Direct β-C-H ketoalkylation of enaminoesters with cyclopropanols under metal-free conditions.

A TEMPO-mediated β-ketoalkylation of enaminoesters with cyclopropanols under metal-free conditions is herein described. This reaction provides a straightforward and highly efficient route to β-keto alkyl substituted enaminoesters for the first time, which could be rapidly and efficiently converted into synthetically useful 2-alkoxycarbonyl functionalized 1,5-diketones. Moreover, the practicability of this protocol is successfully demonstrated by scale-up experiments and the late-stage functionalization of natural products and pharmaceutically relevant molecules.

Scalable Synthesis of 2D ErOCl with Sub-meV Narrow Emissions at Telecom Band.

Van der Waals (vdWs) materials are promising candidates for hetero-integration with silicon photonics toward miniaturization and integration. VdWs materials like molybdenum telluride and black phosphorus, despite being prominent, exhibit air sensitivity, and their room temperature emissions can be significantly broadened by tens of meV. Here, a self-encapsulation strategy is developed to scalably synthesize robust 2D vdWs ErOCl with sub-meV narrow emissions at the telecom C-band.

Observation of Large Low-Field Magnetoresistance in Layered (NdNiO):NdO Films at High Temperatures.

Large low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR, < 1 T), related to the spin-disorder scattering or spin-polarized tunneling at boundaries of polycrystalline manganates, holds considerable promise for the development of low-power and ultrafast magnetic devices. However, achieving significant LFMR typically necessitates extremely low temperatures due to diminishing spin polarization as temperature rises. To address this challenge, one strategy involves incorporating Ruddlesden-Popper structures (ABO):AO, which are layered derivatives of perovskite structure capable of potentially inducing heightened magnetic fluctuations at higher temperatures.

A Mitochondria-Related Signature in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Prognosis, Immune and Therapeutic Features.

Background: Distinctive heterogeneity characterizes diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), one of the most frequent types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mitochondria have been demonstrated to be closely involved in tumorigenesis and progression, particularly in DLBCL.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to identify the prognostic mitochondria-related genes (MRGs) in DLBCL, and to develop a risk model based on MRGs and machine learning algorithms.

Design and validation of the reflection skills self-assessment questionnaire (RSSAQ).

Background: Reflection is one of the main components of the medical sciences curriculum. It is one of the learner-centered educational strategies, leading to deep learning, and is necessary to attain professional capabilities. A pertinent challenge is how to assess reflection.

Design and validation of a self-assessment questionnaire of basic thinking skills.

Background: Since assessment of basic thinking skills is crucial in identifying an individual's cognitive capacities and comprehending their strengths and weaknesses, developing a suitable evaluating instrument holds significant importance in scheduling the training of basic thinking skills. This study aims to develop and subsequently validate a self-assessment questionnaire of basic thinking skills for medical sciences students.

Materials And Methods: The present study of designing and psychometrically testing the self-assessment questionnaire of basic thinking skills among medical sciences students was conducted between 2022 and 2023 at Isfahan University.

CD137 agonism enhances anti-PD1 induced activation of expanded CD8 T cell clones in a neoadjuvant pancreatic cancer clinical trial.

Successful pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) immunotherapy requires therapeutic combinations that induce quality T cells. Tumor microenvironment (TME) analysis following therapeutic interventions can identify response mechanisms, informing design of effective combinations. We provide a reference single-cell dataset from tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) from a human neoadjuvant clinical trial comparing the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting allogeneic PDAC vaccine GVAX alone, in combination with anti-PD1 or with both anti-PD1 and CD137 agonist.

The canonical deep neural network as a model for human symmetry processing.

A key property of our environment is the mirror symmetry of many objects, although symmetry is an abstract global property with no definable shape template, making symmetry identification a challenge for standard template-matching algorithms. We therefore ask whether Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) trained on typical natural environmental images develop a selectivity for symmetry similar to that of the human brain. We tested a DNN trained on such typical natural images with object-free random-dot images of 1, 2, and 4 symmetry axes.

A comprehensive voice dataset for Hindko digit recognition.

Hindko is a language primarily spoken in Northwestern areas of Pakistan. Approximately eight million people speak the Hindko language. According to its native speakers, it is 7 largest language of Pakistan and 2 largest language of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Trends of alkaline phosphatase to prealbumin ratio in patients with hepatitis B linked to hepatocellular carcinoma development.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B often progresses silently toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Early detection of HCC is crucial, yet challenging.

Aim: To investigate the role of dynamic changes in alkaline phosphatase to prealbumin ratio (APR) in hepatitis B progression to HCC.

Sciatic nerve injury treated by acupuncture: a bibliometric study and visualization analysis.

Objective: Sciatic nerve injuries often lead to severe pain and motor dysfunction, causing serious impact on patients' quality of life. Acupuncture, as one of the main therapies in traditional Chinese medicine, is gradually gaining attention in the field of nerve injury due to its potential role in pain relief and nerve repair. Bibliometric and scientific knowledge mapping methods were employed to analyze the current research status, hotspots, and development trends of acupuncture for sciatic nerve injury (SNI) over the past decade.

Personal light treatment devices: a countermeasure to improve sleep, fatigue, and circadian misalignment in an operational setting.

Carefully timed light exposure is a promising countermeasure to overcome the negative sleep and circadian implications of shift work. However, many lighting interventions are static and applied at the group level (e.g.

Proton and Carbon Ion Beam Spot Size Measurement Using 5 Different Detector Types.

Purpose: The spot size of scanned particle beams is of crucial importance for the correct dose delivery and, therefore, plays a significant role in the quality assurance (QA) of pencil beam scanning ion beam therapy.

Materials And Methods: This study compares 5 detector types-radiochromic film, ionization chamber (IC) array, flat panel detector, multiwire chamber, and IC-for measuring the spot size of proton and carbon ion beams.

Results: Variations of up to 30% were found between detectors, underscoring the impact of detector choice on QA outcomes.

Impact of crack cocaine on salivary nucleic acids, enzymes, esters, and lipids: A fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy study.

Objective: This study aims to analyze saliva composition in crack users using vibrational spectroscopy.

Material And Methods: A total of 90 participants were meticulously selected and divided into three groups, each comprising 30 individuals. All participants met the criterion of having no observable clinical changes in the oral mucosa.

Navigating the nano-world future: Harnessing cellulose nanocrystals from green sources for sustainable innovation.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a class of materials that have received significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and potential applications. CNCs are extracted from plant fibers and possess high strength, stiffness, and biocompatibility, making them attractive materials for use in various fields such as biomedical engineering, renewable energy, and nanotechnology. This provides an in-depth discussion of the extraction, characterization, and promising applications of CNCs.

What drives consumers' intention towards fairness-oriented products purchasing? An emotion-extended model of theory of planned behaviour.

Fairness-oriented products have attracted increased interest in the last few years, particularly within the context of agrifood systems. However, in scholarly literature, limited studies are available where researchers discuss what drives consumers' choices towards fair food. This study investigates consumers' purchasing intentions towards fairness-oriented food products by applying an emotion-extended model of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB).

Highly oxygenated cyclohexenes from the leaves of Roxb. ex Hornem and their cytotoxic and -glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Phytochemical investigation of the leaf extract of Roxb. ex Hornem led to the isolation and identification of two new highly oxygenated cyclohexenes, uvariagrandols A () and B (), together with seven known compounds (-). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods as well as comparisons made from the literature.

Modeling and optimization of surface modification process of ultrafiltration membranes by guanidine-based deep eutectic solvent.

Low performance and the high fouling tendency of Polyetherimide (PEI) membranes prevent their widespread commercial utility. In this study, we utilized a deep eutectic solvent (DES) as a versatile agent for surface modification of the PEI membrane using a simple and sustainable method. To attain an efficient PEI membrane, modeling and optimization of the modification condition were conducted via response surface methodology (RSM).

Acupuncture Dosage and Its Correlation with Effectiveness in Patients with Chronic Stable Angina: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of various acupuncture dosages for Chronic Stable Angina (CSA) using randomized controlled trials (RCTs), addressing the unclear relationship between dosage and effectiveness despite acupuncture's potential.

Methods: We searched eight bibliographic databases from inception to October 31, 2024, evaluating RCTs comparing acupuncture to placebo or standard care for CSA patients, focusing on angina attack frequency as the primary outcome. Studies were categorized into high (HDG), moderate (MDG), and low (LDG) dosage groups based on acupuncture characteristics: the number of acupoints, total sessions, frequency per week, and the need for "Deqi".

Periductal Mastitis Occurring Among Hubble-Bubble Smokers: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review.

Periductal mastitis (PM) is a form of nonlactational mastitis. The clinical picture varies from mild periareolar inflammation to frank retroareolar abscess formation. A huge amount of literature is incriminating cigarette smoking as a major contributing factor to the etiology of PM, and cessation of smoking is essential for a successful treatment.

Trends in Research Productivity Among Residents Applying For United States Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Fellowships.

Background: Little empirical research has been done on factors evaluated in the fellowship matching process, this study intends to evaluate the impact of research productivity.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify research trends and characterize the academic profiles of recent Foot and Ankle (F&A) fellows in the United States when they applied for fellowship.

Methods: The American Orthopedic F&A Society website was used to identify accepted fellows between the years 2017-2023.

A one health approach for integrated vector management monitoring and evaluation.

The French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses) has set up a multidisciplinary working group (WG) to develop an innovative One Health approach for the monitoring and evaluation of an integrated vector management system (IVMS) on a territorial scale. Four existing evaluation guidelines and methods have been combined into a semi-quantitative evaluation approach that takes into account all the dimensions of an integrated process. We propose a set of 34 criteria divided into three sections (objectives and management, implementation, integration) that correspond to the main functional components of an IVMS.

The role of GATA4 in mesenchymal stem cell senescence: A new frontier in regenerative medicine.

The Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) is a multipotent progenitor cell with known differentiation potential towards various cell lineage, making it an appealing candidate for regenerative medicine. One major contributing factor to age-related MSC dysfunction is cellular senescence, which is the hallmark of relatively irreversible growth arrest and changes in functional properties. GATA4, a zinc-finger transcription factor, emerges as a critical regulator in MSC biology.

Multimodal fluorescence-optoacoustic imaging of the near-infrared calcium ion indicator NIR-GECO2G.

Measuring whole-brain distributed functional activity is an important unmet need in neuroscience, requiring high temporal resolution and cellular specificity across large volumes. Functional optoacoustic neuro-tomography (FONT) with genetically encoded calcium ion indicators is a promising approach towards this goal. However, it has not yet been applied in the near-infrared (NIR) range that provides deep penetration and low vascular background optimal for neuroimaging.

Neurocognitive Profiles of Early Adulthood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objectives: This study examined the neurocognitive profiles of early adulthood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients using the Korean version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 4th Edition (K-WAIS-IV) and Continuous Performance Test 3rd Edition (CPT-3) assessment results.

Methods: A total of 105 individuals underwent the K-WAIS-IV assessment, and 68 participants completed the CPT-3. We examined the differences between intelligence subindex scores using paired t-tests and applied Pearson's correlation analysis to determine the correlation between the K-WAIS-IV and CPT-3 scores.