Injectable bioresponsive bone adhesive hydrogels inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome on demand to accelerate diabetic fracture healing.

Diabetes is associated with excessive inflammation, which negatively impacts the fracture healing process and delays bone repair. Previously, growing evidence indicated that activation of the nod-like receptor (NLR) family, such as nod-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome induces a vicious cycle of chronic low-grade inflammatory responses in diabetic fracture. Here, we describe the synthesis of a bone adhesive hydrogel that can be locally injected into the fracture site and releases a natural inhibitor of NLRP3 (rutin) in response to pathological cue reactive oxygen species activity (ROS).

Acoustic Exaggeration Enhances Speech Discrimination in Young Autistic Children.

Child-directed speech (CDS), which amplifies acoustic and social features of speech during interactions with young children, promotes typical phonetic and language development. In autism, both behavioral and brain data indicate reduced sensitivity to human speech, which predicts absent, decreased, or atypical benefits of exaggerated speech signals such as CDS. This study investigates the impact of exaggerated fundamental frequency (F0) and voice-onset time on the neural processing of speech sounds in 22 Chinese-speaking autistic children aged 2-7 years old with a history of speech delays, compared with 25 typically developing (TD) peers.

Some Human Anti-Glycan Antibodies Lack the Ability to Activate the Complement System.

Naturally occurring human antibodies against glycans recognize and quickly eliminate infectious bacteria, viruses and aberrantly glycosylated neoplastic malignant cells, and they often initiate processes that involve the complement system. Using a printed glycan array (PGA) containing 605 glycoligands (oligo- and polysaccharides, glycopeptides), we examined which of the glycan-binding antibodies are able to activate the complement system. Using this PGA, the specificities of antibodies of the IgM and IgG classes were determined in the blood serum of healthy donors (suggested as mostly natural), and, then, using the same array, it was determined which types of the bound immunoglobulins were also showing C3 deposition.

Engraftment of self-renewing endometrial epithelial organoids promotes endometrial regeneration by differentiating into functional glands in rats.

Introduction: Extensive trauma frequently disrupts endometrial regeneration by diminishing endometrial stem cells/progenitor cells, affecting female fertility. While bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has been suggested as an approach to address endometrial injury, it comes with certain limitations. Recent advancements in endometrial epithelial organoids (EEOs) have displayed encouraging potential for endometrial regeneration.

Orchestrated desaturation reprogramming from stearoyl-CoA desaturase to fatty acid desaturase 2 in cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis.

Background: Adaptative desaturation in fatty acid (FA) is an emerging hallmark of cancer metabolic plasticity. Desaturases such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) have been implicated in multiple cancers, and their dominant and compensatory effects have recently been highlighted. However, how tumors initiate and sustain their self-sufficient FA desaturation to maintain phenotypic transition remains elusive.

Identification of a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 Binding Peptide TMVP1 for Enhancing Drug Delivery Efficiency and Therapeutic Efficacy Against Tumor Lymphangiogenesis.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) plays an indispensable role in lymphangiogenesis. Previous findings suggest that blocking the VEGFR-3 signaling pathway can inhibit lymph node metastasis effectively, thus reducing the incidence of distant metastasis. The development of new VEGFR-3-targeting drugs for early detection and effective treatments is, therefore, urgently required.

DHA Improves neurodevelopmental abnormalities in offspring of gestational diabetes mellitus patients via the PPAR-γ/FATP4 pathway.

Offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) face an increased risk of long-term neurodevelopmental abnormalities. This study explores the altered expression of key placental fatty acid transport proteins-FATP2, FATP4, FATP6, FABP4, and FAT/CD36-in GDM patients, and the potential of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to mitigate neurodevelopmental risks in offspring by enhancing their expression through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ). Our findings demonstrate that placental FATP4 expression is reduced in GDM patients.

Integrative multi-omic analysis reveals potential biomarkers in the cervicovaginal fluid of patients with placenta accrete spectrum.

Objective: This study aimed to detect the proteins and metabolites in the cervicovaginal fluid to observe their relationship with the occurrence of placenta accreta spectrum and the potential biomarkers with predictive value.

Methods: Cervicovaginal fluid samples were collected before delivery from 6 participants of PAS and 6 controls subjects with similar gestational ages. The severity of PAS was evaluated by ultrasound and MRI scoring system and confirmed by the intraoperative findings or pathological examination.

[Characteristics of postmortem changes in the brain].

The study aimed to analyze the literature data on postmortem changes in the brain and their use to determine the time since death. The earliest manifestations of brain cell autolysis are detected by electron microscopy (15-20 minutes after death). The longer the postmortem period, the more morphofunctional changes in the brain are revealed by histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical studies.

Bile acids in follicular fluid: potential new therapeutic targets and predictive markers for women with diminished ovarian reserve.

Objective: To investigate the changes in bile acid (BA) metabolites within the follicular fluid (FF) of patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and to identify novel diagnostic markers that could facilitate early detection and intervention in DOR patients.

Design: A total of 182 patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) were enrolled and categorized into the normal ovarian reserve (NOR) group (n = 91) or the DOR group (n = 91) to measure BA levels in FF. To identify the changes in granulosa cells (GCs), we collected GCs from an additional 7 groups of patients for transcriptome sequencing.

Differences in physiological indicators between twin and singleton pregnancy.

Objective: It has been widely reported that there are physiological differences between twin and singleton pregnancies, as evidenced by physiological indicators examined during prenatal period. However, not all physiological indicators have been evaluated. Physiological indicators of twin pregnancies still refer to the standards of single pregnancies and lack precise variation intervals.

Independent factors associated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes in patients with complete azoospermia factor c microdeletions.

Study Question: Which independent factors influence ICSI outcomes in patients with complete azoospermia factor c (AZFc) microdeletions?

Summary Answer: In patients with complete AZFc microdeletions, the sperm source, male LH, the type of infertility in women, and maternal age are the independent factors associated with ICSI outcomes.

What Is Known Already: AZF microdeletions are the second most prevalent factor contributing to infertility in men, with AZFc microdeletions being the most frequently affected locus, accounting for 60-70% of all cases. The primary clinical phenotypes are oligoasthenozoospermia and azoospermia in patients with complete AZFc microdeletions.

Pathway analysis of the impact of family function and self-efficacy on depression and anxiety in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.

Background: Patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) experience significant psychological distress due to infertility, with depression and anxiety being the most common manifestations. This study investigates the influence of family support and self-efficacy on the mental health of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). The aim is to assess the direct and indirect effects of family function and self-efficacy on depression and anxiety in IVF-ET patients through pathway analyses, thereby providing novel insights for improving patients' psychological well-being.

Association between alkali and alkaline earth elements in chorionic villus and risk for spontaneous abortion.

Exposure to specific alkali and alkaline earth elements(AEs/AEEs) has been reported that are linked to an increased risk of spontaneous abortion. However, the direct evidence of exposure in the uterus are absent. Therefore, we collected chorionic villi after spontaneous abortion or induced abortion in Peking University Third Hospital.

[NDRG1 protein expression in breast cancer samples, relationship with lymph nodes metastasis].

Objective: To study the features of protein expression of gene in primary breast cancer (BC) and to identify its relationship with regional metastasis.

Material And Methods: The study included 358 cases of primary BC stages I-III without neoadjuvant chemotherapy with an assessment of a number of clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical parameters of the tumor, including NDRG1 protein expression status and its expression level.

Results: In two study groups with and without metastatic lymph node involvement, a statistically significant relationship was found between NDRG1 expression and histological type of BC, tumor grade, estrogen receptors expression, progesterone receptors expression, HER2 status and index Ki-67 (tumor cell proliferative activity).

Heterogeneous Group of Genetically Determined Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders.

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is often missed by standard hearing tests, accounting for up to 10% of hearing impairments (HI) and commonly linked to variants in 23 genes. We assessed 122 children with HI, including 102 with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 20 with ANSD. SNHL patients were genotyped for common variants using qPCR, while ANSD patients underwent whole exome sequencing, with variants analyzed across 249 genes.

OVsignGenes: A Gene Expression-Based Neural Network Model Estimated Molecular Subtype of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma.

Background/objectives: High-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) are highly heterogeneous tumors, both among patients and within a single tumor. Differences in molecular mechanisms significantly describe this heterogeneity. Four molecular subtypes have been previously described by the Cancer Genome Atlas Consortium: differentiated, immunoreactive, mesenchymal, and proliferative.

Secondary cytoreductive surgery in platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of secondary cytoreduction in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer.

Methods: The PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare secondary cytoreduction plus chemotherapy with chemotherapy alone in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer were selected.

Gut microbiota-mediated gut-liver axis: a breakthrough point for understanding and treating liver cancer.

The trillions of commensal microorganisms living in the gut lumen profoundly influence the physiology and pathophysiology of the liver though a unique gut-liver axis. Disruptions in the gut microbial communities, arising from environmental and genetic factors, can lead to altered microbial metabolism, impaired intestinal barrier and translocation of microbial components to the liver. These alterations collaboratively contribute to the pathogenesis of liver disease, and their continuous impact throughout the disease course plays a critical role in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Fine particulate matter and ovarian health: A review of emerging risks.

Fine particulate matter (PM) pollution has raised significant public concerns, especially for vulnerable populations. Studies have indicated the association between PM and ovarian disorders, although the mechanisms underlying the effects have not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, we elucidated three main conditions pertaining to ovarian function that may result from exposure to PM diminished ovarian reserve, polycystic ovary syndrome, and infertility.