Regulatory roles of eugenol in paraquat-altered SNCA/LZTS3/MAPT in the cerebellum of Wistar rats.

Background: The Microtubules-associated protein tau (MAPT), alpha-synuclein (SNCA), and leucine zipper tumor suppressor 3 (LZTS3) genes are implicated in neurodegeneration and tumor suppression, respectively. This study investigated the regulatory roles of eugenol on paraquat-altered genes.

Results: Forty male Wistar rats divided into five groups of eight rats were used.

Construction and characterization of chimeric FcγR T cells for universal T cell therapy.

Background: Several approaches are being explored for engineering off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. In this study, we engineered chimeric Fcγ receptor (FcγR) T cells and tested their potential as a versatile platform for universal T cell therapy.

Methods: Chimeric FcγR (CFR) constructs were generated using three distinct forms of FcγR, namely CD16A, CD32A, and CD64.

Exome sequencing reveals a rare damaging variant in GRIN2C in familial late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to its pathogenesis. While early-onset AD has well-established genetic determinants, the genetic basis for late-onset AD remains less clear. This study investigates a large Italian family with late-onset autosomal dominant AD, identifying a novel rare missense variant in GRIN2C gene associated with the disease, and evaluates the functional impact of this variant.

Psychological impact and coping mechanisms among sudanese medical students: a study on anxiety, depression, behavioral, and cognitive changes post COVID-19 lockdown and ongoing conflict.

Introduction: Mental health is crucial for overcoming obstacles, completing tasks, and contributing to society. Mental, social, and cognitive healths are included. In demanding fields like medicine, academic pressure can cause exhaustion, poor performance, and behavioral changes.

Risk factors of recurrent periprosthetic joint infection of the knee after two-stage reimplantation.

Introduction: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most common and detrimental complications of total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKA). Despite extensive efforts, including two-stage reimplantation, to eradicate PJI, it still recurs in a substantial number of patients. However, the risk factors of recurrence after two-stage reimplantation of the knee have not been established.

The power of emotion regulation: how managing sadness influences depression and anxiety?

Background: Emotions are a fundamental part of life and play a critical role in shaping individuals' experiences Effectively regulating emotions in socially appropriate ways is essential for navigating life successfully. This study investigated the impact of seven sadness regulation strategies on depression and anxiety and examined the mediating role of ER in the relationship between sadness regulation and depression and anxiety.

Method: A cross-sectional design was employed with 350 participants (144 men, 206 women) aged 18 to 35.

In vivo brain delivery of BBB-enabled iduronate 2-sulfatase in rats.

Background: Iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) deficiency (MPS II; Hunter syndrome) is a disorder that exhibits peripheral and CNS pathology. The blood brain barrier (BBB) prevents systemic enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) from alleviating CNS pathology. We aimed to enable brain delivery of systemic ERT by using molecular BBB-Trojans targeting endothelial transcytosis receptors.

HKA angle exceeding 5 degrees is strongly associated with lateral patellar translation beyond 2 mm: surgical recommendations for avoiding adverse effects on the patellofemoral joint after OWHTO.

Purpose: Previous studies reported that anterior knee pain (AKP) occurs with an incidence of 32% after opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). However, the biomechanical effects of this procedure on patellofemoral joints (PFJs) remain unclear. We aimed to quantify the changes in the kinematics and cartilage conditions of the PFJ during stair climbing before and after OWHTO.

When is synthetic sufficient? Ethical considerations and alternatives in simulation-based ultrasound education.

Simulation-based education (SBE) has become an integral part of training in health professions education, offering a safe environment for learners to acquire and refine clinical skills. As a non-ionising imaging modality, ultrasound is a domain of health professions education that is particularly supported by SBE. Central to many simulation programs is the use of animal models, tissues, or body parts to replicate human anatomy and physiology.

The SIRT5-JIP4 interaction promotes osteoclastogenesis by modulating RANKL-induced signaling transduction.

Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) initiates a complex signaling cascade that is crucial for inducing osteoclast differentiation and activation. RANKL-induced signaling has been analyzed in detail, and the involvement of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK), NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and molecules that contain an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) has been reported. However, the precise molecular steps that regulate RANKL signaling remain largely unknown.

Protein palmitoylation is involved in regulating mouse sperm motility via the signals of calcium, protein tyrosine phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species.

Background: Protein palmitoylation, a critical posttranslational modification, plays an indispensable role in various cellular processes, including the regulation of protein stability, mediation of membrane fusion, facilitation of intracellular protein trafficking, and participation in cellular signaling pathways. It is also implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders, inflammation, metabolic disorders, infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, its regulatory effects on sperm physiology, particularly motility, remain unclear.

Targeting of the G9a, DNMT1 and UHRF1 epigenetic complex as an effective strategy against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. The critical role of epigenetic alterations such as changes in DNA methylation, histones modifications, and chromatin remodeling, in pancreatic tumors progression is becoming increasingly recognized. Moreover, in PDAC these aberrant epigenetic mechanisms can also limit therapy efficacy.

Impact of driver licensing renewal policies on older driver crash involvement and injury rates in 13 states, 2000-2019.

Background: Motor vehicle crashes are the second leading cause of injury death among adults aged 65 and older in the U.S., second only to falls.

How Delphi studies in the health sciences find consensus: a scoping review.

Background: Delphi studies are primarily used in the health sciences to find consensus. They inform clinical practice and influence structures, processes, and framework conditions of healthcare. The practical research-how Delphi studies are conducted-has seldom been discussed methodologically or documented systematically.

Machine learning and multi-omics in precision medicine for ME/CFS.

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex and multifaceted disorder that defies simplistic characterisation. Traditional approaches to diagnosing and treating ME/CFS have often fallen short due to the condition's heterogeneity and the lack of validated biomarkers. The growing field of precision medicine offers a promising approach which focuses on the genetic and molecular underpinnings of individual patients.

Exploring strategies to enhance patient safety in spine surgery: a review.

Patient safety is the foundation of spine surgery, where the intricate nature of spinal procedures and the unique risks involved call for exceptional diligence and comprehensive protocols. In this high-stakes field, developing and implementing rigorous safety protocols is not only vital for minimizing complications but also for achieving the best possible outcomes and strengthening the confidence patients have in their care team. Each patient entrusts their well-being to their surgical team.

Deciphering key nano-bio interface descriptors to predict nanoparticle-induced lung fibrosis.

Background: The advancement of nanotechnology underscores the imperative need for establishing in silico predictive models to assess safety, particularly in the context of chronic respiratory afflictions such as lung fibrosis, a pathogenic transformation that is irreversible. While the compilation of predictive descriptors is pivotal for in silico model development, key features specifically tailored for predicting lung fibrosis remain elusive. This study aimed to uncover the essential predictive descriptors governing nanoparticle-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Protective effects of Notoginsenoside R2 on reducing lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy through regulation of c-Src.

Background: The treatment options to delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN), a key contributor to chronic kidney disease (CKD), are urgently needed. Previous studies reported that traditional Chinese medicine Panax notoginseng (PNG) exerted beneficial effects on DN. However, the renoprotective effects of Notoginsenoside R2 (NR2), an active component of PNG, on DN have not been investigated.

Characterization of liver, adipose, and fecal microbiome in obese patients with MASLD: links with disease severity and metabolic dysfunction parameters.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses a range of histological findings from the generally benign simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (MASH) which can progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Several factors, including the microbiome, may contribute to disease progression.

Results: Here, we demonstrate links between the presence and abundance of specific bacteria in the adipose and liver tissues, inflammatory genes, immune cell responses, and disease severity.

SenPred: a single-cell RNA sequencing-based machine learning pipeline to classify deeply senescent dermal fibroblast cells for the detection of an in vivo senescent cell burden.

Background: Senescence classification is an acknowledged challenge within the field, as markers are cell-type and context dependent. Currently, multiple morphological and immunofluorescence markers are required. However, emerging scRNA-seq datasets have enabled an increased understanding of senescent cell heterogeneity.

Crosstalk between non-coding RNAs and programmed cell death in colorectal cancer: implications for targeted therapy.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Its progression is influenced by complex interactions involving genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been identified as key regulators of gene expression, affecting diverse biological processes, notably programmed cell death (PCD).

Eating disorders in minority ethnic populations in Australia, Canada, Aotearoa New Zealand and the UK: a scoping review.

Background: Historically, eating disorder (ED) research has largely focused on White girls and women, with minority ethnic populations underrepresented. Most research exploring EDs in minority ethnic populations has been conducted in the United States (US). The aim of this scoping review, the first of its kind, was to systematically examine research on disordered eating and EDs among minority ethnic populations in Australia, Canada, Aotearoa New Zealand and the United Kingdom (UK), four countries with shared sociocultural and healthcare characteristics.