[Digital health applications (DiGA) in the area of tension between progress and criticism : Discussion paper from the "Digital health" specialist group of the German Informatics Society].

Since December 2019, digital health applications (DiGA) have been included in standard care in Germany and are therefore reimbursed by the statutory health insurance funds to support patients in the treatment of diseases or impairments. There are 48 registered DiGA listed in the directory of the Federal Institute of Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), mainly in the areas of mental health; hormones and metabolism; and muscles, bones, and joints. In this article, the "Digital Health" specialist group of the German Informatics Society describes the current developments around DiGA as well as the current sentiment on topics such as user-centricity, patient and practitioner acceptance, and innovation potential.

Tooth caries classification with quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) images using convolutional neural network for permanent teeth in vivo.

Background: Owing to the remarkable advancements of artificial intelligence (AI) applications, AI-based detection of dental caries is continuously improving. We evaluated the efficacy of the detection of dental caries with quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) images using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model.

Methods: Overall, 2814 QLF intraoral images were obtained from 606 participants at a dental clinic using Qraypen C® (QC, AIOBIO, Seoul, Republic of Korea) from October 2020 to October 2022.

Uteroplacental insufficiency decreases leptin expression and impairs lung development in growth-restricted newborn rats.

Background: The study aimed to analyze the effect of uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) on leptin expression and lung development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) rats.

Methods: On day 17 of pregnancy, time-dated Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into either an IUGR group or a control group. Uteroplacental insufficiency surgery (IUGR) and sham surgery (control) were conducted.

Existential threat and responses to emotional displays of ingroup and outgroup members.

The present research investigates how emotional displays shape reactions to ingroup and outgroup members when people are reminded of death. We hypothesized that under mortality salience, emotions that signal social distance promote worldview defense (i.e.

Mathematical modeling and application of IL-1β/TNF signaling pathway in regulating chondrocyte apoptosis.

Mathematical model can be used to model complex biological processes, and have shown potential in describing apoptosis in chondrocytes. In order to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of TNF signaling pathway in regulating chondrocyte apoptosis, a fractional-order differential equation model is proposed to describe the dynamic behavior and mutual interaction of apoptosis-related genes under the activation of TNF signaling pathway. Compared with the traditional molecular biology techniques, the proposed mathematical modeling has advantages to providing a more comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of TNF signaling pathway in chondrocyte apoptosis.

Predicting Natural Rubber Crystallinity by a Novel Machine Learning Algorithm Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation Data.

Natural rubber (NR) with excellent mechanical properties, mainly attributed to its strain-induced crystallization (SIC), has garnered significant scientific and technological interest. With the aid of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we can investigate the impacts of crucial structural elements on SIC on the molecular scale. Nonetheless, the computational complexity and time-consuming nature of this high-precision method constrain its widespread application.

The Combined Middle and Inferior Antrostomy for Fungal Maxillary Sinusitis Treatment.

Unlabelled: Aims: The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the combined middle and inferior meatal antrostomy (MIMA) in management of patients with maxillary fungal sinusitis. Material and Methods: Design: retrospective cross sectional study. Setting and subjects: From September 2018 to March 2021, fifty-five patients with non-invasive maxillary fungal sinusitis, who underwent transnasal endoscopic combined MIMA.

Social processing modulates the initial allocation of attention towards angry faces: evidence from the N2pc component.

Previous research has shown that attentional bias towards angry faces is moderated by the activation of a social processing mode. More specifically, reliable cueing effects for angry face cues in the dot-probe task only occurred when participants performed a task that required social processing of the target stimuli. However, cueing effects are a rather distal measure of covert shifts in spatial attention.

Targeting signalling pathways as new therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent chronic joint disease and the leading cause of disability. Currently, no drugs are available to control joint damage or ease the associated pain. The () signalling pathway is vital in OA progression.

Inhibitor screening for volume-sensitive LRRC8A chloride channel.

Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 8 A (LRRC8A) protein is a critical member of volume-regulated anion channels. It plays a critical roles in the regulation of cellular volume and involves in the development of diseases like osteoarthritis. Screening of lead compounds to modulate its function may provide potential therapeutics of related diseases.

Optimizing Hyperparameter Tuning in Machine Learning to Improve the Predictive Performance of Cross-Species N6-Methyladenosine Sites.

DNA -methyladenosine (6 mA) modification carries significant epigenetic information and plays a pivotal role in biological functions, thereby profoundly impacting human development. Precise and reliable detection of 6 mA sites is integral to understanding the mechanisms underpinning DNA modification. The present methods, primarily experimental, used to identify specific molecular sites are often time-intensive and costly.

An Innovative Solution Based on TSCA-ViT for Osteosarcoma Diagnosis in Resource-Limited Settings.

Identifying and managing osteosarcoma pose significant challenges, especially in resource-constrained developing nations. Advanced diagnostic methods involve isolating the nucleus from cancer cells for comprehensive analysis. However, two main challenges persist: mitigating image noise during the capture and transmission of cellular sections, and providing an efficient, accurate, and cost-effective solution for cell nucleus segmentation.

Smart greenhouse construction and irrigation control system for optimal Brassica Juncea development.

This paper contributes to smart greenhouses and IoT (Internet of Things) research. Our pioneering achievement centers on successfully designing, constructing, and testing a 30m2 smart greenhouse, explicitly focusing on the cultivation and development of Brassica Juncea, a mustard variety commonly grown in Vietnam. The construction phase entailed the meticulous integration of diverse IoT technologies and systems, culminating in the creation of a finely tuned environment to meet the unique needs of Brassica Juncea cultivation.

Artificial intelligence in time-lapse system: advances, applications, and future perspectives in reproductive medicine.

With the rising demand for in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, there is a growing need for innovative techniques to optimize procedure outcomes. One such technique is time-lapse system (TLS) for embryo incubation, which minimizes environmental changes in the embryo culture process. TLS also significantly advances predicting embryo quality, a crucial determinant of IVF cycle success.

Analysis of genetic biomarkers, polymorphisms in ADME-related genes and their impact on pharmacotherapy for prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a non-cutaneous malignancy in males with wide variation in incidence rates across the globe. It is the second most reported cause of cancer death. Its etiology may have been linked to genetic polymorphisms, which are not only dominating cause of malignancy casualties but also exerts significant effects on pharmacotherapy outcomes.

Liver abscess caused by the ingested foreign body without sign of gastrointestinal perforation: A case report.

The ingested foreign body is a very unusual etiology of liver abscess. This clinical scenario is infrequently reported in the literature. A 66-year-old male patient presented to the hospital because of abdominal pain along with 7 days of right upper quadrant pain and intermittent low-grade fever.

A real-time deep learning-based system for colorectal polyp size estimation by white-light endoscopy: development and multicenter prospective validation.

Background: The choice of polypectomy device and surveillance intervals for colorectal polyps are primarily decided by polyp size. We developed a deep learning-based system (ENDOANGEL-CPS) to estimate colorectal polyp size in real time.

Methods: ENDOANGEL-CPS calculates polyp size by estimating the distance from the endoscope lens to the polyp using the parameters of the lens.

Generation climate crisis, COVID-19, and Russia-Ukraine-War: global crises and mental health in adolescents.

Climate change, COVID-19, and the Russia-Ukraine War are some of the great challenges of our time. These global crises affect young people in a particularly vulnerable phase of their lives. The current study aimed to assess the impact of these crises on mental health (depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life) in secondary school students in Germany.

The Effects of Aberrant Responding on Model-Fit Assuming Different Underlying Response Processes.

Aberrant responding on tests and surveys has been shown to affect the psychometric properties of scales and the statistical analyses from the use of those scales in cumulative model contexts. This study extends prior research by comparing the effects of four types of aberrant responding on model fit in both cumulative and ideal point model contexts using graded partial credit (GPCM) and generalized graded unfolding (GGUM) models. When fitting models to data, model misfit can be both a function of misspecification and aberrant responding.

Pharmacological Activities and Safety of Ganoderma lucidum Spores: A Systematic Review.

is traditionally used to prevent and treat some diseases such as liver disorders, hypertension, insomnia, diabetes, and cancer. spore extracts are also reported to share similar bioactivities as extracts from its other parts. However, there is no systematic review that elucidates its pharmacological effect.

Mitigating errors in mobile-based dietary assessments: Effects of a data modification process on the validity of an image-assisted food and nutrition app.

Objective: Mobile nutrition applications (apps) provide a simple way for individuals to record their diet, but the validity and inherent errors need to be carefully evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and clarify the sources of measurement errors of image-assisted mobile nutrition apps.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 98 students recruited from School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University.

Computer simulation of scavenging by hominins and giant hyenas in the late Early Pleistocene.

Consumption of animal-sourced food is an important factor in broadening the diet of early hominins, promoting brain and body growth, and increasing behavioural complexity. However, whether early hominins obtained animal food by scavenging or hunting large mammals remains debated. Sabre-toothed felids have been proposed to facilitate the expansion of early Homo out of Africa into Europe 1.

Development and Evaluation of a Surveillance System for Follow-Up After Colorectal Polypectomy.

Importance: The adherence of physicians and patients to published colorectal postpolypectomy surveillance guidelines varies greatly, and patient follow-up is critical but time consuming.

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of an automatic surveillance (AS) system in identifying patients after polypectomy, assigning surveillance intervals for different risks of patients, and proactively following up with patients on time.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this diagnostic/prognostic study, endoscopic and pathological reports of 47 544 patients undergoing colonoscopy at 3 hospitals between January 1, 2017, and June 30, 2022, were collected to develop an AS system based on natural language processing.

Concordance of a decision algorithm and multidisciplinary team meetings for patients with liver cancer-a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Multidisciplinary team meetings (MDMs), also known as tumor conferences, are a cornerstone of cancer treatments. However, barriers such as incomplete patient information or logistical challenges can postpone tumor board decisions and delay patient treatment, potentially affecting clinical outcomes. Therapeutic Assistance and Decision algorithms for hepatobiliary tumor Boards (ADBoard) aims to reduce this delay by providing automated data extraction and high-quality, evidence-based treatment recommendations.