13 results match your criteria: "Research Center Health Policy and Systems - International Health[Affiliation]"
PLoS One
March 2020
Action Against Hunger, Paris, France.
Objectives: This study aims to describe the mortality risk of children in the community who had severe acute malnutrition (SAM) defined by either a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) <115mm, a low weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) <-3 or both criteria.
Methods: We pooled individual-level data from children aged 6-59 months enrolled in 3 community-based studies in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Senegal and Nepal. We estimate the mortality hazard using Cox proportional hazard models in groups defined by either anthropometric indicator.
Nutr J
September 2018
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Background: According to WHO childhood severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is diagnosed when the weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) is <-3Z of the WHO standards, the mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) is < 115 mm, there is nutritional oedema or any combination of these parameters. Recently there has been a move to eliminate WHZ as a diagnostic criterion on the assertion that children meeting the WHZ criterion are healthy, that MUAC is universally a superior prognostic indicator of mortality and that adding WHZ to the assessment does not improve the prediction; these assertions have lead to a controversy concerning the role of WHZ in the diagnosis of SAM.
Methods: We examined the mortality experience of 76,887 6-60 month old severely malnourished children admitted for treatment to in-patient, out-patient or supplementary feeding facilities in 18 African countries, of whom 3588 died.
Nutr J
September 2018
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is diagnosed when the weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) is <-3Z of the WHO standards, or a mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) of < 115 mm or there is nutritional oedema. Although there has been a move to eliminate WHZ as a diagnostic criterion we have shown that children with a low WHZ have at least as high a mortality risk as those with a low MUAC. Here we take the estimated case fatality rates and published case-loads to estimate the proportion of total SAM related deaths occurring in children that would be excluded from treatment with a MUAC-only policy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutr J
September 2018
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Background: The WHO recommended criteria for diagnosis of sever acute malnutrition (SAM) are weight-for-height/length Z-score (WHZ) of <- 3Z of the WHO standards, a mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) of < 115 mm, nutritional oedema or any combination of these parameters. A move to eliminate WHZ as a diagnostic criterion has been made on the assertion that children with a low WHZ are healthy, that MUAC is a "superior" prognostic indicator of mortality and that adding WHZ to the assessment does not improve the prediction of death. Our objective was to examine the literature comparing the risk of death of SAM children admitted by WHZ or MUAC criteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
January 2018
Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research, School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
Background: Newborn hearing screening programs aim to lower the ages at audiological intervention among hearing-impaired children. In Wallonia and Brussels (Belgium), audiological intervention data are not collected in the screening program, and the ages at initiating audiological care have never been assessed. This study aimed to assess the evolution in the ages at initiating audiological intervention in the context of a newborn hearing screening program implementation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
July 2017
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Background: It is often thought that random measurement error has a minor effect upon the results of an epidemiological survey. Theoretically, errors of measurement should always increase the spread of a distribution. Defining an illness by having a measurement outside an established healthy range will lead to an inflated prevalence of that condition if there are measurement errors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Public Health
June 2016
1 School of Public Health, Research Center Health Policy and Systems - International Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussel, Belgium 2 School of Public Health, Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium 3 Centre d'Epidémiologie Périnatale (CEpiP), Brussels, Belgium.
Background: Implementation of newborn hearing screening programmes is widely recommended and programme organisational designs may differ in practice. The objective of this article was to establish an overview of the newborn hearing screening programmes in the 28 countries of the European Union on four topics (policy-decision, financing, general designs, organisational features).
Methods: National or regional programme coordinators completed an online self-administered questionnaire focusing on protocol description and programme organisation.
BMC Pediatr
October 2015
Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), School of Public Health, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium.
Background: Understanding the risk factors for hearing loss is essential for designing the Belgian newborn hearing screening programme. Accordingly, they needed to be updated in accordance with current scientific knowledge. This study aimed to update the recommendations for the clinical management and follow-up of newborns with neonatal risk factors of hearing loss for the newborn screening programme in Belgium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Public Health
November 2015
Université Libre de Bruxelles, School of Public Health, Research Centre in Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research, Brussels, Belgium.
This study aimed to estimate the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures faced by households in Kinshasa with children affected by severe malaria. A total of 1350 children below the age of 15 year who were hospitalized due to severe malaria were included in the study. We analyzed the incidence of households facing catastrophic expenditures according to two thresholds: 40% of the household's capacity to pay and 10% of the household's total consumption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
September 2014
Université libre de Bruxelles, School of Public Health, Research Center Health Policy and Systems - International Health, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels 1070, Belgium; Centre d'Epidémiologie Périnatale (CEpiP), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels 1070, Belgium; Université libre de Bruxelles, School of Public Health, Research Center Epidemiology, Biostatistic and Clinical Research, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels 1070, Belgium. Electronic address:
Objective: To present the outcomes of the newborn hearing screening program in Belgium (French-speaking area) since its implementation and to analyze its evolution between 2007 and 2012 in the neonatal population without reported risk factors for hearing loss.
Methods: The study was descriptive and based on a retrospective analysis of six annual databases (2007-2012) from the newborn hearing screening program. The main outcomes were identified: prevalence of reported hearing impairment; coverage rates (first and second test, follow-up); proportions of conclusive screening tests; referral rate.
Health Res Policy Syst
July 2014
Université libre de Bruxelles, School of Public Health, Research Center Health Policy and Systems - International Health, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
Background: The Kingdon model, based on the convergence of three streams (problem, policy, and politics) and the opening of a policy window, analyses the process by which a health issue is placed on the political agenda. We used this model to document the political agenda-setting process of the newborn hearing screening programme in Belgium.
Methods: A qualitative study based on a document review and on semi-directed interviews was carried out.
B-ENT
January 2014
Centre d'Epidémiologie Périnatale (CEpiP), Brussels, Belgium.
Objective: A universal newborn hearing screening programme based on the voluntary participation of maternity hospitals has been implemented in the Wallonia-Brussels Federation since November 2006. This paper presents the results of this programme and its evolution since its implementation (2007-2011).
Method: Two-step screening by automated otoacoustic emissions is performed on newborns without risk factors for hearing loss and, if abnormal responses or risk factor(s) are found, auditory brainstem response audiometry is performed.
PLoS One
September 2013
School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Research Center Health Policy and Systems - International Health, Brussels, Belgium.
Background: Paying for health care may exclude poor people. Burkina Faso adopted the DOTS strategy implementing "free care" for Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment. This should increase universal health coverage and help to overcome social and economic barriers to health access.
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