The Association of Telangiectasias with Other Peripheral Vascular Lesions of Systemic Sclerosis.

Purpose: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a relatively rare collagenosis manifested as microvasculopathy, excessive cutaneous and visceral fibrosis in a background of autoimmune alteration. Autoimmune vasculopathy in SSc occurs early and begins with endothelial cell activation followed by blood vessel intimal proliferation in a context of defective angiogenesis. The alteration of peripheral micro and macrocirculation in SSc is evident through vascular lesions, such as Raynaud's phenomenon, telangiectasias, acrocyanosis, digital ulcers, gangrene, peripheral pulse deficiency.

Immunotherapy Combined with Radiation in Malignant Melanoma without BRAF Mutations Brain Metastases-Favorable Response after Immunotherapy Continued beyond Progression.

We present the case of a patient who was diagnosed in 2018 with nodular Malignant Melanoma (MM) without BRAF V 600 mutations stage 3 C (pT4b pN1a M0), and who underwent adjuvant citokines treatment with Interferon alpha 2b-48 weeks. Immunotherapy was initiated in January 2021 for lung and lymph node metastases. In June 2021, there was a partial response of the lung and lymph node metastases, but there was also progression to brain metastases.

The Complexity of Treatments and the Multidisciplinary Team-A Rare Case of Long-Term Progression-Free Survival in Prostate Cancer until Development of Liver and Brain Metastases.

Introduction: Prostate cancer has no initial clinical manifestation in the case of brain metastases since they are asymptomatic at first. This is why there is a high risk for clinicians to overlook these lesions, and they are often confused with other diseases. With all the improvements in diagnostic technological methods, which allow the early detection of lesions, and the progress in terms of systemic therapy associated with increased survival, an increase in incidence has also been noticed.

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Pregnancy-Between Sensitivity and Resistance to Antimycotics.

Vulvovaginitis with spp. is the most common infection in women and the rate is increased during pregnancy. Antifungal prescription in pregnant women continues to present challenges and the decision must balance the risk of fetal toxicity with the benefits to the fetus and mother.

The Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Long-Term Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Associated with the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH).

Introduction: The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is the most common cause of hyponatremia in cancer patients, occurring most frequently in patients with small cell lung cancer. However, this syndrome occurs extremely rarely in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The results of the clinical trials have revealed that immuno-oncological therapies are effective for long periods of time, providing hope for long survival and with a good quality of life.

The Benefits and Challenges of the Multimodal Treatment in Advanced/Metastatic Malignant Melanoma.

Currently, the treatment of malignant melanoma offers the longest and the most studied experience of innovative treatments in malignant pathology. The algorithm of the therapeutic decision in advanced or metastatic melanoma must comprise: the timing of the therapeutic initiation, the sequencing of the specific oncological treatment (radiotherapy and chemotherapy still being therapeutic alternatives in selected cases), the diagnosis and the management of adverse reactions. We present the case of a patient diagnosed with metastatic malignant melanoma in November 2019, who progressed successively under new systemic treatment throughout the 3 years of treatment and experienced skin reactions of various degrees of severity.

Principles of Treatment and Clinical-Evolutionary Peculiarities of Deep Cervical Spaces Suppurations-Clinical Study.

As medical-surgical emergencies, regardless of the causal agent, deep cervical space suppurations are not only a diagnostic challenge, but also a therapeutic one. In some cases, in spite of proper therapeutic measures, extremely severe complications can develop. A 5-year retrospective study (2016-2020) was conducted on a group of 107 patients suffering from cervical suppurations, being hospitalized and treated in the ENT Clinic of the "Sf.

New Antifibroblastic Medication in Dermatology: Could Nintedanib Treat Scarring?

There are a wide variety of disfiguring dermatological conditions whose pathologic substrate is represented by the unwanted deposition of collagen from dermal fibroblasts. Pirfenidone has demonstrated efficiency in the treatment of disordered collagen production when applied topically. Due to a similar mechanism of action, we also hypothesize that a similar medication, nintedanib, might have similar applications.

CREST Syndrome in Systemic Sclerosis Patients - Is Dystrophic Calcinosis a Key Element to a Positive Diagnosis?

Introduction: CREST syndrome is a clinical entity associated with systemic sclerosis, which meets at least three of the five clinical features: calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia. Three of these clinical features (Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly and esophageal dysmotility) are often present in classical subsets of SSc: limited and diffuse, and their presence in association does not define CREST syndrome. Calcinosis seems to be less common in SSc and its association with other clinical features is characteristic of CREST syndrome.

Hearing Loss Secondary to Systemic Sclerosis Vasculopathy: Case Study with a Short Review.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a collagenosis with a substrate of chronic inflammation, which is determined by autoimmunity. The pathogenesis of this disease involves microvasculopathy (small vessel pathology) followed by excessive cutaneous and visceral fibrosis. Although acoustic and vestibular impairment is not classified as being a secondary pathology of SSc, several studies have identified cases of SSc that associate hearing loss and especially vertigo and tinnitus.

The Influence of Living in Rural Areas on the Evolution and Management of Pediatric Ovarian Cystic Lesions: A Retrospective Study on a Cohort from South Eastern Romania.

Background: The incidence of ovarian cystic lesions (OCLs) in pediatric patients has been increasing in recent years. An early diagnosis is mandatory for a favourable prognosis but it depends on the primary medical care services and on the socioeconomic status of the patient. The present study aims at assessing the prevalence and the age-specific frequencies of pediatric OCLs, as well as identifying disparities between subjects in the urban and the rural areas, in order to explore the extent to which OCLs occurrence, diagnosis, evolution and treatment differ in the case of patients living in rural areas.

Clinical, Imaging, Histological and Surgical Aspects Regarding Giant Paraovarian Cysts: A Systematic Review.

Paraovarian cysts (POCs) develop within the broad ligament of the uterus. POCs are considered to be giant when the threshold of 150 mm is exceeded. Clinical signs and symptoms occur as a consequence of the pressure effect on adjacent organs or due to complications.

Paraclinical Aspects in Systemic Sclerosis.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an autoimmune substrate that affects the skin and a large number of internal organs. The chronic inflammatory process is sustained by a wide range of cytokines and chemokines, which are discharged by inflammatory cells, with fibrosis and nail bed vascular changes (disorganized vasculature architecture with microhemorrhages, megacapillaries and areas without capillaries). Confocal microscopy contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanism involved in chronic inflammation and mainly targets the field of research.

Benefits and adverse events of melatonin use in the elderly (Review).

Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in accordance with the circadian rhythm when the light level decreases. Reduction of melatonin secretion with age may be associated with physiological aging in neurodegenerative diseases by affecting the suprachiasmatic nucleus or of the neuronal pathways of transmission to the pineal gland. A significant decrease in melatonin synthesis has been reported in various disorders and diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders (particularly diabetes type 2), cancer and endocrine diseases.

Therapeutic challenges of psoriasis in the HIV-infected patient: A case report.

Psoriasis can be paradoxically associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, having a prevalence similar to the general population but with a more severe evolution. In the genetically predisposed patients with the CW0602 haplotype, HIV infection can be a triggering factor and a first sign of infection, and lesions can spontaneously remit with immune reconstruction after antiretroviral therapy. Our patient is a 34 year-old male with recent HIV infection, in spite of being for over 10 years the partner of an HIV-positive patient with whom the patient has two HIV-positive children.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A new synthesis of literature data (Review).

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial tumor, which develops most frequently from the lateral pharyngeal recess and holds some complex epidemiological characteristics. Its unusual race and geographic distribution suggests that not only the environmental factors are a contributing factor to the development of this rare cancer type, but also the genetic traits play an important role, along with nitrosamine-containing food consumption and Epstein-Barr virus infection. The signs and symptoms which a patient can present and suffer from are various and include nasal, otic, neurological as well as general ones; the way this tumor manifests being dependent on the stage of the tumor.

Orthopaedic manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1: A case report.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or von Recklinghausen disease is one of the most common autosomal dominant genetic diseases. It is characterized by 'café-au-lait' spots and multiple tumors starting from the central and peripheric nervous system. The diagnosis is determined on two out of seven criteria: i) A total of 6 or more light brown spots larger than 5 mm in diameter (pre-puberty) or 15 mm in diameter (post-puberty); ii) a total of 2 or more neurofibromas or one plexiform neurofibroma; iii) axillary or inguinal freckling; iv) optic glioma; v) a total of 2 or more Lisch nodules; vi) bone abnormalities: tibia pseudarthrosis or dysplasia of the sphenoid wing; and vii) a relative of first degree having an NF1 diagnosis.

Old and new therapeutic strategies in systemic sclerosis (Review).

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic inflammatory disease with autoimmune determinism having an incompletely known pathogenesis. Although not all links in the pathogenic chain are known, studies have shown that vasculopathy is the initial event and is followed by extensive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. New therapeutic strategies have been developed in recent years, thanks to innovative research which has increased understanding of the disease mechanisms.

Diagnostic and Management of Undescended Ovary - A Preoperative Dilemma: A Case-Based Systematic Review.

Undescended ovary (UO) is an uncommon congenital condition characterized by the presence of the adnexa above the common iliac vessels, with an estimated incidence of 0.3-2%. Because of its rarity, it is usually presented as a case report.

Basal cell carcinoma: Comprehensive clinical and histopathological aspects, novel imaging tools and therapeutic approaches (Review).

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, involving the skin. It is also part of keratinocyte carcinomas, alongside its squamous counterpart. It has low mortality and extremely low metastatic rates (although when present, it indicates a poor patient prognosis); it also has a high morbidity rate through local destruction and recurrence, particularly when perineural invasion is observed, clinically or histopathologically.

Cutaneous adverse reactions in a lung cancer patient treated with pembrolizumab: A case report.

Lung cancer is the main cause of oncological death in the US and worldwide, constituting a significant public health problem. The incidence of lung cancer is on the increase. In the present study, the diagnostic process was carried out and treatment options were considered to determine the therapeutic response of a patient diagnosed with lung cancer.