381 results match your criteria: "Research Institute for Medical Sciences[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on the increasing resistance of a significant mosquito vector in Myanmar, which spreads various viral diseases.
  • The research specifically identifies mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) that are linked to resistance against pyrethroid insecticides commonly used in mosquito control.
  • High frequencies of several key mutations were found in the mosquito population, indicating a serious level of resistance and emphasizing the need for improved vector control strategies in the region.
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This study aimed to examine the role of CD70, which is highly expressed on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. FLS isolated from RA ( = 14) and osteoarthritis (OA, = 4) patients were stimulated with recombinant interleukin-17 (IL-17; 5 ng/mL) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α; 5 ng/mL) for 24 h. Expression of CD70, CD27/soluble CD27 (sCD27), and hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α) was analyzed by RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and ELISA assays, respectively.

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We investigated whether a fibrinogen-thrombin collagen sponge patch reduces postoperative complications of parotid gland surgery. This single-blinded, randomized controlled study included 165 patients who underwent parotid surgery for benign tumors (2018-2019) at a tertiary center. Primary outcomes were postoperative drain amount, days until drain removal, and discharge.

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Elevated APE1/Ref-1 Levels of Synovial Fluids in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Reflection of Disease Activity.

J Clin Med

November 2021

Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea.

There is growing evidence that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) regulates inflammatory responses. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease, which is characterized with synovitis and joint destruction. Therefore, this study was planned to investigate the relationship between APE1/Ref-1 and RA.

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The production and oxidation mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are out of balance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the correlation between ROS and T cell subsets in RA remains unclear. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with RA (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 10) were isolated from whole blood samples.

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Endothelial Dysfunction: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches.

Biomedicines

October 2021

Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Korea.

The vascular endothelium is an active tissue that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis [...

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A Prospective Study of Taxane-Induced Neuropathy with Breast Cancer: Proper Assessment Tool for Taxane-Induced Neuropathy.

South Asian J Cancer

April 2021

Department of Surgery and Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Korea.

Many chemotherapeutic agents, especially taxanes, can induce peripheral neuropathy. To evaluate the clinical characteristics of taxane-induced neuropathy (TIN) and determine the proper assessment tool for TIN in patients with breast cancer. Single-center, observational, prospective study.

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Temporal Changes in the Genetic Diversity of Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in Myanmar.

Pathogens

July 2021

Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea.

Despite a significant decline in the incidence of malaria in Myanmar recently, malaria is still an important public health concern in the country. Although is associated with the highest incidence of malaria in Myanmar, the proportion of cases has shown a gradual increase in recent years. The genetic diversity of merozoite surface protein-1 block 5-6 (- ICB 5-6) in the population of Myanmar was analyzed to obtain a comprehensive insight into its genetic heterogeneity and evolutionary history.

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Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein that can be secreted, and recently suggested as new biomarker for vascular inflammation. However, the endogenous hormones for APE1/Ref-1 secretion and its underlying mechanisms are not defined. Here, the effect of twelve endogenous hormones on APE1/Ref-1 secretion was screened in cultured vascular endothelial cells.

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Circulating regulatory T cells predict efficacy and atypical responses in lung cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Cancer Immunol Immunother

March 2022

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Korea.

Article Synopsis
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are commonly used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and this study explores the occurrences of pseudoprogression (temporary worsening) and hyperprogression (rapid disease worsening) among patients receiving ICIs.
  • The research involved 74 advanced NSCLC patients at Chungnam National University Hospital, assessing their response to treatment by analyzing chest X-rays and measuring circulating Treg cells in blood samples shortly after starting therapy.
  • Results showed that pseudoprogression occurred in 13.5% and hyperprogression in 8.1% of patients, with significant changes in Treg cell levels suggesting they could serve as a biomarker to differentiate these responses and predict treatment outcomes.
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Knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of severe dengue impede vaccine evaluation.

Lancet Infect Dis

February 2022

Dengue Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, PR, USA; United States Public Health Service, Silver Springs, MD, USA.

The most severe consequences of dengue virus infection include shock, haemorrhage, and major organ failure; however, the frequency of these manifestations varies, and the relative contribution of pre-existing anti-dengue virus antibodies, virus characteristics, and host factors (including age and comorbidities) are not well understood. Reliable characterisation of the epidemiology of severe dengue first depends on the use of consistent definitions of disease severity. As vaccine trials have shown, severe dengue is a crucial interventional endpoint, yet the infrequency of its occurrence necessitates the inclusion of thousands of study participants to appropriately compare its frequency among participants who have and have not been vaccinated.

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Clusters of Toxoplasmosis in Ganghwa-gun, Cheorwon-gun, and Goseong-gun, Korea.

Korean J Parasitol

June 2021

Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.

We find out the clusters with high toxoplasmosis risk to discuss the geographical pattern in Gyodong-myeon and Samsan-myeon of Ganghwa-gun, Cheorwon-gun, and Goseong-gun, Korea. Seroepidemiological data of toxoplasmosis surveyed using rapid diagnostic tests for the residents in the areas in 2019 were analyzed to detect clusters of the infection. The cluster was investigated using the SaTScan program which is based on Kulldorff's scan statistic.

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Background/aim: New therapeutic agents and prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer are needed. We analyzed the composition of peripheral blood T-cell subpopulations in response to chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer.

Patients And Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients diagnosed with gastric cancer before and after chemotherapy (FOLFOX; oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin).

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Capsanthin is the main carotenoid compound in red paprika ( L.). However, little is known about the beneficial effects of capsanthin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

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Context: Spiritual well-being (SWB) is significant for patients with life-limiting illnesses. Thus, shortened versions of questions would be helpful in approaching SWB.

Objectives: Our goal was to develop a one-item screening question to assess the SWB of advanced cancer inpatients.

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The PDE5 inhibitor udenafil ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by improving mitochondrial function.

Biochem Biophys Res Commun

June 2021

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Daejeon, South Korea. Electronic address:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a series of diseases, including simple steatosis, caused by the excessive accumulation of fat in hepatocytes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with inflammation and fibrosis, and more advanced forms of cirrhosis. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying fatty liver and the progression from simple fatty liver to hepatitis and cirrhosis remain unclear. One potentially unifying mechanism may be a dysregulation of free fatty acid oxidation.

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Factors Related to Regional Variation in the High-risk Drinking Rate in Korea: Using Quantile Regression.

J Prev Med Public Health

March 2021

Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify regional differences in the high-risk drinking rate among yearly alcohol users in Korea and to identify relevant regional factors for each quintile using quantile regression.

Methods: Data from 227 counties surveyed by the 2017 Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) were analyzed. The analysis dataset included secondary data extracted from the Korean Statistical Information Service and data from the KCHS.

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Purpose: Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is thought to inhibit cell proliferation or promote cell death, but the details remain unclear. In this study, we propose that AMPK inhibits the expression of anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) by relying on the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α)-induced caveolin-1 (Cav-1) expression pathway in noninvasive human bladder tumor (RT4) cells.

Methods: In cells exposed to a hypoxic environment (0.

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Antimicrobial activity of multiscale metal oxide (MO) particles against () and M13 bacteriophage (phage) was investigated under dual ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Zinc oxide (ZnO), magnesium oxide (MgO), cuprous oxide (CuO), and cupric oxide (CuO) were selected as photocatalytic antimicrobials in MO particles. Physicochemical properties including morphology, particle size/particle size distribution, atomic composition, crystallinity, and porosity were evaluated.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nano/microparticles (NPs/MPs) have been studied as antibiotics to enhance antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and viruses with or without antibiotic resistance. They have unique physicochemical characteristics that can affect biological and toxicological responses in microorganisms. Metal ion release, particle adsorption, and reactive oxygen species generation are the main mechanisms underlying their antimicrobial action.

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There are several studies that sevoflurane could enhance proliferation of cancer cells, while others suggest no effect on clinical outcome. We conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to investigate the effects of sevoflurane, a volatile anesthetic, on proliferation and outcomes of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. A total of 37 mice were injected with LLC cells to compare the tumor size and survival of the sevoflurane exposed group (sevo group) and control group.

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Cluster of Parasite Infections by the Spatial Scan Analysis in Korea.

Korean J Parasitol

December 2020

Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.

This study was performed to find out the clusters with high parasite infection risk to discuss the geographical pattern. Clusters were detected using SatScan software, which is a statistical spatial scan program using Kulldorff's scan statistic. Information on the parasitic infection cases in Korea 2011-2019 were collected from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Monitoring Insecticide Resistance and Target Site Mutations of L1014 Kdr And G119 Ace Alleles in Five Mosquito Populations in Korea.

Korean J Parasitol

October 2020

Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine & Global Resource Bank of Parasitic Protozoa Pathogens, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea.

Mosquitoes are globally distributed and important vectors for the transmission of many human diseases. Mosquito control is a difficult task and the cost of preventing mosquito-borne diseases is much lower than that for curing the associated diseases. Thus, chemical control remains the most effective tool for mosquito.

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Clusters of Toxoplasmosis in Gyodong-Myeon and Samsan-Myeon, Ganghwa-Gun, Korea.

Korean J Parasitol

October 2020

Department of Biomedicine Health Science, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.

The purpose of this study is to find out the clusters with high toxoplasmosis risk to discuss the geographical pattern in 2 islands of Gyodong-myeon and Samsan-myeon in Ganghwa-gun, Korea. Seroepidemiological data of toxoplasmosis surveyed using rapid diagnostic tests for the residents in 2 islands from 2010 to 2013 were analyzed to detect clusters of the infection. The cluster was investigated using the SatScan program which is based on Kulldorff's scan statistic.

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Genetic polymorphism of vir genes of Plasmodium vivax in Myanmar.

Parasitol Int

February 2021

Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

The Plasmodium vivax variant proteins encoded by vir genes are highly polymorphic antigens and are considered as one of key proteins of P. vivax for host immune evasion via antigenic variations. Because genetic diversity of these antigens is a critical hurdle in the development of an effective vaccine, understanding the genetic nature of the vir genes in natural population is important.

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