Identifying specific miRNAs and associated mRNAs in CD44 and CD90 cancer stem cell subtypes in gastric cancer cell line SNU-5.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are capable of generating multiple types of cells and play a vital role in promoting gastric cancer (GC) progression. Our previous research indicated that gastric CSCs with surface markers of CD44+ were more invasive compared to CD44- CD90+ CSCs (CD90+ CSCs), whereas CD90+ CSCs exhibited higher levels of proliferation than CD44+ CSCs. However, the mechanism and characteristics of marker-positive gastric CSCs are poorly understood.

Anti-osteosarcoma effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles both in vitro and in vivo by downregulating the FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Numerous studies have reported that hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-HAPs) can inhibit the proliferation of a variety of tumor cells and this effect is different in different carcinoma cells. However, the effect of nano-HAPs on osteosarcoma cell proliferation has not been well understood thus far. In this study, we first showed that our synthesized nano-HAPs reduced cell viability and inhibited migration and invasion of OS-732 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.

[10-year risk of fractures (FRAX) in people with diabetes type 2].

Aim: To study indicators of bone mineral densit (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) and to reveal the 10-year fracture risk (FRAX®) taking into account the data obtained in persons with type 2 diabetes (DM2).

Materials And Methods: A clinical study of the type of case - control. The study included 122 people with and without DM2.

The W.A.I.O.T. Definition of Peri-Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Multi-center, Retrospective Validation Study.

Peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) definition plays an important role in diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. However, while several criteria have been proposed by eminent institutions to define a PJI in the last decade, their clinical validation has been rarely performed. Aim of the present multicenter, international, retrospective study was to validate the World Association against Infection in Orthopedics and Trauma (WAIOT) pre/intra-operative PJI definition with post-operative confirmatory tests.

Therapeutic Potential of Circular RNAs in Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Multiagent chemotherapy, together with surgical removal of all detectable lesions, has improved the long-term survival rate to 65-70% in patients with localized osteosarcoma and to 25-30% in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma since the 1970s. However, the conventional strategy has not improved in recent decades.

Identification of Core Prognosis-Related Candidate Genes in Cervical Cancer via Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis.

Purposes: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the highest frequently occurred malignant gynecological tumors with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Here, we aimed to identify significant genes associated with poor outcome. .

[Erratum: The forearm fractures in patients with diabetes and without diabetes in population sample aged over 50 years (Novosibirsk) (Problems of Endocrinology (2019) 65(2) DOI: 10.14341/probl9799)].

A corrigendum on the article The forearm fractures in patients with diabetes and without diabetes in population sample aged over 50 years (Novosibirsk) by E.S. Mazurenko, S.

Predictors of Treatment Success Following Limited Discectomy With Annular Closure for Lumbar Disc Herniation.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated bone-anchored annular closure to significantly reduce reherniation and reoperation rates after lumbar discectomy in patients with large annular defects. It is important to identify the prognostic factors that may be associated with successful treatment. This study aimed to identify predictors of treatment success in patients with lumbar disc herniation treated with limited microdiscectomy supplemented by a bone-anchored annular closure device (ACD).

p53 controls the switch between autophagy and apoptosis through regulation of PLSCR1 in sodium selenite-treated leukemia cells.

Coordinated regulation of autophagy and apoptosis helps to enhance the antitumor effects of sodium selenite. However, the potential molecules that act as switch nodes in the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis is still elusive. Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) has been shown to regulate leukocyte differentiation, while its role in autophagy/apoptosis toggle switch remains unexplored.

Regulation of Autophagy by mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, and is closely related to the occurrence of variety of human diseases. It is known that autophagy occurs in response to various environmental stresses such as nutrient deficiency, growth factor deficiency, and hypoxia. Induced autophagy eliminates the damage caused by these stresses and returns to normal levels when the stresses are relieved.

Analyzing risk factors for recurrence of developmental coxa vara after surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors for developmental coxa vara (DCV) recurrence following valgus osteotomy of the proximal femur.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of 32 DCV patients (46 hips) treated surgically (2005 to 2012). Recurrence-related factors, including age at initial surgery, side, sex, fixation methods, diagnosis of coxa vara, premature capital femoral physeal closure and postoperative Hilgenreiner epiphyseal (HE) angle, head-shaft (HS) angle, medial femoral offset and posterior slope angle (PSA) were analyzed.

Research on Assisting Clinicians to Operate rTMS Precisely Based on the Coil Magnetic Field Spatial Distribution With Magnetic Resonance Imaging Navigation.

To assist clinicians to operate repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) precisely based on the coil magnetic field spatial distribution with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Navigation. A fast method for calculating electromagnetic fields in layered brain structures in frequency domain was proposed. By approaching Bessel function in different intervals, the integral with a highly oscillatory kernel was transformed into two parts: a definite integral and a weakened oscillatory one.

Improvement of Orthopedic Residency Programs and Diversity: Dilemmas and Challenges, an International Perspective.

Background: To date, little has been published comparing the structure and requirements of orthopedic training programs across multiple countries. The goal of this study was to summarize and compare the characteristics of orthopedic training programs in the U.S.

Lysozyme-Assisted Photothermal Eradication of Methicillin-Resistant Infection and Accelerated Tissue Repair with Natural Melanosome Nanostructures.

Patients often face the challenge of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections and lengthy tissue reconstruction after surgery. Herein, human hair-melanosome derivatives (HHMs), comprising keratins and melanins, are developed using a simple "low-temperature alkali heat" method for potentially personalized therapy. The mulberry-shaped HHMs have an average width of ∼270 nm and an average length of ∼700 nm, and the negatively charged HHMs can absorb positively charged Lysozyme (Lyso) to form the HHMs-Lyso composites through electrostatic interaction.

6-(4'-Aryl-1',2',3'-triazolyl)-spirostan-3,5-diols and 6-(4'-Aryl-1',2',3'-triazolyl)-7-hydroxyspirosta-1,4-dien-3-ones: Synthesis and analysis of their cytotoxicity.

In an endeavour to develop potent anti-tumor agents from diosgenin, a series of C-6 derived 1,2,3-triazolyl derivatives were designed and synthesized by employing Cu(I) catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of novel azides - (22R,25R)-6β-azidospirostan-3β,5α-diol and 6β-azido-7α-hydroxyspirosta-1,4-dien-3-one with aryl(hetaryl)alkynes. All the derivatives were evaluated for cytotoxic activity by MTT assay against eight different human cancer cell lines: T-cellular leucosis (CEM-13), human monocytes (U-937), breast (MDA-MB-231, BT-474), prostate (DU-145) and glioblastoma (U-87MG, SNB-19, T98G). The results of this study suggested that 6-(4'-aryl-1',2',3'-triazolyl)spirostan-3,5-diols 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 possessed a promising cytotoxic potential.

[The forearm fractures in patients with diabetes and without diabetes in population sample aged over 50 years (Novosibirsk)].

Background: The attention to the forearm fractures, as to osteoporotic fractures, is important for ensuring early detection of individuals at increased risk of future fractures and taking preventive measures.

Aims: To determine the frequency of a history of forearm fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and without diabetes, and their association with risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD).

Material And Methods: In 2015-2017, in Novosibirsk, a random urban population sample of males and females, 58-84 years old (n=3878), was surveyed.

The World Association against Infection in Orthopaedics and Trauma (WAIOT) procedures for Microbiological Sampling and Processing for Periprosthetic Joint Infections (PJIs) and other Implant-Related Infections.

While implant-related infections continue to play a relevant role in failure of implantable biomaterials in orthopaedic and trauma there is a lack of standardised microbiological procedures to identify the pathogen(s). The microbiological diagnosis of implant-related infections is challenging due to the following factors: the presence of bacterial biofilm(s), often associated with slow-growing microorganisms, low bacterial loads, previous antibiotic treatments and, possible intra-operative contamination. Therefore, diagnosis requires a specific set of procedures.

The W.A.I.O.T. Definition of High-Grade and Low-Grade Peri-Prosthetic Joint Infection.

The definition of peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) has a strong impact on the diagnostic pathway and on treatment decisions. In the last decade, at least five different definitions of peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) have been proposed, each one with intrinsic limitations. In order to move a step forward, the World Association against Infection in Orthopedics and Trauma (W.

A pH-sensitive self-healing coating for biodegradable magnesium implants.

Self-healing coatings have attracted attention on surface modification of magnesium alloys, as it can recover the barrier ability of the coatings from corrosion attack. Nevertheless, previous works on this aspect are not suitable for biomedical magnesium alloys owing to the lack of biocompatibility. In this study, we fabricated a self-healing coating on biomedical Mg-1Ca alloy by compositing silk fibroin and KPO.

Promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via mineralization of polylactide/gelatin composite fibers in cell culture medium.

Mineralization capability is an important issue in developing bone repairing biomaterials, while it is not quite clear how this feature would act in the presence of cells and influence cell osteogenic differentiation without adding extra osteoinductive factors such as β‑sodium glycerophosphate and dexamethasone. Poly(l‑lactide) (PLLA) and gelatin composite fibers (PG, 1:1 in weight) were electrospun, treated with CaCl solution (PG-Ca), and used for mineralization studies by using cell culture media (αMEM, and αMEM + serum). Bone mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) were then seeded and cultured on both PG and PG-Ca fibrous mats for 28 days by only using αMEM + serum.

Infection-responsive electrospun nanofiber mat for antibacterial guided tissue regeneration membrane.

The release of anti-infection drugs in a targeted and efficient manner in response to the attack time and degree of severity of infection is a requirement of new generation implants. Herein, we design an infection-responsive guided tissue regeneration (GTR)/guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane based on electrospun nanofibers. Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber mats are coated with polydopamine to endow hydroxyl groups on the surface and then functionalized with siloxane to introduce amino groups.

Review of the Problems of Diagnosis of Endopelvic Haemorrhage, Its Intensity, Volume, and Duration, and Treatment Methods of Circulatory Injuries and Surgical Hemostasis after Pelvic Fractures.

The development of pelvic surgeries is now making new evolutionary jump for us to witness; this would be unimaginable without significant achievements in anesthesiology and new technologies of blood replacement. This overview presents analysis of 41 domestic and 20 foreign references sources that are devoted to the problematics of treating patients with fluid injuries of pelvis accompanied by retroperitoneal haemorrhage. The following considers details on determination of endopelvic haemorrhage nature, its intensity, volume, and duration, as well as the treatment methods for circulatory injuries and surgical haemostasis.

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells inhibit mitochondrial dysfunction-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes via p38, ERK, and Akt pathways.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic joint disease worldwide. Chondrocyte, as the only resident cell type in cartilage, its apoptosis is of pathogenetic significance in OA. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based-therapy has been proved effective in OA in animals and clinical studies.

Adverse Effects of Fine-Particle Exposure on Joints and Their Surrounding Cells and Microenvironment.

Current understanding of the health risks and adverse effects upon exposure to fine particles is premised on the direct association of particles with target organs, particularly the lung; however, fine-particle exposure has also been found to have detrimental effects on sealed cavities distant to the portal-of-entry, such as joints. Moreover, the fundamental toxicological issues have been ascribed to the direct toxic mechanisms, in particular, oxidative stress and proinflammatory responses, without exploring the indirect mechanisms, such as compensated, adaptive, and secondary effects. In this Review, we recapitulate the current findings regarding the detrimental effects of fine-particle exposure on joints, the surrounding cells, and microenvironment, as well as their deteriorating impact on the progression of arthritis.

A New Look at Causal Factors of Idiopathic Scoliosis: Altered Expression of Genes Controlling Chondroitin Sulfate Sulfation and Corresponding Changes in Protein Synthesis in Vertebral Body Growth Plates.

In a previous report, we demonstrated the presence of cells with a neural/glial phenotype on the concave side of the vertebral body growth plate in Idiopathic Scoliosis (IS) and proposed this phenotype alteration as the main etiological factor of IS. In the present study, we utilized the same specimens of vertebral body growth plates removed during surgery for Grade III-IV IS to analyse gene expression. We suggested that phenotype changes observed on the concave side of the vertebral body growth plate can be associated with altered expression of particular genes, which in turn compromise mechanical properties of the concave side.