The Effects of Antioxidants and Packaging Methods on Inhibiting Lipid Oxidation in Deep Fried Crickets () during Storage.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of processing methods on inhibiting lipid oxidation of deep fried crickets () during storage. Four antioxidants and two packaging methods were used. The effects of different antioxidants and packaging methods on composition of fatty acids, contents of free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs) value of deep fried were analyzed during 150 days of storage.

Purification of polyphenols from Phyllanthus emblica L. pomace using macroporous resins: Antioxidant activity and potential anti-Alzheimer's effects.

Phyllanthus emblica L. pomace is a waste residue obtained following juicing that contains many polyphenols. In this study, NKA-II resin was selected as the optimal macroporous resin for separation and employed to separate the crude polyphenol extract of P.

Edible Aquatic Insects: Diversities, Nutrition, and Safety.

Edible insects have great potential to be human food; among them, aquatic insects have unique characteristics and deserve special attention. Before consuming these insects, the nutrition and food safety should always be considered. In this review, we summarized the species diversity, nutrition composition, and food safety of edible aquatic insects, and also compared their distinguished characteristics with those of terrestrial insects.

Plant interactions control the carbon distribution of Dodonaea viscosa in karst regions.

Biomass and carbon (C) distribution are suggested as strategies of plant responses to resource stress. Understanding the distribution patterns of biomass and C is the key to vegetation restoration in fragile ecosystems, however, there is limited understanding of the intraspecific biomass and C distributions of shrubs resulting from plant interactions in karst areas. In this study, three vegetation restoration types, a Dodonaea viscosa monoculture (DM), a Eucalyptus maideni and D.

First record of the lac-producing species Varshney (Hemiptera, Kerriidae) from China, with a key to Chinese species.

Lac insects include astonishing species responsible for lac production. Lac is composed of resins, dyes, and shellac wax with significant economic importance. Previously, 11 species of the genus were reported from China, with the highest species diversity in Yunnan province.

Variations in bacterial and archaeal community structure and diversity along the soil profiles of a peatland in Southwest China.

As bacteria and archaea are key components in the ecosystem, information on their dynamics in soil profiles is important for understanding the biogeochemical cycles in peatlands. However, little is known about the vertical distribution patterns of bacteria and archaea in the Bitahai peatland, or about their relationships with soil chemical properties. Here, bacterial and archaeal abundance, diversity, and composition of the Bitahai peatlands at 0-100 cm soil depths were analyzed by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes (Illumina, MiSeq).

Structure, Distribution, Chemical Composition, and Gene Expression Pattern of Glandular Trichomes on the Leaves of Maxim.

Maxim is an economically and medicinally important tree species in China. It produces galls (induced by aphids) with a high abundance of tannins. Here, we discuss the histology, cellular structures and their distribution, and the macromolecular components of secretive glandular trichomes on the leaves of .

Angiogenesis effects of 4-methoxy benzyl alcohol on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulation of VEGF-Ang/Tie2 balance.

Angiogenesis facilitates the formation of microvascular networks and promotes neurological deficit recovery after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). This study investigated the angiogenesis effects of 4-methoxy benzyl alcohol (4-MA) on CIRI. The angiogenesis effects of 4-MA and the potential underlying mechanisms were assessed based on a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model and a hind limb ischemic (HLI) mouse model.

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Lepidotrigona flavibasis (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) and High Gene Rearrangement in Lepidotrigona Mitogenomes.

We reported the sequence and characteristics of the complete mitochondrial genome of an ecologically important stingless bee, Lepidotrigona flavibasis (Hymenoptera: Meliponini), that has suffered serious population declines in recent years. A phylogenetic analysis based on complete mitogenomes indicated that L. flavibasis was first clustered with another Lepidotrigona species (L.

Molecular and Histologic Adaptation of Horned Gall Induced by the Aphid (Pemphigidae).

Chinese galls are the result of hyperplasia in host plants induced by aphids. The metabolism and gene expression of these galls are modified to accommodate the aphids. Here, we highlight the molecular and histologic features of horned galls according to transcriptome and anatomical structures.

Effect of policosanol from insect wax on amyloid β-peptide-induced toxicity in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-related neurodegenerative disorder and a serious public health concern, is mainly caused by β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced toxicity. Currently, a limited number of drugs are effective against AD, and only a few are used for its treatment. According to traditional Chinese medicine, white wax is mainly composed of policosanol, hexacosanol, and octacosanol.

Changes of soil bacterial community structure at the secondary successional stages in the forest.

Soil bacterial diversity is a key factor for the maintanence of forest ecosystem function. Soil bacterial community would change along forest succession. We analyzed the variations of soil bacterial diversity and community composition at different successional stages in the forest, which would help understand the mechanism underlying forest restoration.

Genome assembly and methylome analysis of the white wax scale insect provides insight into sexual differentiation of metamorphosis in hexapods.

Scale insects are hemimetabolous, showing "incomplete" metamorphosis and no true pupal stage. Ericerus pela, commonly known as the white wax scale insect (hereafter, WWS), is a wax-producing insect found in Asia and Europe. WWS displays dramatic sexual dimorphism, with notably different metamorphic fates in males and females.

Transcriptome analyses and weighted gene coexpression network analysis reveal key pathways and genes involved in the rapid cold resistance of the Chinese white wax scale insect.

The Chinese white wax scale insect, Ericerus pela, is an important resource insect in China. The rapid response of E. pela to decreasing temperatures plays key roles in the population distribution.

Anti-androgenetic alopecia effect of policosanol from Chinese wax by regulating abnormal hormone levels to suppress premature hair follicle entry into the regression phase.

Previously, we have demonstrated that policosanol from Chinese wax suppressed testosterone(T)-induced alopecia in mice. However, the underlying mechanism remained to be determined. Herein, we investigated the mechanism of policosanol against androgenetic alopecia (AGA).

The insights into the evolutionary history of : based on a newly-discovered species.

During the field studies, a -like taxon was collected in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province, during an investigation into the diversity of microfungi in the southwest of China. Morphological observations and phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU and ITS sequences revealed that the new taxon is a member of the genus and it is distinct from other species. Therefore, is introduced here.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the stingless bee (Hymenoptera: Meliponinae) and phylogenetic analysis.

(Smith, 1878) is a stingless bee that distributed in Eastern Asia. The complete mitogenome of (GenBank accession number MN737481) is 15,431 bp in size, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, two ribosomal RNAs genes, and a noncoding D-loop region. The D-loop region is located between ND4L and tRNA, different from the other two stingless bee mitogenomes previously reported.

Wax glands of the horned gall aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis, at different stages.

The horned gall aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis, inhabits the productive species of Chinese gallnuts, which have economic value. Aphid wax glands are crucial for the survival of the insects, since the secreted waterproofing wax is important to protect the aphids from predators, pathogens and honeydew contamination. In this study, we investigated the structure of wax glands and their role in different aphid stages using light and electron microscopy.

Screening of single-cell clonal lines from Papilio demoleus Linnaeus cell lines for exogenous protein expression and adaptation in serum-free culture.

In this paper, four established cell lines derived from newly hatched larvae of Papilio demoleus Linnaeus and 57 single-cell clones derived from the 3 lines were used as test materials. Recombinant β-galactosidase baculovirus AcMNPV-Gal was used to infect the P. demoleus L.

A Complex Nutrient Exchange Between a Gall-Forming Aphid and Its Plant Host.

It has been a long-standing question as to whether the interaction between gall-forming insects and their host plants is merely parasitic or whether it may also benefit the host. On its host , the aphid induces the formation of closed galls, referred to as horned galls. Typically, mature aphid populations comprise thousands of individuals, which is sufficient to cause the accumulation of high CO levels in galls (on average 8-fold higher and up to 16 times than atmospheric levels).

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analyses of Wolbachia in natural populations of nine galling Aphid species.

Wolbachia is one of the most abundant facultative intracellular symbionts in arthropods. It alters host biology in diverse ways, including the induction of reproductive manipulation, association of nutrient supplier and protection against pathogens. Aphids are a group of insects which exhibit interesting biological characteristics such as complex life cycles, alteration of sexual and asexual reproduction and shifts between two different hosts.

Assessment of dermal safety of oil extracted from : acute dermal toxicity, irritation, and sensitization.

Introduction: The American cockroach () is used in traditional Chinese medicine. () is rich in oil that has shown potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities .

Objective: To evaluate the safety of oil extracted from .

Microenvironmental analysis of two alternating hosts and their impact on the ecological adaptation of the horned sumac gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis (Hemiptera, Pemphiginae).

The aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis(Bell) induces horned galls on their primary host Rhus chinensis(Mill). These galls serve as closed habitats to support thousands of aphids per gall. Ecological parameters inside a gall are unknown.

Potential Pathways and Genes Involved in Lac Synthesis and Secretion in (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) Based on Transcriptomic Analyses.

Lac is a type of natural resin secreted by lac insects and is widely used in the military and other industries because of its excellent adhesion and insulation properties. The main ingredients of lac are lactones and lactides, which are formed from hydroxy fatty acids and sesquiterpene esters. In this study, we measured lac secretion rates by the insect at different developmental stages and identified lac secretion-minimum and lac secretion-active stages of the insect.