Distribution and Pathogenicity Differentiation of Physiological Races of from Cotton Stems in Western China.

Verticillium wilt, caused by the pathogenic fungus , has emerged as a severe threat to cotton globally. However, little is known about the genetic diversity of this pathogen in an infected single cotton plant. In this study, we isolated three new strains from the disease stems of from the cotton field in Western China and assessed their pathogenicity to the cotton cultivar Xinnongmian-1 and its two transgenic lines, as well as two laboratory strains, VD592 and VD991.

Unveiling the power of MYB transcription factors: Master regulators of multi-stress responses and development in cotton.

Plants, being immobile, are subject to environmental stresses more than other creatures, necessitating highly effective stress tolerance systems. Transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in the adaptation mechanism as they can be activated by diverse signals and ultimately control the expression of stress-responsive genes. One of the most prominent plant TFs family is MYB (myeloblastosis), which is involved in secondary metabolites, developmental mechanisms, biological processes, cellular architecture, metabolic pathways, and stress responses.

Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Fiber Development in Mutant Materials () Provides New Insights into Cotton Fiber Development.

Cotton is the most widely planted fiber crop in the world, and improving cotton fiber quality has long been a research hotspot. The development of cotton fibers is a complex process that includes four consecutive and overlapping stages, and although many studies on cotton fiber development have been reported, most of the studies have been based on cultivars that are promoted in production or based on lines that are used in breeding. Here, we report a phenotypic evaluation of based on immature fiber mutant () and wild-type (Xin W 139) lines and a comparative transcriptomic study at seven time points during fiber development.

Genome-Wide Identification and Preliminary Functional Analysis of (β-Amylase) Gene Family in Upland Cotton.

The β-amylase () gene family encodes important enzymes that catalyze the conversion of starch to maltose in various biological processes of plants and play essential roles in regulating the growth and development of multiple plants. So far, have been extensively studied in (). However, the characteristics of the gene family in the crucial economic crop, cotton, have not been reported.

Quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for yield-related traits of upland cotton revealed by genome-wide association analysis under drought conditions.

Background: Due to the influence of extreme weather, the environment in China's main cotton-producing areas is prone to drought stress conditions, which affect the growth and development of cotton and lead to a decrease in cotton yield.

Results: In this study, 188 upland cotton germplasm resources were phenotyped for data of 8 traits (including 3 major yield traits) under drought conditions in three environments for two consecutive years. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between the three yield traits.

Genome-wide association analysis revealed genetic variation and candidate genes associated with the yield traits of upland cotton under drought conditions.

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses seriously affecting cotton yield. At present, the main cotton-producing areas in China are primarily arid and semiarid regions. Therefore, the identification of molecular markers and genes associated with cotton yield traits under drought conditions is of great importance for stabilize cotton yield under such conditions.

Transcriptome Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of the Gene from the Desert Moss Conferring Resistance to Salt Stress in Cotton.

The desert moss has proven to be an excellent plant material for mining resistance genes. The ( gene from has been shown to confer tolerance to salt and drought, but it is unclear how the transgene regulates tolerance to abiotic stresses in cotton. In the present work, we studied the physiological and transcriptome analyses of non-transgenic (NT) and transgenic cotton (L96) at 0 day, 2 days, and 5 days after salt stress.

Cell-specific clock-controlled gene expression program regulates rhythmic fiber cell growth in cotton.

Background: The epidermis of cotton ovule produces fibers, the most important natural cellulose source for the global textile industry. However, the molecular mechanism of fiber cell growth is still poorly understood.

Results: Here, we develop an optimized protoplasting method, and integrate single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) to systematically characterize the cells of the outer integument of ovules from wild type and fuzzless/lintless (fl) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).

Dissection of Hyperspectral Reflectance to Estimate Photosynthetic Characteristics in Upland Cotton ( L.) under Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Based on Machine Learning Algorithms.

Hyperspectral technology has enabled rapid and efficient nitrogen monitoring in crops. However, most approaches involve direct monitoring of nitrogen content or physiological and biochemical indicators directly related to nitrogen, which cannot reflect the overall plant nutritional status. Two important photosynthetic traits, the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), were previously shown to respond positively to nitrogen changes.

Effect of boron deficiency on the photosynthetic performance of sugar beet cultivars with contrasting boron efficiencies.

Boron (B) deficiency severely affects the quality of sugar beet production, and the employment of nutrient-efficient varieties for cultivation is a crucial way to solve environmental and resource-based problems. However, the aspect of leaf photosynthetic performance among B-efficient sugar beet cultivars remains uncertain. The B deficient and B-sufficient treatments were conducted in the experiment using KWS1197 (B-efficient) and KWS0143 (B-inefficient) sugar beet cultivars as study materials.

Intelligent identification of film on cotton based on hyperspectral imaging and convolutional neural network.

The identification of the film on cotton is of great significance for the improvement of cotton quality. Most of the existing technologies are dedicated to removing colored foreign fibers from cotton using photoelectric sorting methods. However, the current technologies are difficult to identify colorless transparent film, which becomes an obstacle for the harvest of high-quality cotton.

High boron stress leads to sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) toxicity by disrupting photosystem Ⅱ.

This sugar beet acts as a soil remediator in areas where there are high levels of boron (B) in the soil, since it has a high requirement of boron (B) for growth, and has strong resistance to high B levels. Although B toxicity in different plants has been widely researched, little is known about the response of photosystem II (PSII) activity in sugar beet leaves to B toxicity at present. To clarify the growth and photosynthetic physiological response of sugar beet to B toxicity, the effects of different concentrations of HBO (0.

Study on phytotoxicity evaluation and physiological properties of nicosulfuron on sugar beet ( L.).

Nicosulfuron is an herbicide widely used in corn fields. In northeast China, sugar beet is often planted adjacent to corn, resulting in frequent phytotoxicity of nicosulfuron drift in sugar beet fields. This study was conducted by spraying nicosulfuron to assess the phytotoxicity and clarify the mechanism of nicosulfuron toxicity on sugar beet.

Genome-Wide Identification of the Gene Family in Upland Cotton ( L.) and Expression Analysis in Drought Stress Treatments.

Cotton is an important commercial crop whose growth and yield are severely affected by drought. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is widely involved in the plant stress response and growth regulation; however, the role of the S-adenosylmethionine synthase () gene family in this process is poorly understood. Here, we systematically analyzed the expression of genes in Upland Cotton ( L.

Phytotoxicity response of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) seedlings to herbicide fomesafen in soil.

Fomesafen is the most widely used herbicide in the soybean field. However, there are urgent practical challenges with the long-term persistence of fomesafen in soil and its effects on the subsequent crops in agricultural production. Therefore, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of fomesafen residues (0-0.

Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates fomesafen toxicity by improving photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant defense system in sugar beet.

Fomesafen herbicide application has become major pollution in the growth and production of crops. Spraying fomesafen on the target crops may drift out to non-target crops. In northeast China, sugar beets are always planted adjacent to soybeans.

The genomic basis of geographic differentiation and fiber improvement in cultivated cotton.

Large-scale genomic surveys of crop germplasm are important for understanding the genetic architecture of favorable traits. The genomic basis of geographic differentiation and fiber improvement in cultivated cotton is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed 3,248 tetraploid cotton genomes and confirmed that the extensive chromosome inversions on chromosomes A06 and A08 underlies the geographic differentiation in cultivated Gossypium hirsutum.