Using Polychlorinated Naphthalene Concentrations in the Soil from a Southeast China E-Waste Recycling Area in a Novel Screening-Level Multipathway Human Cancer Risk Assessment.

Polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) concentrations in the soil at an e-waste recycling area in Guiyu, China, were measured and the associated human cancer risk due to e-waste-related exposures was investigated. We quantified PCNs in the agricultural soil and used these concentrations with predictive equations to calculate theoretical concentrations in outdoor air. We then calculated theoretical concentrations in indoor air using an attenuation factor and in the local diet using previously published models for contaminant uptake in plants and fruits.

[Catalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B by FeOCl Activated Hydrogen Peroxide].

The wide application of traditional Fenton reactions was firmly restricted by the requirement for harsh acid conditions, as well as the inevitable generation of iron slurry. The FeOCl nanosheets, prepared by the chemical vapor transformation method, were used to degrade RhB via activation of HO. The FeOCl was characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), the results showed that FeOCl exhibited a fine crystal structure and nanosheet-like morphology, which was favorable for exposure of active sites.

Bioaccumulation and transfer characteristics of dechlorane plus in human adipose tissue and blood stream and the underlying mechanisms.

In this study, bioaccumulation and transfer characteristics of dechlorane plus (DP) were examined between human adipose tissue and matched maternal serum, and the possible transfer mechanism between tissues was further discussed. The median level of total DP was 971 pg g wet weight (ww) and 1.22 ng g lipid weight (lw) in adipose tissue, respectively, and was 34.

Metagenomic characterization of antibiotic resistance genes in Antarctic soils.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are considered environmental pollutants. Comprehensive characterization of the ARGs in pristine environments is essential towards understanding the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Here, we analyzed ARGs in soil samples collected from relatively pristine Antarctica using metagenomic approaches.

Characterization of airborne antibiotic resistance genes from typical bioaerosol emission sources in the urban environment using metagenomic approach.

The wide spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) has attracted increasing concern. However, the occurrence and diversity of ARGs in airborne particles remains to be understood. In this study, total suspended particles (TSP) in the atmosphere were collected from typical sources of ARG pollution, including animal farms and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), as well as the downtown area in Zhuhai, China.

Cd inhibition and pH improvement via a nano-submicron mineral-based soil conditioner.

Cd contamination of rice in recent years has aroused a nationwide concern on the potential health risk to people in China. A significant increase of soil acidification in major Chinese croplands improves available Cd content by crops, and this further pushes a heavier burden on controlling Cd contamination. Therefore, it is urgent to find a workable and green way to control Cd contamination, i.

Characterising the interspecific variations and convergence of gut microbiota in Anseriformes herbivores at wintering areas.

Microorganisms in vertebrate guts have been recognized as important symbionts influencing host life. However, it remains unclear about the gut microbiota in long-distance migratory Anseriformes herbivores, which could be functionally important for these wetland-dependent animals. We collected faeces of the greater white-fronted goose (GWFG), bean goose (BG) and swan goose (SG) from Shengjin Lake (SJL) and Poyang Lake (PYL) in the Yangtze River Floodplain, China.

Metagenomic Analysis Revealing Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) and Their Genetic Compartments in the Tibetan Environment.

Comprehensive profiles of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in a minimally impacted environment are essential to understanding the evolution and dissemination of modern antibiotic resistance. Chemical analyses of the samples collected from Tibet demonstrated that the region under investigation was almost devoid of anthropogenic antibiotics. The soils, animal wastes, and sediments were different from each other in terms of bacterial community structures, and in the typical profiles of ARGs and MGEs.

Maternal transfer of dechloranes and their distribution among tissues in contaminated ducks.

The tissue concentrations of dechlorane plus and its analogues were determined in ducks collected from several e-waste recycling villages of Taizhou, China. Compared with the published literature, the relatively high concentrations of these compounds were detected in ducks, indicating serious DP contamination. Since both the duck meat and eggs were important components for diet, this result reminded us of keeping a watchful eye on human dietary exposure to DP and its analogues in this study area.

Antioxidant, cholinesterase inhibition activities and essential oil analysis of Nelumbo nucifera seeds.

Nelumbo nucifera seeds' essential oil (EO), crude extract and subsequent fractions were evaluated for their DPPH, ABTS and superoxide anion-free radical scavenging and cholinesterase inhibitory activities. The ethyl acetate fraction and EO showed outstanding antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 191, 450 μg/mL (DPPH), 123, 221 μg/mL (ABTS) and 69, 370 μg/mL (superoxide anion). The ethyl acetate fraction and EO also caused significant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase with IC50 values of 70 ± 0.

Identification of mercury methylation product by tert-butyl compounds in aqueous solution under light irradiation.

The methylation of mercury (Hg) is of great concern as methylmercury (MeHg), the most toxic species, is produced. This study examined the possibilities of tert-butyl compounds (tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH)) and other alcohols serving as methyl donors for Hg photo-methylation under light irradiation. The yield of MeHg varied among the methyl donors, and it was also significantly influenced by salinity and pH.

Polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyl ethers in adipose tissue and matched serum from an E-waste recycling area (Wenling, China).

To Date, the knowledge on relationship between PCBs/PBDEs exposure and thyroid hormones (THs) levels during pregnancy still needs to be extended. Meanwhile, studies on congener-specific adipose-serum ratios for PCBs/PBDEs were limited. This study reports the levels of PCBs/PBDEs in serum-adipose tissue samples (n = 64) from expectant women living surrounding e-waste recycling sites in Wenling, China.

Placental transfer of dechlorane plus in mother-infant pairs in an e-waste recycling area (Wenling, China).

It has been reported that breastfeeding can expose newborns to dechlorane plus (DP), but transplacental transfer of DP has not been documented. We measured DP and its dechlorinated analogs in matched maternal blood-placenta-cord blood samples from 72 residents of the e-waste recycling area of Wenling, China. DP was detected in cord sera, indicating the occurrence of prenatal DP exposure and the transfer of DP across the placenta.

[Contribution of isoprene emitted from vegetable to atmospheric formaldehyde in the ambient air of Beijing city].

Methacrolein (MACR) and methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), which are the characteristic products of isoprene photooxidation in the atmosphere, as well as formaldehyde, were determined during March to November of 2006 in the ambient air of Beijing city. Cartridges coated with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhenylhydrazine (DNPH) were used to collect those carbonyls in ambient air and a high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for quantification. Distinct amounts of MACR and MVK were detected during vegetable growing seasons from April to October with ambient levels in ranges of 0.

A reformed SBR technology integrated with two-step feeding and low-intensity aeration for swine wastewater treatment.

Wastewater from animal farms in China is threatening the quality and security of the local water environment. A traditional sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and a reformed SBR integrated with two-step feeding and low-intensity aeration at laboratory scale were investigated in this study for biological removal of nutrients and organic matter from swine wastewater. A low efficiency and poor stability were found under the traditional SBR, and the reduction of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) reached 89.

Methylation mechanism of tin(II) by methylcobalamin in aquatic systems.

The methylation reaction of tin(II) with methylcobalamin (CH(3)B(12)) in aquatic systems was modeled in the laboratory. The products were detected by a sensitive gas chromatography-flame photometric detector (GC-FPD), and further identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Both monomethyltin (MMT) and dimethyltin (DMT) were found as methylation products.

Equilibrium and kinetics of copper(II) biosorption by Myriophyllum spicatum L.

The potential use of Myriophyllum spicatum L. biomass as a biosorbent for the removal of copper(II) from aqueous solution was investigated in laboratory condition. The sorption experiments were undertaken to obtain copper(II) biosorption properties of M.

[Ecological protection and sustainable utilization of Erhai Lake, Yunnan].

Economic development and increase of population pressure have caused a series of ecological environmental problems of Erhai Lake. These problems include: (1) Quickening of eutrophication process, (2) Decrease of water level and water resources, (3) Habitat deterioration of lakeside zone, and (4) Overfishing and slow depletion of aboriginal fish. Pollutant loading of Erhai Lake is as follows: COD(Cr) 3 008 t x a(-1), TP 137.

[Ecological restoration and reconstruction of degraded lakeside zone ecosystem].

As a kind of aquatic-terrestrial ecotone, lakeside zone plays an important role in the lake basin ecosystem, and has high ecological, social and economic values. Its functions include lake buffer, conservation of biological diversities and special habitats, dike protection from soil erosion, and economic and esthetics values. The main factors inducing lakeside zone degradation are the anthropogenic activities that caused the converse succession of communities and the decline of ecological function.

Environmental applications of organic mass spectrometry in China.

A review of more than 30 papers on the environmental applications of organic mass spectrometry in China in studies of environmental carcinogens, such as nitrosamines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and nitro-PAH, and trace organics in water, polychlorinated biphenyls, and reaction products and mechanism is presented.