Limitation of summer extreme high temperatures on radial growth relieve with increasing latitude in subtropics.

Global warming has induced an increase in the intensity and frequency of summer extreme high temperature events in Chinese subtropical forest, which contributes to a large component of net primary ecological production among global forests. However, how summer extreme high temperature events would influence tree radial growth in these humid subtropical forest remains unclear. We investigated the non-linear response of tree radial growth to temperature, soil moisture and their mixed effect across broad latitude gradients in Chinese subtropical forests, using a method of modelling cambial growth kinetics of Schima superba.

Vertical ozone formation mechanisms resulting from increased oxidation on the mountainside of Mount Tai, China.

The vertical distribution of ozone (O) within the boundary layer (BL) and its ground-level effects have been extensively studied. However, observational limitations in obtaining high-resolution, real-time data on O and its precursors, especially volatile organic compounds (VOCs), have led to a scarcity of research on O formation sensitivity and mechanisms. Online measurements for O, nitrogen oxides (NO ), and VOCs were made on the mountainside of Mount Tai (∼550 m a.

Incorporating citizen science into IUCN Red List assessments.

Many citizen scientists are highly motivated to help address the current extinction crisis. Their work is making valuable contributions to protecting species by raising awareness, identifying species occurrences, assessing population trends, and informing direct management actions, such as captive breeding. However, clear guidance is lacking about how to use existing citizen science data sets and how to design effective citizen science programs that directly inform extinction risk assessments and resulting conservation actions based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria.

Do exchangeable hydrogens affect the evaluation of partial mycoheterotrophy in orchids? Insights from δH analysis in bulk, α-cellulose, and cellulose nitrate samples.

To evaluate the nutritional modes of orchids associated with 'rhizoctonia' fungi, analyses of hydrogen (δH), carbon (δC), and nitrogen (δN) stable isotope ratios are usually adopted. However, previous studies have not fully accounted for exchangeable hydrogens, which could affect these evaluations. Here, we performed standard δC, δN, and δH analyses on bulk samples.

Infection risk associated with carnivore carcasses may govern trophic interactions between maggots and insectivorous passerine birds.

Infection risk by pathogenic agents motivates hosts to avoid using resources with high risks. This, in turn, results in increased availability of these resources for other species that are more tolerant of infections. For instance, carcasses of mammalian carnivores are frequently avoided by conspecific or closely related carnivores, allowing them to be almost exclusively used by maggots.

Investigation of variability in the matrix effect on stable isotope-labeled internal standards in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of 25 pesticides in vegetables.

The matrix effects (ME) in simultaneous analysis of pesticide residue using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were evaluated by comparing the slopes of matrix-matched and reagent-only calibrations of four types of vegetable samples. Both the sampling and measurement variances of the ME were also determined using one-way analysis of variance. Substantial ion suppression (ME<-20%) was observed in komatsuna, spinach, and tomato when a modified Japanese official method was implemented.

Relaxation of Spring Festival Firework Regulations Leads to a Deterioration in Air Quality.

The relaxation of restrictions on Chinese Spring Festival (SF) firework displays in certain regions has raised concerns due to intensive emissions exacerbating air quality deterioration. To evaluate the impacts of fireworks on air quality, a comparative investigation was conducted in a city between 2022 (restricted fireworks) and 2023 SF (unrestricted), utilizing high time-resolution field observations of particle chemical components and air quality model simulations. We observed two severe PM pollution episodes primarily triggered by firework emissions and exacerbated by static meteorology (contributing approximately 30%) during 2023 SF, contrasting with its absence in 2022.

Ongoing Laboratory Performance Study on Chemical Analysis of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Compounds in Three Aquatic Passive Samplers.

The quality of chemical analysis is an important aspect of passive sampling-based environmental assessments. The present study reports on a proficiency testing program for the chemical analysis of hydrophobic organic compounds in silicone and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) passive samplers and hydrophilic compounds in polar organic chemical integrative samplers. The median between-laboratory coefficients of variation (CVs) of hydrophobic compound concentrations in the polymer phase were 33% (silicone) and 38% (LDPE), similar to the CVs obtained in four earlier rounds of this program.

Influence of ozone pollution on the mixing state and formation of oxygenated organics containing single particles.

The formation and aging processes of oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) are important for understanding the formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) in the field. In this study, we investigated the mixing states of OOM particles by identifying several oxygenated species along with the distributions of secondary organic carbon (SOC) during both clean and ozone (O)-polluted periods in July and September of 2022 in Guangzhou, China. OOM-containing particles accounted for 57 % and 49 % of the total detected single particles in July and September, respectively.

Taxonomic difference in marine bloom-forming phytoplanktonic species affects the dynamics of both bloom-responding prokaryotes and prokaryotic viruses.

The production of dissolved organic matter during phytoplankton blooms and consumption by heterotrophic prokaryotes promote marine carbon biogeochemical cycling. Although prokaryotic viruses presumably affect this process, their dynamics during blooms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the effects of taxonomic difference in bloom-forming phytoplankton on prokaryotes and their viruses.

Modelling photoperiod in enhancing hydrogen production from Chlorella vulgaris sp. while bioremediating ammonium and organic pollutants in municipal wastewater.

Municipal wastewater is ubiquitously laden with myriad pollutants discharged primarily from a combination of domestic and industrial activities. These heterogeneous pollutants are threating the natural environments when the traditional activated sludge system fails sporadically to reduce the pollutants' toxicities. Besides, the activated sludge system is very energy intensive, bringing conundrums for decarbonization.

Improved molecular identification of Strongyloides myopotami in nutrias using fecal samples.

Strongyloides myopotami is an intestinal nematode parasite of nutrias. Identification of S. myopotami is conducted based on the morphological characteristics of adult worms or cultured larvae.

Grazing exclusion alters denitrification NO/(NO + N) ratio in alpine meadow of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Grazing exclusion has been implemented worldwide as a nature-based solution for restoring degraded grassland ecosystems that arise from overgrazing. However, the effect of grazing exclusion on soil nitrogen cycle processes, subsequent greenhouse gas emissions and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of four-year grazing exclusion on plant communities, soil properties, and soil nitrogen cycle-related functional gene abundance in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Abundant nitrogenous secondary organic aerosol formation accelerated by cloud processing.

Nitrogenous organic (CHON), crucial for secondary organic aerosol (SOA), forms through poorly studied mechanisms in clouds. Our study explores CHON transformation during cloud processes (CPs). These processes play a vital role in enhancing the variety of CHONs, leading to the formation of CHONs with oxygen atom counts ranging from 1 to 10 and double bond equivalent (DBE) values spanning from 2 to 10.

The significant contribution of nitrate to a severe haze event in the winter of Guangzhou, China.

A severe haze pollution occurred in Guangzhou from January 14 to 16, 2021, during which the mass concentration of PM ranged from 76 to 243 μg m. This level of pollution was rarely observed in recent years considering the improved air quality in Guangzhou. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehensively study the formation mechanisms of this severe haze pollution to prevent its reoccurrence.

Assessing Microalgal Protein's Impact on Environment and Energy Footprint via Life Cycle Analysis.

Conventionally, increasing the yield of microalgal biomass has been the primary focus of research, while the significant protein reserve within this biomass has remained largely unexplored. This protein reserve possesses substantial value and versatility, offering a wide range of prospective applications and presenting an enticing chance for innovation and value enhancement for various sectors. Current study employed an innovative research approach that focused solely on the LCA of protein production potential from microalgal biomass, a lesser-explored aspects within this domain.

Ultrafiltration membrane fabricated from polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste for treating microalgal wastewater and reusing for microalgal cultivation.

Current study had made a significant progress in microalgal wastewater treatment through the implementation of an economically viable polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membrane derived from plastic bottle waste. The membrane exhibited an exceptional pure water flux of 156.5 ± 0.

Inactivation efficacy of low-pressure plasma treatment against seed-borne tomato pathogen Clavibacter michiganensis and effect of seed setting position and mesh sheet usage.

Clavibacter michiganensis, a gram-positive actinomycete, is a major seed-borne tomato pathogen. We investigated the inactivation efficacy of low-pressure plasma treatment against C. michiganensis inoculated on tomato seeds by placing them on a mesh sheet above the bottom dielectric glass plate.

Emission characteristics, environmental impact, and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during manicure processes.

In recent years, the nail industry has been widely popular in China, and the use of nail care products has also significantly increased. Due to its high content of volatile solvents, the released VOCs not only have a negative impact on indoor air quality but also pose a health threat to nail salon workers who are highly exposed to such environments. The objectives of this research were to characterize VOCs emissions from detailed manicure processes and to evaluate the impact on the environment and health risks.

Widespread retreat of coastal habitat is likely at warming levels above 1.5 °C.

Several coastal ecosystems-most notably mangroves and tidal marshes-exhibit biogenic feedbacks that are facilitating adjustment to relative sea-level rise (RSLR), including the sequestration of carbon and the trapping of mineral sediment. The stability of reef-top habitats under RSLR is similarly linked to reef-derived sediment accumulation and the vertical accretion of protective coral reefs. The persistence of these ecosystems under high rates of RSLR is contested.

Long-Term Dietary Fish Meal Substitution with the Black Soldier Fly Larval Meal Modifies the Caecal Microbiota and Microbial Pathway in Laying Hens.

Feeding laying hens with black soldier fly larval (BSFL) meal improves their performance. However, the beneficial mechanism of BSFL meals in improving the performance of laying hens remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of the BSFL diet on liver metabolism, gut physiology, and gut microbiota in laying hens.

Enhancement of photodegradation of polyethylene with adsorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under artificial sunlight irradiation.

The photodegradation of plastic waste produces microplastics (MPs) in marine environments. Plastics can adsorb hydrophobic organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and can be transported over long distances. However, the impact of adsorbed pollutants on the photodegradation remains unknown.

Fundamental alteration of cellular biochemicals from attached microalgae onto palm kernel expeller waste upon optimizing the growth environment in forming adhesion complex.

Changing the growth environment for microalgae can overall lead to the fundamental alteration in cellular biochemicals whilst attaching onto palm kernel expeller (PKE) waste to form adhesion complex in easing harvesting at stationary growth phase. This study had initially optimized the PKE dosage, light intensity and photoperiod in maximizing the attached microalgal productivity being attained at 0.72 g/g day.