[Influence of the pattern of femtosecond laser-assisted lens nucleus fragmentation on the energy and hydrodynamic parameters of phacoemulsification].

Unlabelled: The influence of various patterns of preliminary femtosecond laser-assisted fragmentation of the lens nucleus on the energy and hydrodynamic parameters of phacoemulsification remains insufficiently studied.

Purpose: This study evaluates the influence of various patterns of preliminary femtosecond laser-assisted fragmentation of the lens nucleus on the energy, hydrodynamic parameters of phacoemulsification, and the degree of corneal endothelial cell loss.

Material And Methods: Hybrid phacoemulsification was performed in 336 patients (336 eyes) with grade IV immature cataract according to the Buratto classification in three age-matched groups.

[Rotational technique for emulsification of soft lens nucleus].

Unlabelled: Effective and atraumatic removal of a soft lens nucleus requires different surgical techniques compared to phacoemulsification of a dense nucleus.

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a non-ultrasound technique for emulsification of a soft lens nucleus.

Material And Methods: Fifty-seven patients (57 eyes) underwent surgery.

[Surgical technique for aspiration of soft lens nucleus with preoperative femtosecond laser-assisted fragmentation].

Unlabelled: Fragmentation and aspiration of soft cataracts require different surgical techniques and approaches compared to the removal of dense nuclei, including when using a femtosecond laser.

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a non-ultrasound technique for aspiration of a soft lens nucleus after its preliminary femtosecond laser-assisted fragmentation.

Material And Methods: The study included 63 patients (63 eyes) aged 23 to 40 years who underwent surgery.

[The first experience of using femtosecond laser in the treatment of anterior capsular contraction syndrome].

Unlabelled: Prevention and treatment of anterior capsular contraction syndrome (ACCS) is a relevant problem in cataract surgery.

Purpose: The study was performed to develop a femtosecond laser-assisted technique for anterior capsulotomy in anterior capsular contraction syndrome and assess its preliminary results in preventing the progression of pathological changes in the capsular bag.

Material And Methods: The examination and femtosecond laser-assisted treatment without additional surgical intervention was performed in 6 patients (6 eyes) aged 69 to 73 years with anterior capsular contraction syndrome.

[Endocapsular fixation of intraocular lens in patients with ectopia lentis and Marfan syndrome (case study)].

Modern trends in advancement of phaco surgery techniques in patients with ectopia lentis (including patients with Marfan syndrome) are characterized by the transition from complete removal of the lens (lensectomy) to aspiration of the lens substance and attempts to preserve and reposition the capsular bag. This case study analyzes the results of surgical treatment of bilateral ectopia lentis in a 6-year-old patient with Marfan syndrome. The specifics of microinvasive phaco surgery consisted in capsular bag preservation and endocapsular fixation of the intraocular lens.

[Phaco surgery in disorders of the capsular-zonular apparatus of the lens].

The article presents authors' original methods of phaco surgery that can be used in disorders of the capsular-zonular apparatus of the lens. The cataract surgery techniques for lens subluxation developed and introduced into clinical practice allow using the most physiologically correct intracapsular intraocular lens (IOL) fixation in the vast majority of cases. The introduction of femtosecond laser at key stages of phacoemulsification in complicated clinical situations reduces the dependence of the results on the human factor and allows performing removal of complicated cataracts at a qualitatively new level.

[Modern approaches to the treatment of anterior capsule contraction syndrome].

Anterior capsule contraction syndrome is a specific complication of continuous circular capsulorhexis in various phacoemulsification techniques. Surgical, laser and combined methods have been proposed for its treatment. All approaches in the treatment of anterior capsule contraction syndrome have some advantages, as well as certain problems and difficulties.

[Hereditary ectopia lentis: diagnosis and surgical treatment].

This review describes hereditary diseases in which ectopia lentis may be present as one of the symptoms, considers the basic diagnostic concepts of lens disposition, and analyzes the options in surgical treatment of ectopia lentis and optical correction of aphakia.

[Effect of conventional and orthokeratological hard contact lenses on anatomical and functional characteristics of the cornea].

Unlabelled: Contact lenses are widely used for correction of myopia due to their accessibility, effectiveness and relative safety.

Purpose: This study evaluated the potential effects of conventional hard contact lenses (HCL) and orthokeratological contact lenses (OKL) on anatomical and functional condition of the cornea in myopia correction.

Material And Methods: The study included 80 patients (159 eyes) with low, moderate and high myopia.

[Nerve fiber structure after different types of corneal transplantation].

This review presents basic information about the state of corneal nerve fibers and Langerhans cells before and after keratoplasty. Keratoplasty is a common corneal surgery that carries a risk of graft rejection. The state of corneal nerve fibers can vary after different types of keratoplasty.

[Mineral dysmetabolism in corneal diseases].

Functional status and biological properties of connective tissues significantly depend on the mineral elements involved in their metabolism. Connective tissue portion of the corneal stroma makes up most of its thickness; pathological changes in collagen fibers and the stroma can cause a range of corneal diseases, some of which are specifically associated with disorders of mineral metabolism. The article considers impairments of mineral metabolism as possible pathophysiological mechanisms in certain diseases and disorders of the cornea, and describes in detail the abnormalities associated with mineral dysmetabolism observed in patients with keratoconus.

[Refractive outcomes of out-of-the-bag intraocular lens implantation].

Unlabelled: For the moment, the refractive outcomes of out-of-the-bag intraocular lens (IOL) implantation remain insufficiently studied.

Purpose: To study and compare the refractive outcomes of retropupillary implantation of an iris-claw lens and transscleral suture fixation of IOL in complicated phacoemulsification.

Material And Methods: The study included 70 patients (73 eyes) after complicated phacoemulsification in combination with grade 2 lens subluxation.

Corneal Stroma Regeneration with Collagen-Based Hydrogel as an Artificial Stroma Equivalent: A Comprehensive In Vivo Study.

Restoring the anatomical and functional characteristics of the cornea using various biomaterials is especially relevant in the context of a global shortage of donor tissue. Such biomaterials must be biocompatible, strong, and transparent. Here, we report a Viscoll collagen membrane with mechanical and optical properties suitable for replacing damaged stromal tissue.

[Anatomical, morphological and biomechanical aspects of accommodation].

The article reviews the findings on the anatomy, morphological and biomechanical features of the accommodation apparatus. Modern methods of imaging and biometry confirm the validity of the Helmholtz lenticular theory of accommodation, according to which its mechanism involves three main components: the ciliary body, the zonular fibres and the lens capsule, the lens itself. Based on this, there is certain interest in studying the degree of participation of each of these components in the development of age-related changes in accommodation (presbyopia).

[State of corneal nerve fibers in systemic amyloidosis].

Unlabelled: The term systemic amyloidosis unites a group of diseases with a single pathogenetic mechanism involving diffuse deposition of a pathological fibrillar protein (amyloid) in the intercellular space of various organs. Among the systemic forms of amyloidosis, light chain amyloidosis (AL-amyloidosis) occurs most often in clinical practice, while transthyretin amyloidosis (TTR-amyloidosis) is its most common hereditary form. Laser corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) allows for and non-invasive assessment of the state of corneal nerve fibers (CNF).

[Association of polymorphic markers rs7947461 of the TRIM21 gene and rs33996649 of the PTPN22 gene with the risk of developing exogenous dry eye syndrome].

Unlabelled: In this age of technological advancement, an increasing number of people is being exposed to external risk factors of damaging their ocular surface (wearing contact lenses, electromagnetic radiation from computers, mobile devices, etc.). However, the presence of external factors does not lead to a 100% risk of developing the dry eye disease (DED).

[Femtosecond laser-assisted phacoemulsification of hypermature cataract in patients with lens subluxation].

Unlabelled: Studying the modern capabilities of femtosecond laser in the treatment of complicated cataracts is a topical problem in cataract surgery.

Purpose: To develop a technique for femtosecond laser-assisted phacoemulsification of hypermature cataract in patients with degree I-II lens subluxation.

Material And Methods: Phacoemulsification of hypermature cataract with comorbid lens subluxation was performed in 78 patients (78 eyes) divided into two groups.

[Surgical treatment of hypermature cataract in patients with lens subluxation and small pupil].

Unlabelled: Studying the possibilities of hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification in complicated situations is a relevant problem in cataract surgery.

Purpose: To develop a technique for hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification in patients with a combination of hypermature cataract, small pupil and lens subluxation.

Material And Methods: Hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification of hypermature cataracts was performed in 36 patients (36 eyes) aged 63 to 78 years with grade I-II lens subluxation in combination with small pupil.

State of corneal nerve fibers after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis.

Purpose: To assess the state of corneal nerve fibers (CNF) based on quantitative parameters after laser correction of myopia using LASIK.

Material And Methods: The study examined 141 eyes - 80 eyes with myopia and 61 emmetropic eyes. In 47 cases a microkeratome was used to form a corneal flap, and in 33 cases a femtosecond laser was used (LASIK and FemtoLASIK, respectively).

[Results of hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification of hypermature cataract in patients with lens subluxation].

Unlabelled: Studying the use of femtosecond laser in patients with complicated cataracts remains a topical issue in phaco surgery.

Purpose: To comparatively analyze the results of using hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification in hypermature cataract in patients with lens subluxation.

Material And Methods: The study included 78 patients (78 eyes) with hypermature cataract in combination with lens subluxation of I-II degree.

[Protocol of intravitreal drug delivery. Consensus of the Expert Counsil of Retina and Optic Nerve Diseases of the All-Russian Public Organasation «Association of Ophthalmologists»].

Intravitreal drug administration is a procedure that has become widespread in modern ophthalmology. However, there is no global consensus on certain aspects of this manipulation, and practitioners feel the need for guidelines. In the Russian Federation, until now, such a document was not available.

[Changes in corneal nerves fibers in the early stages of Parkinson's disease according to in vivo confocal microscopy (preliminary report)].

Unlabelled: One of the research directions of the so-called non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with the assessment of structural and functional changes in the organ of vision. An assessment of the state of thin non-myelinated corneal nerve fibers (CNF) in Parkinson's disease seems to be promising considering the neurodegenerative nature of the disease, as well as the possibility of objective intravital assessment of both functional and structural changes in CNF.

Purpose: To analyze the changes in the course and structure of corneal nerve fibers in the early stages of Parkinson's disease based on an objective algorithm of corneal confocal microscopy (CCM).

[Changes in corneal nerve fibers after microinvasive cataract surgery (a preliminary report)].

Introduction: Potential changes in corneal nerve fibers (CNF) induced by cataract phacoemulsification remain insufficiently studied. The need for research in this direction is dictated by a number of circumstances: introduction of corneal confocal microscopy into clinical practice, the need for phaco surgery in the presence of corneal changes of various genesis, the possible negative impact of laser radiation during hybrid (femtosecond laser-assisted) phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To assess the changes in CNF after various methods of microinvasive cataract surgery.

[Atomic force microscopy in the study of anterior eye segment structures].

The application of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in ophthalmology is considered with respect of the classical anatomical division of the eye into anterior and posterior segments. The review presents the findings of published research studies that involved AFM as a method for assessing anatomical and functional condition of the structures of anterior eye segment. One significant line of research is related to the use of AFM technologies for evaluation of morphological and biomechanical characteristics of various parts of the eye lens.