A 3D biomimetic optoelectronic scaffold repairs cranial defects.

Bone fractures and defects pose serious health-related issues on patients. For clinical therapeutics, synthetic scaffolds have been actively explored to promote critical-sized bone regeneration, and electrical stimulations are recognized as an effective auxiliary to facilitate the process. Here, we develop a three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic scaffold integrated with thin-film silicon (Si)-based microstructures.

Effect of Anterolateral Ligament Status and Inherent Knee Anatomy on Anterior Tibial Subluxation of the Lateral Compartment After Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Cohort Study Based on MRI Analysis.

Background: Anterior tibial subluxation (ATS) of the lateral compartment entails a pathological tibiofemoral alignment in knees with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Causes of increased ATS after an acute ACL injury are not clear, but soft tissue abnormalities and bony variations of the knee are potential causes.

Purpose: To determine whether increased ATS of the lateral compartment in knees with acute ACL injury is associated with (1) anterolateral ligament (ALL) status and (2) inherent anatomy of the lateral femoral condyle (LFC) and lateral tibial plateau (LTP).

Systematic and study on biodegradable binary Zn-0.2 at% Rare Earth alloys (Zn-RE: Sc, Y, La-Nd, Sm-Lu).

Biomedical implants and devices for tissue engineering in clinics, mainly made of polymers and stiff metallic materials, require possibly secondary surgery or life-long medicine. Biodegradable metals for biomedical implants and devices exhibit huge potential to improve the prognosis of patients. In this work, we developed a new type of biodegradable binary zinc (Zn) alloys with 16 rare earth elements (REEs) including Sc, Y, La to Nd, and Sm to Lu, respectively.

Compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants in BRAT1 cause lethal neonatal rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome.

Background: Lethal neonatal rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome (RMFSL, OMIM 614498) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the onset of rigidity and intractable seizures at or soon after birth. The BRAT1 has been identified to be the disease-causing gene for RMFSL. This study aimed to determine the underlying pathogenic mutations of a Chinese family with RMFSL and to confirm the effect of the splice-site mutation by reverse transcription analysis.

A Comparison Between Robotic-Assisted Scaphoid Screw Fixation and a Freehand Technique for Acute Scaphoid Fracture: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Purpose: We compared robotic-assisted scaphoid screw fixation to conventional technique in terms of accuracy, surgical times, radiation exposure, and clinical outcomes, including range of motion, grip strength, functional score, and complications.

Methods: This study was a registered, prospective, randomized, controlled trial. From May 2019 to December 2019, 1 surgeon performed 18 robotic-assisted and 18 conventional scaphoid screw fixations and these patients were eligible for participation in this study.

ATM/IKK alpha axis regulates the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis in selenite-treated Jurkat cells.

Selenium is an essential trace element. High dosage of selenite exhibits a great potential in treating leukemia. Previous study discovered selenite could promote leukemia cells apoptosis through inducing DNA damage and cell cycle arrest, while the switch mechanisms of these events and autophagy were still unclear.

IL-11Rα-targeted nanostrategy empowers chemotherapy of relapsed and patient-derived osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare but frequently lethal bone malignancy in children and adolescents. The adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin (Dox) and cisplatin remains a mainstream clinical practice though it affords only limited clinical benefits due to low tumor deposition, dose-limiting toxicity and high rate of relapse/metastasis. Here, taking advantage of high IL-11Rα expression in the OS patients, we installed IL-11Rα specific peptide (sequence: cyclic CGRRAGGSC) onto redox-responsive polymersomes encapsulating Dox (IL11-PDox) to boost the specificity and anti-OS efficacy of chemotherapy.

Redox-Unlockable Nanoparticle-Based MST1 Delivery System to Attenuate Hepatic Steatosis via the AMPK/SREBP-1c Signaling Axis.

To date, few effective treatments have been licensed for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which a kind of chronic liver disease. Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) is reported to be involved in the development of NAFLD. Thus, we evaluated the suitability of a redox-unlockable polymeric nanoparticle Hep@PGEA vector to deliver MST1 or siMST1 (HCP/MST1 or HCP/siMST1) for NAFLD therapy.

Integrating Inflammation-Responsive Prodrug with Electrospun Nanofibers for Anti-Inflammation Application.

Chronic inflammation plays a side effect on tissue regeneration, greatly inhibiting the repair or regeneration of tissues. Conventional local delivery of anti-inflammation drugs through physical encapsulation into carriers face the challenges of uncontrolled release. The construction of an inflammation-responsive prodrug to release anti-inflammation drugs depending on the occurrence of inflammation to regulate chronic inflammation is of high need.

Passage of exogeneous fine particles from the lung into the brain in humans and animals.

There are still significant knowledge gaps in understanding the intrusion and retention of exogeneous particles into the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we uncovered various exogeneous fine particles in human cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) and identified the ambient environmental or occupational exposure sources of these particles, including commonly found particles (e.g.

Application of Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging to Evaluate and Predict the Surgical Outcome for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy.

Objectives: Although the neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) has been shown useful to evaluate the spinal cord dysfunction, there are few prospective studies on analyzing the operation recovery of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) disease using NODDI. This study aims to investigate the preoperative evaluation and predictive ability of NODDI in DCM patients who received posterior cervical laminoplasty.

Methods: This prospective study included 55 patients with DCM from January to December 2017.

Psoralen alleviates radiation-induced bone injury by rescuing skeletal stem cell stemness through AKT-mediated upregulation of GSK-3β and NRF2.

Background: Repairing radiation-induced bone injuries remains a significant challenge in the clinic, and few effective medicines are currently available. Psoralen is a principal bioactive component of Cullen corylifolium (L.) Medik and has been reported to have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and pro-osteogenesis activities.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibit osteosarcoma metastasis by downregulating β-catenin via HIF-1α/BNIP3/LC3B-mediated mitophagy pathway.

Osteosarcoma (OS) therapy faces many challenges, especially the poor survival rate once metastasis occurs. Therefore, it is crucial to explore new OS treatment strategies that can efficiently inhibit OS metastasis. Bioactive nanoparticles such as zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) can efficiently inhibit OS growth, however, the effect and mechanisms of them on tumor metastasis are still not clear.

Naringin in the repair of knee cartilage injury via the TGF-β/ALK5/Smad2/3 signal transduction pathway combined with an acellular dermal matrix.

Objective: Based on the expression changes in the TGF-β/ALK5/Smad2/3 signal transduction pathway, the repair of cartilage injury in the rabbit knee joint was investigated and evaluated by oral administration of naringin in combination with acellular dermal matrix implantation.

Methods: First, twenty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: a sham operation group (Sham group), a model group (Mod group), a naringin group (Nar group), an acellular dermal matrix group (ADM group), a naringin ​+ ​acellular dermal matrix group (Nar/ADM group). After the 12th week, the repaired tissues were assessed for histomorphology and repair content of the repaired site by observing the morphological characteristics of articular cartilage.

Preparation of polycation with hydroxyls for enhanced delivery of miRNA in osteosarcoma therapy.

Osteosarcoma, a malignant bone tumor that usually occurs in children and adolescents, has a high rate of death and disability, bringing great pains to society and families. Improving treatment approaches for osteosarcoma patients remains a constant and major goal for researchers and clinical groups due to the limited therapeutic efficiency and survival rate. MiRNAs have been reported to play a crucial role in osteosarcoma occurrence, progression, and metastasis, which provides a new insight for osteosarcoma therapy.

Eco-friendly bacteria-killing by nanorods through mechano-puncture with top selectivity.

Nanorods can induce mechano-puncture of () that often impairs osseointegration of orthopedic implants, while the critical nanorod top sharpness able to puncture and the predominant contributor between top sharpness and length to mechano-puncture activity remains elusive. Herein, we fabricated three kinds of AlO-wrapped nanorods patterned arrays with different lengths and top sharpness. The top-sharp nanorods have lengths of 469 and 884 nm and the shorter show a length identical to the top-flat nanorods.

A Four-miRNA-Based Diagnostic Signature for Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: As a chronic inflammatory disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) usually leads to cartilage and bone damage, even disability. Earlier detection and diagnosis are crucial to improve the therapeutic efficacy, and the aim of our study is to identify a potential diagnostic signature for RA.

Methods: We downloaded the GSE124373 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Long-Term PM Exposure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.

Background: Established evidence suggests risks of developing cardiovascular disease are different by sex. However, it remains unclear whether associations of PM with cardiovascular risk are comparable between women and men. The meta-analysis aimed to examine sex differences in associations of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke with long-term PM exposure.

Alcohol consumption and associated factors among middle-aged and older adults: results from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate alcohol consumption and associated factors in middle-aged and older adults.

Materials And Methods: We included 15,942 participants (7,384 men, 8558 women) with age range of 45-101 years from the 2011 baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Variables related to alcohol status and other potential risk factors were selected for analysis.

Macrophages promote cartilage regeneration in a time- and phenotype-dependent manner.

Immune regulation of osteochondral defect regeneration has not yet been rigorously characterized. Although macrophages have been demonstrated to regulate the regeneration process in various tissues, their direct contribution to cartilage regeneration remains to be investigated, particularly the functions of polarized macrophage subpopulations. In this study, we investigated the origins and functions of macrophages during healing of osteochondral injury in the murine model.

Immunomodulation and osseointegration activities of NaTiO nanorods-arrayed coatings doped with different Sr content.

To endow Ti-based orthopedic implants immunomodulatory capability and thus enhanced osseointegration, different amounts of Sr are doped in NaTiO nanorods in the arrays with identical nanotopographic parameters (rod diameter, length and inter-rod spacing) by substitution of Na using hydrothermal treatment. The obtained arrays are denoted as STSr2, STSr4, and STSr7, where the arabic numbers indicate the incorporating amounts of Sr in NaTiO. The modulation effects of the Sr-doped nanorods arrays on macrophage polarization and osteogenetic functions of osteoblasts are investigated, together with the array without Sr (ST).

Comparison of two different methods of establishment of canine urethroplasty model: an experimental trial.

Background: Graft substitute urethroplasty is recommended for patients with long segment anterior urethral stricture. The therapeutic effects of the grafts need to be validated on the animal models. Therefore the aim of this study was to compared the operative time, blood loss, intra- and post- operative complications of two different methods of establishment of canine urethroplasty model.