Preclinical evaluation of polymer encapsulated carbon-based nano and microparticles for sentinel lymph node tattooing.

Selective sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNLB) is the standard method for detecting regional metastases in breast cancer patients. Identifying affected axillary lymph nodes before neoadjuvant treatment is crucial, as such treatment may alter drainage pathways and lymph node morphology, hindering the identification of sentinel lymph nodes. The use of carbon-based tattooing on sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) has been employed as a permanent tattooing method in clinical studies of Targeted Axillary Dissection (TAD), aiding in the SLN identification during surgery.

Multiple changes in connectivity between buccal ganglia mechanoafferents and motor neurons with different functions after learning that food is inedible in .

Changes caused by learning that a food is inedible in were examined for fast and slow synaptic connections from the buccal ganglia S1 cluster of mechanoafferents to five followers, in response to repeated stimulus trains. Learning affected only fast connections. For these, unique patterns of change were present in each follower, indicating that learning differentially affects the different branches of the mechanoafferents to their followers.

Repeated stimulation of feeding mechanoafferents in generates responses consistent with the release of food.

How does repeated stimulation of mechanoafferents affect feeding motor neurons? Monosynaptic connections from a mechanoafferent population in the buccal ganglia to five motor followers with different functions were examined during repeated stimulus trains. The mechanoafferents produced both fast and slow synaptic outputs, which could be excitatory or inhibitory. In contrast, other mechanoafferents produce only fast excitation on their followers.

Nanomedicine Targeting Cuproplasia in Cancer: Labile Copper Sequestration Using Polydopamine Particles Blocks Tumor Growth through Altering Metabolism and Redox Homeostasis.

Copper plays critical roles as a metal active site cofactor and metalloallosteric signal for enzymes involved in cell proliferation and metabolism, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs), classically applied for metal removal from water, as a therapeutic strategy for depleting intracellular labile copper pools in triple-negative breast cancer models through the metal-chelating groups present on the PDA surface. By using the activity-based sensing probe FCP-1, we could track the PDA-induced labile copper depletion while leaving total copper levels unchanged and link it to the selective MDA-MB-231 cell death.

Nanoparticle-Catalyzed Transamination under Tumor Microenvironment Conditions: A Novel Tool to Disrupt the Pool of Amino Acids and GSSG in Cancer Cells.

Catalytic cancer therapy targets cancer cells by exploiting the specific characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME). TME-based catalytic strategies rely on the use of molecules already present in the TME. Amino groups seem to be a suitable target, given the abundance of proteins and peptides in biological environments.

Heterogeneous-Driven Glutathione Oxidation: Defining the Catalytic Role of Chalcopyrite Nanoparticles.

Transition-metal nanocatalysis represents a novel alternative currently experiencing flourishing progress to tackle the tumor microenvironment (TME) in cancer therapy. These nanomaterials aim at attacking tumor cells using the intrinsic selectivity of inorganic catalysts. In addition, special attention to tune and control the release of these transition metals is also required.

Sulfoxaflor influences the biochemical and histological changes on honeybees (Apis mellifera L.).

Pesticide application can have an adverse effect on pollinator honey bees, Apis mellifera L., ranging from mortality to sublethal effects. Therefore, it is necessary to understand any potential effects of pesticides.

Optical Binding-Driven Micropatterning and Photosculpting with Silver Nanorods.

Controlling the nano- and micropatterning of metal structures is an important requirement for various technological applications in photonics and biosensing. This work presents a method for controllably creating silver micropatterns by laser-induced photosculpting. Photosculpting is driven by plasmonic interactions between pulsed laser radiation and silver nanorods (AgNRs) in aqueous suspension; this process leads to optical binding forces transporting the AgNRs in the surroundings, while electronic thermalization results in photooxidation, melting, and ripening of the AgNRs into well-defined 3D structures.

Global Status of Vegetable Soybean.

Vegetable soybean, popularly known as in Japan and in China is a specialty soybean. Green pods with physiologically mature beans are harvested, and whole pods or shelled beans are used as a fresh or frozen vegetable. Vegetable soybeans are prepared in diverse ways, and they are highly nutritious, with excellent taste properties.

Binding and removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cold smoked sausage and beef using probiotic strains.

The aim of this study is to bio-monitor the levels of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cold smoked beef and sausages. The ability of probiotics to remove PAHs was also investigated as function of the cell viability (viable, non-viable and acid-treated cells), bacterial counts (10, 10, and 10 CFU/mL), pH (3, 5, and 7), and incubation time (6, 12, and 24 h). The results indicated a significant difference (p < 0.

Platinum nanoplatforms: classic catalysts claiming a prominent role in cancer therapy.

Platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) have a well-established role as a classic heterogeneous catalyst. Also, Pt has traditionally been employed as a component of organometallic drug formulations for chemotherapy. However, a new role in cancer therapy is emerging thanks to its outstanding catalytic properties, enabling novel approaches that are surveyed in this review.

Association of saponin concentration, molecular markers, and biochemical factors with enhancing resistance to alfalfa seedling damping-off.

Fifteen alfalfa populations were tested for resistance to the seedling damping-off disease sourced by , , and . In a laboratory experiment, saponin treatment significantly diminished the mycelial growth of the causal fungi of alfalfa damping-off disease. Roots of the fifteen alfalfa populations varied in saponin and lignin content.

Glutathione-Triggered catalytic response of Copper-Iron mixed oxide Nanoparticles. Leveraging tumor microenvironment conditions for chemodynamic therapy.

Heterogeneous catalysis has emerged as a promising alternative for the development of new cancer therapies. In addition, regarding the tumor microenvironment as a reactor with very specific chemical features has provided a new perspective in the search for catalytic nanoarchitectures with specific action against chemical species playing a key role in tumor metabolism. One of these species is glutathione (GSH), whose depletion is the cornerstone of emerging strategies in oncology, since this metabolite plays a pivotal regulatory role as antioxidant agent, dampening the harmful effects of intracellular reactive oxidative species (ROS).

Defect Engineering in Solution-Processed Polycrystalline SnSe Leads to High Thermoelectric Performance.

SnSe has emerged as one of the most promising materials for thermoelectric energy conversion due to its extraordinary performance in its single-crystal form and its low-cost constituent elements. However, to achieve an economic impact, the polycrystalline counterpart needs to replicate the performance of the single crystal. Herein, we optimize the thermoelectric performance of polycrystalline SnSe produced by consolidating solution-processed and surface-engineered SnSe particles.

The effect of intratesticular dexpanthenol on experimentally-induced testicular ischaemia/reperfusion injury.

Introduction: Testis torsion is a urological emergency and a serious situation that may cause testis atrophy, testicular dysfunction and infertility due to ischaemia/reperfusion(I/R) injury even with early intervention.

Objective: To assess the protective effect of dexpanthenol administered intratesticular after detorsion against testis I/R injury.

Study Design: Twenty-seven rats were randomly divided into 3 groups containing 9 rats each.

The Role of Biomaterials in Upper Digestive Tract Transoral Reconstruction.

This study aims to establish whether the use of biomaterials, particularly polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), for surgical reconstruction of the esophagus with templates, Montgomery salivary tube, after radical oncology surgery for malignant neoplasia is an optimal choice for patients' safety and for optimal function preservation and organ rehabilitation. Structural analysis by Raman spectrometry and biomechanical properties with dynamic mechanical analysis are performed for fatigue strength and toughness, essential factors in durability of a prosthesis in the reconstruction practice of the esophagus. Nanocomposites with silicone elastomers and nanoparticles used in implantable devices and in reconstruction surgery present risks of infection and fatigue strength when required to perform a mechanical effort for long periods of time.

Effect of the Annealing Atmosphere on Crystal Phase and Thermoelectric Properties of Copper Sulfide.

CuS has become one of the most promising thermoelectric materials for application in the middle-high temperature range. Its advantages include the abundance, low cost, and safety of its elements and a high performance at relatively elevated temperatures. However, stability issues limit its operation current and temperature, thus calling for the optimization of the material performance in the middle temperature range.

Egg production, fertility, hatchability and immune responses of some chicken strains under high ambient temperatures.

This experiment was designed to investigate and compare the egg production, fertility, hatchability and immune responses of some local developed Egyptian chicken strains under high ambient temperatures. A total of 108 (26 weeks old) laying hens of Matrouh, Silver Montazah, Mandarah and Inshas (9 hens × 3 replicates × 4 strains) were used to evaluate the impact of thermal stress (24-34ºC) during summer season (June, July and August) on egg production, fertility, hatchability and immune responses. The obtained results revealed that final body weight (FBW/g) and body weight change (BWC/g) among different chicken strains were not affected.

Maximizing growth and productivity of onion (Allium cepa L.) by Spirulina platensis extract and nitrogen-fixing endophyte Pseudomonas stutzeri.

The study focuses on the impact of foliar spraying cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis extract and the inoculation with the endophyte N-fixing Pseudomonas stutzeri, and their mixture in the presence of different nitrogen doses on growth and yield of onion under field conditions. Bioactive compounds of Spirulina and Pseudomonas were analyzed by GC-MC and amino acid production of Spirulina by the amino acid analyzer. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), indole acetic acid (IAA), ammonia (NH), pectinase activity, and N-fixation of Pseudomonas were measured.