S3 and cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Criteria for the S1S2S3-I and S1S2S3-II ECG pattern were fulfilled when there was an S wave in the leads I, II and III, and the S-wave amplitude was greater than the R-wave amplitude in one or two of the leads, respectively.

Assessment and Mitigation of Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation and Venous Thromboembolism: Executive Summary of a European and Asia-Pacific Expert Consensus Paper.

While there is a clear clinical benefit of oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in reducing the risks of thromboembolism, major bleeding events (especially intracranial bleeds) may still occur and be devastating. The decision for initiating and continuing anticoagulation is often based on a careful assessment of both thromboembolism and bleeding risk. The more common and validated bleeding risk factors have been used to formulate bleeding risk stratification scores, but thromboembolism and bleeding risk factors often overlap.

Extracellular Vesicles as Drivers of Immunoinflammation in Atherothrombosis.

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), small lipid-bilayer membrane vesicles released by most cellular types, exert pivotal and multifaceted roles in physiology and disease. Emerging evidence emphasizes the importance of EVs in intercellular communication processes with key effects on cell survival, endothelial homeostasis, inflammation, neoangiogenesis, and thrombosis.

Supplementation With Spirulina Reduces Infarct Size and Ameliorates Cardiac Function in a Pig Model of STEMI.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the clinical manifestation of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. Spirulina is an algae known to ameliorate cardiometabolic disorders and with proven anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. We investigated, in a highly translatable animal model, whether oral supplementation with spirulina protects against the deleterious effects triggered by ST-elevation MI (STEMI).

Antioxidative Effects of Rosuvastatin in Low-to-Moderate Cardiovascular Risk Subjects.

: Although vast clinical evidence supports the oxidative CVD hypothesis, little is known on the effects of statins on LDL/HDL oxidative functionality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative effects of rosuvastatin by monitoring the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation and the antioxidative HDL potential in low-to-moderate CV risk subjects. : 40 adult ambulatory patients (aged 53.

P Wave Parameters and Indices: A Critical Appraisal of Clinical Utility, Challenges, and Future Research-A Consensus Document Endorsed by the International Society of Electrocardiology and the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology.

Atrial cardiomyopathy, characterized by abnormalities in atrial structure and function, is associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular and neurocognitive outcomes, independent of atrial fibrillation. There exists a critical unmet need for a clinical tool that is cost-effective, easy to use, and that can diagnose atrial cardiomyopathy. P wave parameters (PWPs) reflect underlying atrial structure, size, and electrical activation; alterations in these factors manifest as abnormalities in PWPs that can be readily ascertained from a standard 12-lead ECG and potentially be used to aid clinical decision-making.

Cardiovascular Complications of Interatrial Conduction Block: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.

Interatrial block (IAB) is an electrocardiographic pattern describing the conduction delay between the right and left atria. IAB is classified into 3 degrees of block that correspond to decreasing conduction in the region of Bachmann's bundle. Although initially considered benign in nature, specific subsets of IAB have been associated with atrial arrhythmias, elevated thromboembolic stroke risk, cognitive impairment, and mortality.