Gut microbiota and blood biomarkers in IBD-Related arthritis: insights from mendelian randomization.

With the ongoing rise in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), its extraintestinal manifestations have garnered significant attention. IBD-related arthritis is notable for its insidious onset and unpredictability, presenting considerable challenges for clinical diagnosis and management. Factors such as gut microbiota, plasma proteins, inflammatory proteins, and biomarkers found in blood and urine may be closely associated with IBD-related arthritis.

Multiomics analysis reveals the involvement of NET1 in tumour immune regulation and malignant progression.

Neuroepithelial cell transforming gene 1 (NET1) is a member of the Ras homologue family member A (RhoA) subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and a key protein involved in the activation of Rho guanosine triphosphatases, which act as regulators of cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and cell movement and are crucial for cancer spread. Research has shown that NET1 can regulate the malignant biological functions of tumour cells, such as growth, invasion, and metastasis, and it is closely related to the progression of pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, and liver cancer. However, the comprehensive role and mechanistic function of NET1 in other types of cancer remain largely unexplored.

Pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with immunotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aimed to systematically investigate the value of the pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in prognosticating the outcome of patients with advanced cancer receiving immunotherapy. We searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to identify studies about cancer patients with immunotherapy until November 29, 2024. Retrospective or prospective cohort studies with pretreatment NLR data were included.

Plasma fibronectin is a prognostic biomarker of disability in Parkinson's disease: a prospective, multicenter cohort study.

In a prospective longitudinal study with 218 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients in the discovery cohort and 84 in the validation cohort, we aimed to identify novel blood biomarkers predicting disability milestones in PD. Through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator-Cox (Lasso-Cox) regression, developed nomogram predictive model and Linear mixed-effects models, we identified low level of plasma fibronectin (pFN) as one of the best-performing risk markers in predicting disability milestones. A low level of pFN was associated with a short milestone-free survival period in PD.

Structural and electronic features enabling delocalized charge-carriers in CuSbSe.

Inorganic semiconductors based on heavy pnictogen cations (Sb and Bi) have gained significant attention as potential nontoxic and stable alternatives to lead-halide perovskites for solar cell applications. A limitation of these novel materials, which is being increasingly commonly found, is carrier localization, which substantially reduces mobilities and diffusion lengths. Herein, CuSbSe is investigated and discovered to have delocalized free carriers, as shown through optical pump terahertz probe spectroscopy and temperature-dependent mobility measurements.

Pt/IrO enables selective electrochemical C-H chlorination at high current.

Employing electrochemistry for the selective functionalization of liquid alkanes allows for sustainable and efficient production of high-value chemicals. However, the large potentials required for C(sp)-H bond functionalization and low water solubility of such alkanes make it challenging. Here we discover that a Pt/IrO electrocatalyst with optimized Cl binding energy enables selective generation of Cl free radicals for C-H chlorination of alkanes.

Collaborative activities in a biological dosimetry network for radiation emergencies in South Korea.

Purpose: Biological dosimetry is an essential analytic method to estimate the absorbed radiation dose in the human body by measuring changes in biomolecules after radiation exposure. Joint response in a network to mass-casualty radiation incidents is one way to overcome the limitations of biological dosimetry, sharing the workload among laboratories. This study aimed to investigate the current performance, collaborative activities and technical advances of the Korea biodosimetry network (K-BioDos), and suggest the future directions toward successful joint response.

Polymyositis in Kooiker dogs is associated with a 39 kb deletion upstream of the canine IL21/IL2 locus.

Recently we characterized polymyositis in the Dutch Kooiker dog. The familial occurrence of the disease were suggestive of an inherited cause. Here we report the results of our molecular genetic investigation.

Nanoparticle-Mediated Explosive Anti-PD-L1 Factory Built in Tumor for Advanced Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, has revolutionized oncology. However, it encounters challenges such as inadequate drug accumulation and limited efficacy against "cold" tumors characterized by lack of T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive microenvironments. Here, a controlled antibody production and releasing nanoparticle (CAPRN) is introduced, designed to augment ICB efficacy by facilitating tumor-targeted antibody production and inducing photodynamic cell death.

Opposing roles for Bmp signalling during the development of electrosensory lateral line organs.

The lateral line system enables fishes and aquatic-stage amphibians to detect local water movement via mechanosensory hair cells in neuromasts, and many species to detect weak electric fields via electroreceptors (modified hair cells) in ampullary organs. Both neuromasts and ampullary organs develop from lateral line placodes, but the molecular mechanisms underpinning ampullary organ formation are understudied relative to neuromasts. This is because the ancestral lineages of zebrafish (teleosts) and (frogs) independently lost electroreception.

Diminished attention network activity and heightened salience-default mode transitions in generalized anxiety disorder: Evidence from resting-state EEG microstate analysis.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry and physical symptoms such as difficulty concentrating and sleep disturbances. Although functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported aberrant network-level activity related to cognition and emotion in GAD, its low temporal resolution restricts its ability to capture the rapid neural activity in mental processes. EEG microstate analysis offers millisecond-resolution for tracking the dynamic changes in brain electrical activity, thereby illuminating the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the cognitive and emotional dysfunctions in GAD.

Factors associated with habitual drug use among adolescents: A secondary data analysis.

Purpose: Drug use during adolescence can have lasting health consequences, and understanding the factors that contribute to drug use is essential for effective prevention. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing habitual drug use among South Korean adolescents. It employed Bronfenbrenner's ecological model to examine personal, familial, school-related, and social factors.

Multiple Allergen Simultaneous Test for Food Allergens Cannot Screen Wheat-Dependent, Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis and α-Gal Syndrome.

Screening tests for specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) to food allergens, such as the multiple allergen simultaneous test (MAST), are widely used in patients with suspected food allergies in South Korea. We evaluated whether MAST could effectively screen wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) and α-gal syndrome (AGS). We retrospectively reviewed patients with WDEIA and AGS diagnosed with unequivocal history and positive sIgE results for omega-5 gliadin and α-gal using ImmunoCAP, respectively.

Experiences of Surgical Approach for Aortoduodenal Fistula Repairs in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the characteristics and outcomes of patients with an aortoduodenal fistula (ADF) who underwent surgical treatment at a single institution.

Materials And Methods: The data of patients diagnosed with ADF at the Yonsei University Gangnam Severance Hospital, South Korea, between 2019 and 2022 were included. Primary repair and segmental resection of the duodenum with duodeno-jejunostomy were the two main methods used to repair ADF.

Comparison of Patients Who Were Not Evaluated and Lost to Follow-Up with Multidrug/Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Korea.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of the not evaluated (NE) group by comparing it with the lost to follow-up (LTFU) group among patients with multidrug/rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB).

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective longitudinal follow-up study using an integrated database constructed by data linkage of the three national databases. This database included 7226 cases of MDR/RR-TB notified between 2011 and 2017 in South Korea.

Factors influencing preceptor nurses' clinical teaching behavior: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: This study identified significant factors affecting clinical teaching behavior among South Korean preceptor nurses.

Background: Preceptor nurses create a positive environment that helps new graduate nurses translate theoretical learning to clinical practice, facilitates their professional development, and increases their retention intention. However, few studies on preceptors' clinical teaching behavior, critical reflection competence, and clinical reasoning capabilities exist, and no studies have examined preceptor-preceptee work-ratios.

Child with epilepsy in school environment - The development of a conceptual model.

Objective: The aim of this qualitative study is to develop a conceptual model for the school life of the children with epilepsy based on grounded theory methodological framework.

Methodology: A total of 20 children with epilepsy participated in the semi-structured interviews. Inclusion criteria were age of 8-15 years, IQ higher than 70, duration of epilepsy of at least of two years and attendance of mainstream schools.

Molecular phylogeny, morphology, and ultrastructure of a Mesomycetozoea member, Sphaeroforma nootkatensis isolated from Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, on the Southern coast of Korea.

This study discovered the first Asian population of Sphaeroforma nootkatensis (SphX), a member of Mesomycetozoea, in the southern coastal region of South Korea. Although investigating parasites in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), a single-cell microorganism was isolated from gill tissues. Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of its 18S rDNA revealed its placement within the order Ichthyophonida, class Mesomycetozoea.

Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals for the Management of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Postmenopausal Women.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in women and risk of development is greatly increased following menopause. Menopause occurs over several years and is associated with hormonal changes, including a reduction in estradiol and an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone. This hormonal shift may result in an increased risk of developing abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, vascular dysfunction, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and metabolic syndrome (MetS).

-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles Mitigate Colitis in Mice via Inhibition of the NLRP3 Signaling Pathway and Modulation of the Gut Microbiota.

Background: Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) have received widespread attention in treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the role of -derived exosome-like nanoparticles (HELNs) in UC remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of HELNs in treating colitis in mice and investigate its potential mechanisms.