Home-made carbonated water and the consumption of water and other beverages in children and adolescents: results of the DONALD study.

Aim: To determine differences in intake of water, drinking water and beverages between consumers (C) and non-consumers (NC) of carbonated water prepared at home.

Methods: Matched pairs design; 3-d-weighed diet records; participants of the DONALD Study (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study) aged 2-18 y (n = 550, mean: 8.2 y).

Vitamin and mineral supplements use in German children and adolescents between 1986 and 2003: results of the DONALD Study.

Background/aims: Dietary supplements may contribute to a considerable proportion to micronutrient intake. However, little is known about the consumption of supplements in children and adolescents, especially in Germany. We therefore examined patterns and time trends in supplement consumption in healthy children and adolescents.

Assessment of breast-feeding promotion in hospitals and follow-up survey of mother-infant pairs in Germany: the SuSe Study.

Objective: To assess breast-feeding promotion in maternity hospitals and breast-feeding prevalences during the first year of life in mother-infant pairs in Germany.

Design: Cross-sectional assessment of breast-feeding practices in a random sample of German maternity hospitals by use of a postal questionnaire. Follow-up of mother-infant pairs recruited in the participating hospitals to assess breast-feeding prevalences and infant feeding practices by use of a telephone interview 14 days after birth and food-frequency questionnaires mailed at the end of the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 9th and 12th month of life.

Significance of fortified beverages in the long-term diet of German children and adolescents: 15-year results of the DONALD Study.

Fortified beverages and instant drinks are the most frequently consumed fortified products in children and adolescents in Germany. However, little is known about the contribution of these products to micronutrient intake. Between 1986 and 2000, consumption of fortified food (total and the subgroup of fortified beverages) and time trends in energy and micronutrient intake were assessed on the basis of 3 day-weighed dietary records (n = 4358) of males and females between the ages of 2 and 14 years (n = 398/408) enrolled in the DONALD Study (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study).

Fifteen year trends in water intake in German children and adolescents: results of the DONALD Study. Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study.

Unlabelled: Water intake was evaluated and time trends in water intake and beverage consumption were assessed on the basis of 3 d weighed dietary records (n = 3,736) of 2-13-y-old males (n = 354) and females (n = 379) enrolled in the DONALD Study (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed Study, 1985-1999). Total water intake increased with age from 1,114 g d(-1) in the 2-3-y-olds to 1,363 g d(-1) in the 4-8-y-olds and further to 1,801 g d(-1) (1,676 g d(-1)) in the 9-13-y-old boys (girls); 33-38% came from food, 49-55% from beverages and 12-13% from oxidation. Total water intake per body weight decreased with age from 77.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in urine from man and rat.

The renally excreted amount of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (oxo(8)dG) is a potential marker of oxidative DNA damage by reactive oxygen species. We have developed a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method to determine oxo(8)dG in urine from humans and Wistar rats. First, 300 microl of filtered urine is prefractionated by solid phase extraction (BAKERBOND SPE C(18) Polar Plus column).

High-pH anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection and molar response factors of human milk oligosaccharides.

A method is described to separate and characterize neutral and acidic lactose-derived oligosaccharides without prior derivatization or reduction by high-pH anion-exchange chromatography and pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). This method has been applied to human milk oligosaccharides from donors with different blood group specificity (A, Le(a) and A, Le(b). Neutral and acidic components were separated from each other by anion-exchange chromatography.

Achievable guidelines for food consumption to reach a balanced fat and nutrient intake in childhood and adolescence.

In many highly industrialized countries a reduction in the high average intake of fat, especially saturated fatty acids and cholesterol, has been recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases for the general population, including children. However, it has not yet been shown that such a diet is generally achievable in childhood and that it meets the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for essential nutrients. Based on results of a nutrition survey using a 3-day weighing method for 350 German children and adolescents (1-14 years of age), achievable dietary modifications have been proposed to improve the observed nutrient intake (percentages of energy intake from protein:fat/saturated fatty acids:carbohydrates 13:39/18:48%).

Fanconi-Bickel syndrome.

Clinical, biochemical, functional and morphological data are presented in nine infants, children and adults, with Fanconi-Bickel syndrome. Long-term follow-up studies show severe growth retardation, partly compensated for by late onset of puberty. Glomerular filtration rate is normal or slightly decreased.