Chaperones vs. oxidative stress in the pathobiology of ischemic stroke.

As many proteins prioritize functionality over constancy of structure, a proteome is the shortest stave in the Liebig's barrel of cell sustainability. In this regard, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes possess abundant machinery supporting the quality of the proteome in healthy and stressful conditions. This machinery, namely chaperones, assists in folding, refolding, and the utilization of client proteins.

[The effect of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate on the parameters of chronic neuroinflammation and plastic processes in the brain of old rats during course of dexamethasone administration].

Objective: To study was to evaluate the potential modulatory impact of succinate/SUCNR1 signaling on the non-genomic immunosuppressive and gene-mediated inflammatory-degenerative effects of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation in the cerebral cortex (CC) of aging rats.

Material And Methods: Using Western blot analysis, we assessed the expression level of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β1), mitochondriogenesis markers (PGC-1α, NDUFV2, SDHA, cyt c1, COX2, ATP5A), angiogenesis marker VEGF, neurotrophin BDNF, GR, succinate receptor SUCNR1 in the CC of 18-month-old rats with isolated administration of the highly specific GR ligand dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, i.p.

[Donat Semenovich Sarkisov. On the occasion of the 100 th anniversary of his birth].

Donat Semenovich Sarkisov was born in Moscow on September 5, 1924. In the summer of 1942 D.S.

Experimental Modeling of Cranial Injury and Defect Reconstruction Using Superconstructive Polymers (PEEK).

Experimental model of resection craniotomy with subsequent reconstruction of the defect with a polymer implant enables comprehensive assessment of functional and ultrastructural changes during replacement of the damaged tissue. Reconstruction of a skull defect was accompanied by transient motor disturbance in the acute period and did not cause functional disorders and neurological deficits in a delayed period. Histological examination of osteal and brain tissue revealed no pathological reactions that could be associated with the response to the chemical components of the implant.

Mouse Model of Low-density Lipoprotein Desialylation In Vivo.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by the increased infiltration and retention of LDL particles in arterial walls. There are several mechanisms underlying atherogenesis, with the pro-atherogenic modifications of LDL playing a significant role. One such modification of native LDL is desialylation, which is characterized by the removal of terminal sialic acid from ApoB-100 glycans that induces critical changes in the overall functionality of the LDL particle.

Age-Related Features of the Response of Cancer Stem Cells and T Cells in Experimental Lung Cancer.

The responses of tumor stem cells and various populations of CD4 and CD8 T cells of young and aged C57BL/6 mice were studied in a lung cancer model. Using Lewis lung carcinoma cell line, an orthotopic model of lung cancer was modeled. Cancer stem cells, circulating tumor cells, and various populations of CD4 and CD8 T cells in the blood and lung tissue were studied by cytometry.

DNA Methylation of a Group of Long Non-Coding RNA Genes at Different Stages of Ovarian Cancer Dissemination.

There are three types of metastases in ovarian cancer: lymphogenous, hematogenous, and peritoneal. Dissemination of the tumor in the peritoneum is directly related with the development of ascites and a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study is to determine changes in the methylation level of a group of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes at different stages of ovarian cancer progression.

Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Variations in Relation to Lipid Profiles and Cardiovascular Diseases: An Update.

Lipid metabolism plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a crucial glycoprotein involved in lipid metabolism by transferring cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG) between plasma lipoproteins. CETP activity results in reduced HDL-C and increased VLDL- and LDL-C concentrations, thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

Age-Related Features of the Early Period of Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy in Rats.

Regenerative processes in the liver were studied in 3-month-old (young) and 9-month-old (aged) male Wistar rats on day 1 after 30 and 70% hepatectomy. Regardless of the resected liver volume, shifts in the biochemical parameters of the serum in aged rats were more pronounced than in young animals. After 30% hepatectomy, no age differences in the rate of hepatic regeneration were found, while after 70% liver resection this parameter was higher in young rats.

Lactoferrin Has a Protective Effect on Mouse Brain Cells after Acute Gamma Irradiation of the Head.

We studied the effect of human lactoferrin on cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus of 2-2.5-month-old male C57BL/6 mice after acute gamma irradiation of the head in a dose of 8 Gy from a Co source. Immediately after irradiation some animals received an intraperitoneal injection of human lactoferrin (4 mg/mouse).

Safety of the Drug Prospekta: a Preclinical Study of Acute and Repeated Dose Toxicity.

General toxic effect of the drug Prospekta (modified affinity purified antibodies to the brain-specific S100 protein) was studied on mature male and female mice and rats: acute toxicity with double intragastric and intraperitoneal administration of the maximum permissible doses at a 2-h interval, repeated dose toxicity with intragastric administration of the maximum permissible and close to therapeutic doses for 6 months. No lethal and toxic effects on animals were observed, including no toxic effects on vital systems, i.e.

Pulsatile Features of Major Arteries in Rats during Hypotension Caused by Acute Blood Loss.

The study examined the modes of pulsations of the femoral and carotid arteries of rats in situ (n=14) during acute blood loss, which sequentially caused a deep BP drop, cardiac and respiration arrest, and termination of ECG signals. When BP dropped to 19 (13; 26) mm Hg, the mechanosensitivity of passively pulsing arteries determined by the ratio of the swing range of electroimpedance oscillations of arterial segment to pulse pressure increased by 3.2 (2 ; 4) times (p<0.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Technologically Processed Antibodies to the Molecules of the Major Histocompatibility Complex in a Model of Acute Inflammation In Vivo.

The anti-inflammatory effect of technologically processed antibodies (TPA) to immune targets (MHC I and MHC II) was assessed in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. The parameters "increase in edema" and "suppression of edema" significantly decreased (p<0.05) against the background of treatment with TPA and the reference drug indomethacin compared to the placebo group.

Effect of Glutamate Antibody F(ab)2 Fragments on Memory Changes in Aged C57BL/6 Mice.

Intranasal administration of F(ab)2 fragments of anti-glutamate antibodies to 12-month-old C57BL/6 mice improves passive avoidance conditioning and have no effect on horizontal and vertical locomotor activity in the open-field test. In contrast to full-length antibodies to glutamate, their F(ab)2 fragments significantly increase the number of animals developed a conditioned passive avoidance reflex.

Antiallergic Effects of Technologically Processed Antibodies to MHC II.

The risk of developing anaphylactic reactions to medications introduces additional difficulties for effective pharmacotherapy. Using a model of systemic anaphylaxis in mice, we showed that preventive administration of a preparation containing technologically processed antibodies (TPA) to MHC II induces an anti-anaphylactic effect comparable to that of dexamethasone (when assessing the severity of systemic anaphylaxis 30 and 60 min after challenge injection of the model antigen ovalbumin). The revealed activity may be related to the ability of TPA to MHC II to regulate the antigen presentation system and shift the immune response towards the production of IgG instead of IgE typical of anaphylactic reaction.

Analysis of General Toxicity of Ergoferon.

For antibody-based drugs, it is important and relevant to study their toxic effects, which can often become limiting when prescribing this type of therapy. General toxicity of antiviral drug Ergoferon based on technologically processed antibodies was studied on sexually mature animals. Analysis of acute toxicity showed the absence of lethal outcomes when the drug was administered to adult rats at the maximum tolerated doses.

Efficacy of Raphamin against Pneumococcal Infection: a Preclinical Study.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of Raphamin in a model of non-lethal pneumococcal infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae 3 in BALB/c mice. The drug or placebo was administered intragastrically 3 days prior to infection, 2 h before and 2 h post infection, and then for 3 full days, alone or in combination with antibiotic (amoxicil-lin/clavulanic acid). Raphamin monotherapy significantly decreased bacterial load in the lungs in comparison with placebo (p<0.

The Role of Cancer and Somatic Stem Cells in the Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumor Effects of Aconitum baicalense Extract on Experimental Breast Cancer.

We studied the effects of the extract of the terrestrial part of Aconitum baicalense in BALB/c female mice at the early stages after the injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). The extract reduced inflammatory activity and tumor growth in the mammary gland. The antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract are based on the inhibition of cancer stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and hematopoietic progenitor cells that promote inflammation.