[Predictive factors for clinical pregnancy in patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter's syndrome undergoing microdissection testicular sperm extraction].

Objective: To investigate the efficiency of microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) in male patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter's syndrome (NMKS), the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in their wives, and the possible predictors of clinical pregnancy.

Methods: Forty-nine males with NMKS underwent micro-TESE in our hospital from July 2016 to November 2018. We compared the age, reproductive hormone levels, and testis volume of the patients between the sperm-positive and -negative groups.

[Correlation of the grades of histologic prostatic inflammation with the risk of prostate cancer in biopsy specimens from men with total PSA of 4－10 μg/L].

Objective: To investigate the association of the grades of histologic prostatic inflammation (HPI) with prostate cancer in biopsy specimens for male patients with total serum PSA (tPSA) of 4－10 μg/L.

Methods: We performed prostate biopsy for 200 patients with tPSA of 4－10 μg/L from January 2015 to December 2017. We determined the location, extent and intensity of HPI and analyzed the correlation of the grades of HPI with the risk of prostate cancer.

[Androgen biosynthesis in castration-resistant prostate cancer: Advances in studies].

Prostate cancer is a most common malignant tumor in the male urogenital system. Currently, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a bottleneck in the treatment of prostate cancer, which has a very poor prognosis, with a median survival of merely 12 months. Although androgen-deprivation therapy eliminates the majority of the androgens in circulation, CRPC patients adapt to low-level androgens by synthesizing intratumoral androgens or altering androgen receptors.

[Surgical strategies for large-volume benign prostatic hyperplasia: How to choose?].

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a gold standard for the treatment of BPH. However, for large-volume BPH, TURP has its disadvantages of longer operation time, more residual glands, more intraoperative bleeding, lower efficiency, and longer hospital stay, which increase the risks of surgery and postoperative symptomatic recurrence. Therefore, minimally invasive treatment of large-volume BPH remains a clinical challenge.

[ARV-7: A biomarker for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer].

As more and more patients with metastatic prostate cancer develop resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and consequently castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), reasonable selection of therapies is becoming increasingly important for the prediction of the therapeutic results. Many studies show that androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) is involved in the development and progression of CRPC and that the expression of AR-V7, absolutely higher in CRPC than in hormone-nave prostate cancer, plays a significant role in the mechanisms of resistance to abiraterone, enzalutamide and taxane chemotherapies. Further more, some clinical trials have revealed that the AR-V7 level may indicate the prognosis of different therapeutic options: AR-V7 negative in circulating tumor cells suggesting the effectiveness of a new hormonal therapy and taxane chemotherapy while AR-V7 positive indicating the poor result of a new hormonal therapy.

Plasma Sarcosine Measured by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Distinguishes Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Prostate Cancer from Benign Prostate Hyperplasia.

Objective: Sarcosine was postulated in 2009 as a biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we assess plasma sarcosine as a biomarker that is complementary to prostate-specific antigen (PSA).

Methods: Plasma sarcosine was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in adults classified as noncancerous controls (with benign prostate hyperplasia [BPH], n = 36), with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN, n = 16), or with PCa (n = 27).

Clinical relevance of somatic mutations in main driver genes detected in gastric cancer patients by next-generation DNA sequencing.

Somatic mutation profiling in gastric cancer (GC) enables main driver mutations to be identified and their clinical and prognostic value to be evaluated. We investigated 77 tumour samples of GC by next-generation sequencing (NGS) with the Ion AmpliSeq Hotspot Panel v2 and a custom panel covering six hereditary gastric cancer predisposition genes (BMPR1A, SMAD4, CDH1, TP53, STK11 and PTEN). Overall, 47 somatic mutations in 14 genes were detected; 22 of these mutations were novel.

[Treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women with antibiotic allergy or intolerance].

Aim: A comparative evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Canephron N and Cystone as monotherapy in women with acute uncomplicated cystitis and antibiotic allergy or intolerance was performed.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled study of drug Canephron N as monotherapy for acute uncomplicated cystitis in 51 women with a history of antibiotic allergy or intolerance was carried out in 3 urological centers in Perm from 2016 to 2019. In the main group, patients received Canephron N for 30 days, while in comparison group, Cystone was prescribed.

A magic kick for regeneration: role of mesenchymal stromal cell secretome in spermatogonial stem cell niche recovery.

Background: Injury of stem cell niches may disturb tissue homeostasis and regeneration coordinated by specific niche components. Yet, the mechanisms of stem cell niche restoration remain poorly understood. Herein, we examined the role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as pivotal regulators of stem cell niche recovery focusing on the effects of their secretome.

Tissue ACE phenotyping in prostate cancer.

Epithelial cells of prostate express significant level of ACE and, as a result, seminal fluid has 50-fold more ACE than plasma. The substitution of highly specialized prostate epithelial cells by tumor cells results in dramatic decrease in ACE production in prostate tissues. We performed detailed characterization of ACE status in prostate tissues from patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PC) using new approach- ACE phenotyping, that includes evaluation of: 1) ACE activity with two substrates (HHL and ZPHL); 2) the ratio of the rates of their hydrolysis (ZPHL/HHL ratio); 3) the ratio of immunoreactive ACE protein to ACE activity; 4) the pattern of mAbs binding to different epitopes on ACE - ACE conformational fingerprint - to reveal conformational changes in prostate ACE due to prostate pathology.

[Why are recommendations on the study of ejaculate not updated?].

In recent years, the quality of germinal cells has been recognized as the main factor determining reproductive potential. Standard sperm analysis is of limited value for predicting both the achievement of a pregnancy and the outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies, which raises the question of the additional significance of functional testing. Most current guidelines recommend to perform additional studies from a scientific point of view, recognizing their importance, but dont include men in the basic diagnostic schemes.

[Polyamines of urogenital tract men as factors of apoptosis regulation spermatozoids].

Unlabelled: The aim of the study was to compare the content of polyamines (spermine and spermidine) in the seminal plasma of men of different fertility and to reveal the relationship between their level in sperm and the presence of markers of apoptosis in gametes.

Materials And Methods: ejaculates of 34 fertile men and 40 infertile men with various forms of subfertility between the ages of 22 and 40 were examined. The determination of polyamines was carried out by electrophoretic fractionation in an agar gel.

[Prevention of bleeding during tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

Introduction: Nephrostomy tube placed after percutaneous removal of kidney stones can cause pain and discomfort in the early postoperative period [1, 2]. A tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is considered as alternative approach. However, the most serious complication after tubeless procedure is a development of active uncontrolled bleeding from percutaneous tract in the early postoperative period.

[The incidence of AZF deletions, CFTR mutations and long alleles of the ar CAG repeats during the primary laboratory diagnostics in a heterogeneous group of infertily men].

Aim: microdeletions in the AZF region of Y-chromosome, compound heterozygotes of severe and mild CFTR mutations, and long CAG-repeats in the androgen receptor gene (AR) as marker of predisposition are frequently studied as genetic causes of male infertility. A simultaneously testing of the panel including biochemical, immunological, cyto- and molecular genetic markers is often performed during the complex laboratory diagnostics in infertile men. The aim of our work was to identify molecular genetic alterations, which are advisable for simultaneously testing in a man with currently uncertain form of infertility, to increase the informativeness of laboratory diagnostics.

[Remote monitoring of urinalysis parametres during treatment of patients with uric acid stones by citrate-containing compounds].

Introduction: Oral dissolution therapy has been successfully used in urologic practice since 1950s. However, many doctors attempt to improve efficiency of this approach. Use of different medical personalized digital devices which are increasingly used in clinical practice, represent one of the solutions of this problem.

[Prediction of the effectiveness of the therapy of LUTS/BPH by Serenoa repens extracts].

Introduction: For the treatment of LUTS/BPH is used a wide range of drugs that patients have to take for a long time. Therefore, it is important to develop methods for predicting long-term results of therapy. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the possibility to predict long-term results of drug therapy of LUTS/BPH using mathematical modeling on the example of treatment with Serenoa repens extract (ESR - Permixon).

[Docosahexaenoic acid in the treatment of idiopathic male infertility].

Aim: docosahexaenoic acid is one of the most common fatty acids in the cell membranes of sperm. This substance is a structural component of cell membranes, and is responsible for such properties as plasticity and fluidity which are necessary for the implementation of the process of capacitation and acrosome reaction. In addition, docosahexaenoic acid has antioxidant properties.

[The features of pathogenesis of urolithiasis in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2].

Introduction: In recent years, a large number of studies has been published that proved a very significant role of diabetes mellitus type 2 for development of urolithiasis. The aim of our work was to conduct a comparative study of biochemical parameters of blood and urine as well as chemical composition of urinary stones in urolithiasis patients in the general population and in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Materials And Methods: The work was divided into 2 stages.

The International Society of Urological Pathology Education web-a web-based system for training and testing of pathologists.

Pathology training resources remain scarce in many parts of the world. With rapid economic development comes the need to educate new pathologists to meet the medical care demands. Our aim was to set up a cost-effective system for training and testing the diagnostic skills of pathologists.

Stimulation of Spermatogenesis and Synthesis of Testosterone by Allotransplantation of Neonatal Testicular Tissue under Tunica Albuginea of Cryptorchid Testis.

The abdominal type of cryptorchism was modeled on random-bred albino rats by replacing both testes from the scrotum into the abdominal cavity for 3 weeks; thereupon they were manipulated into the scrotum. In control rats, no additional surgery was performed. In experimental rats, the testicular tissue obtained from 1-2-day rat pups was transplanted under testicular tunica albuginea.

Simultaneous laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy and nephrectomy in the same living donor: The first case report.

With the presence of organ shortage, living donors remain important sources of grafts, especially for pediatric recipients. Laparoscopic nephrectomy has become the gold standard for living donors. Additionally, laparoscopic partial liver procurement in living donors has proven its safety and feasibility in the latest studies.

[Multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the management of staghorn stones].

Aim: To compare the results of a single tract versus multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a period of 6 years, a total of 2,264 PNLs was performed at the N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology, of which 875 PNLs were done for stage K3-K4 staghorn calculi.

Nephrolithiasis against type 2 diabetes mellitus: on the effect of hypoglycemic therapy on lithogenesis.

Aim: To study the effects of oral hypoglycemic agents that can affect the probability of recurrence of nephrolithiasis.

Materials And Methods: The article is based on the results of examination and treatment of 315 patients suffering from recurrent nephroli-thiasis and medically compensated type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at the N.A.

[The development and approbation of methodology on the basis of multiplex polymerase chain reaction in real-time to determine clinically significant micro-deletion in Y-chromosome.].

One of the prevalent genetic causes of idiopathic male sterility is related to micro-deletions in AZF locus located in Y-chromosome. In total population, rate of such micro-deletions makes up to 1:4000. however, in infertile males their rate varies from 2% to 10%.