HIF1α Plays a Crucial Role in the Development of TFE3-Rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma by Orchestrating a Metabolic Shift Toward Fatty Acid Synthesis.

Tumor development often requires cellular adaptation to a unique, high metabolic state; however, the molecular mechanisms that drive such metabolic changes in TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma (TFE3-RCC) remain poorly understood. TFE3-RCC, a rare subtype of RCC, is defined by the formation of chimeric proteins involving the transcription factor TFE3. In this study, we analyzed cell lines and genetically engineered mice, demonstrating that the expression of the chimeric protein PRCC-TFE3 induced a hypoxia-related signature by transcriptionally upregulating HIF1α and HIF2α.

Research team diversity impacts scientific output in allergy and immunology programs.

Background: This study examined the relationship between the disciplinary diversity of research teams and research output (RO) in allergy and immunology programs funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States, Medical Research Council (MRC) in the United Kingdom, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).

Methods: Using a dataset containing 1243, 3645, and 1468 articles funded by the NIH, MRC, and JSPS, respectively, we analyzed the correlation between disciplinary diversity and RO in allergy and immunology programs that received grants from 2017 to 2021. Diversity was measured using All Science Journal Classification codes counts, Shannon-Wiener index, and newly developed Omnidisciplinary index (o-index).

Blood DNA virome associates with autoimmune diseases and COVID-19.

Aberrant immune responses to viral pathogens contribute to pathogenesis, but our understanding of pathological immune responses caused by viruses within the human virome, especially at a population scale, remains limited. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing datasets of 6,321 Japanese individuals, including patients with autoimmune diseases (psoriasis vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) or multiple sclerosis) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or healthy controls. We systematically quantified two constituents of the blood DNA virome, endogenous HHV-6 (eHHV-6) and anellovirus.

Impact of frailty and prevalent fractures on the long-term prognosis of patients with cirrhosis: a retrospective study.

Frailty and fractures are closely associated with adverse clinical outcomes. This retrospective study investigated the prognostic impact of frailty, prevalent fractures, and the coexistence of both in patients with cirrhosis. Frailty was defined according to the Fried frailty phenotype criteria: weight loss, weakness, exhaustion, slowness, and low physical activity.

Deficiency Enhances Tumor Progression via ERBB3 Signaling in -Rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma.

-rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma (TFE3-RCC) is an aggressive subtype of RCC characterized by Xp11.2 rearrangement, leading to TFE3 fusion proteins with oncogenic potential. Despite advances in understanding its molecular biology, effective therapies for advanced cases remain elusive.

A genome-wide meta-analysis reveals shared and population-specific variants for allergic sensitization.

Background: Allergic diseases are major causes of morbidity in both developed and developing countries and represent a global burden on health care systems. Allergic sensitization is defined as the production of IgE specific to common environmental allergens and is an important indicator in the assessment of allergic diseases.

Objective: We sought to clarify the genetic basis of allergic sensitization.

Sex differences in the functional morphology of coronary arteries in embryonic mice.

Sex differences in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease manifest across multiple life stages. These differences are associated with variations in cardiovascular morphology and function between the sexes. Although estrogens and sex hormones are associated with sex differences in cardiovascular diseases in reproductive adults, the molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular sex differences during development are largely unknown.

The impact of COVID-19 on hay fever treatment in Japan: A retrospective cohort study based on the Japanese claims database.

Background: Hay fever (HF) presents with various symptoms, including allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis, and requires cross-organ treatment. This study assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on HF treatment trends.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the JMDC database collected between January 2018 and May 2021.

Radiomics-based machine learning model to phenotype hip involvement in ankylosing spondylitis: a pilot study.

Objectives: Hip involvement is an important reason of disability in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Unveiling the potential phenotype of hip involvement in AS remains an unmet need to understand its biological mechanisms and improve clinical decision-making. Radiomics, a promising quantitative image analysis method that had been successfully used to describe the phenotype of a wide variety of diseases, while it was less reported in AS.

[STATE-OF-THE-ART OF GLOBAL START-UP INVESTMENT FOR ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2022].

Background: In 2022, the "New Capitalism Grand Design and Implementation Plan" was adopted in Japan, emphasizing the promotion and environmental development of startups. Given this context, an investigation into the startup and investment landscape in the allergy sector, both domestically and internationally, becomes imperative.

Methods: We analyzed 156 allergy-related startups from Japan, the US, and Europe from 2010 to 2021.

Kinetics of the hepatitis B core-related antigen and treatment responses in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with tenofovir alafenamide.

Aim: An association between hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) kinetics and hepatocarcinogenesis during nucleoside (t)id analog (NA) treatment has recently been reported. HBcrAg kinetics and factors associated with HBcrAg response during tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) administration remain unclear. In this multicenter retrospective study, we aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of TAF in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B, focusing on the reduction in HBcrAg levels.

The regional disparities in liver disease comorbidity among elderly Chinese based on a health ecological model: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for liver disease comorbidity among older adults in eastern, central, and western China, and explored binary, ternary and quaternary co-morbid co-causal patterns of liver disease within a health ecological model.

Method: Basic information from 9,763 older adults was analyzed using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). LASSO regression was employed to identify significant predictors in eastern, central, and western China.

Impact of pemafibrate in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease complicated by dyslipidemia: A single-arm prospective study.

Background And Aim: This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of 48-week pemafibrate treatment in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) complicated by dyslipidemia.

Methods: A total of 110 patients diagnosed with MASLD complicated by dyslipidemia received pemafibrate at a dose of 0.1 mg twice daily for 48 weeks.

Low vitamin D levels accelerates muscle mass loss in patients with chronic liver disease.

Sarcopenia frequently and progressively occurs in patients with chronic liver disease. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between vitamin D levels and muscle mass loss. A total of 166 patients with chronic liver disease were enrolled in this study.

The primary ciliary dyskinesia-related genetic risk score is associated with susceptibility to adult-onset asthma.

Background: Disturbance of mucociliary clearance is an important factor in the pathogenesis of asthma. We hypothesized that common variants in genes responsible for ciliary function may contribute to the development of asthma with certain phenotypes.

Methods: Three independent adult Japanese populations (including a total of 1,158 patients with asthma and 2,203 non-asthmatic healthy participants) were studied.

Association of chronic liver disease with bone diseases and muscle weakness.

The liver is a vital organ involved in nutrient metabolism, hormone regulation, immunity, cytokine production, and gut homeostasis. Impairment in liver function can result in malnutrition, chronic inflammation, decreased anabolic hormone levels, and dysbiosis. These conditions eventually cause an imbalance in osteoblast and osteoclast activities, resulting in bone loss.

A versatile method to profile hepatitis B virus DNA integration.

Background: HBV DNA integration into the host genome is frequently found in HBV-associated HCC tissues and is associated with hepatocarcinogenesis. Multiple detection methods, including hybrid capture-sequencing, have identified integration sites and provided clinical implications; however, each has advantages and disadvantages concerning sensitivity, cost, and throughput. Therefore, methods that can comprehensively and cost-effectively detect integration sites with high sensitivity are required.

Catenulopyrizomicins, new anti-Hepatitis B virus compounds, from the rare actinomycete Catenuloplanes sp. MM782L-181F7.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes chronic hepatitis in humans, and current antiviral therapies rarely treat viral infections. To improve the treatment efficacy, novel therapeutic agents, especially those with different mechanisms of action, need to be developed for use in combination with the current antivirals. Here, we isolated new anti-HBV compounds, named catenulopyrizomicins A-C, from the fermentation broth of rare actinomycete Catenuloplanes sp.