The effect of positive mental well-being on patient reported outcome (PRO): finding from a cross-sectional multi-disease study in China.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the potential impact of positive mental well-being on responses of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as EQ-5D-5L.

Methods: This study utilized the data collected in a cross-sectional study in a sample consisted of individuals with different health conditions. Spearman's rank correlations were employed to investigate the relationship between the responses to the dimensions of EQ-5D-5L and the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS).

Organic Circularly Polarized Room-Temperature Phosphorescence: Strategies, Applications and Challenges.

Organic circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) plays crucial roles in chemistry and biology for the potential in chiral recognition, asymmetric catalysis, 3D displays, and biological probes. The long-lived luminescence, large Stokes shift, and unique chiroptical properties make organic circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence (CPP) a new research hotspot in recent years. Nevertheless, achieving high-performance organic CPP is still challenging due to the sensitivity and complexity of integrating triplet excitons and polarization within organic materials.

Prospective prediction of childhood body mass index trajectories using multi-task Gaussian processes.

Background: Body mass index (BMI) trajectories have been used to assess the growth of children with respect to their peers, and to anticipate future obesity and disease risk. While retrospective BMI trajectories have been actively studied, models to prospectively predict continuous BMI trajectories have not been investigated.

Materials And Methods: Using longitudinal BMI measurements between birth and age 10 y from a mother-offspring cohort, we leveraged a multi-task Gaussian process approach to develop and evaluate a unified framework for modeling, clustering, and prospective prediction of BMI trajectories.

An Optimized Adaptation of DamID for NGS Applications.

Recent studies have implicated higher-order genome organization in the regulation of genes and cellular state. Lamina-Associated Domains (LADs) are regions of heterochromatin associated with the nuclear envelope and the nuclear lamina, a protein network involved in both nuclear organization and genome structure. LADs are developmentally regulated, and their dysregulation is associated with several diseases and pathological states, including cancer and premature aging.

Spatiotemporal control of subcellular O-GlcNAc signaling using Opto-OGT.

The post-translational modification of intracellular proteins through O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a conserved regulatory mechanism in multicellular organisms. Catalyzed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), this dynamic modification has an essential role in signal transduction, gene expression, organelle function and systemic physiology. Here, we present Opto-OGT, an optogenetic probe that allows for precise spatiotemporal control of OGT activity through light stimulation.

Mapping gaps and exploring impairment and disability prevalence in South Asian (SAARC) countries: a scoping review.

Despite the considerable health and economic burden of disability in the South Asian (SA) region, there is limited evidence of impairments and disabilities prevalence and the need for Assistive Technologies (ATs). This scoping review aims to synthesise the evidence of the impairments and disabilities in SA countries. This review followed Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework.

Single-point mutated lanmodulin as a high-performance MRI contrast agent for vascular and kidney imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents can enhance diagnostic precision but often face limitations such as short imaging windows, low tissue specificity, suboptimal contrast enhancement, or potential toxicity, which affect resolution and long-term monitoring. Here, we present a protein contrast agent based on lanmodulin, engineered with a single-point mutation at position 108 from N to D to yield maximum gadolinium binding sites. After loading with Gd ions, the resulting protein complex, LanND-Gd, exhibits efficient renal clearance, high relaxivity, and prolonged renal retention compared to commercial agents.

Multi-trait association analysis reveals shared genetic loci between Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular traits.

Several cardiovascular traits and diseases co-occur with Alzheimer's disease. We mapped their shared genetic architecture using multi-trait genome-wide association studies. Subsequent fine-mapping and colocalisation highlighted 16 genetic loci associated with both Alzheimer's and cardiovascular diseases.

The natural history of paediatric trigger thumbs. A prospective cohort study.

The aim of this study was to report the natural history of paediatric trigger thumbs, determining the rate and factors predictive of spontaneous resolution. A total of 62 patients presenting with 79 thumbs locked in flexion were observed for a mean of 4.2 years.

GeSe-embedded metal-oxide double heterojunctions for facilitating self-biased and efficient NIR photodetection.

Infrared radiation detection is significantly important in communication, imaging, and sensing fields. Here, we present the integration of germanium selenide (GeSe) with a metal-oxide heterojunction to achieve efficient near-infrared (850 nm) photodetection under zero bias conditions. Nickel oxide (NiO) and silicon (Si) formed a favorable energy band alignment for the efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers, resulting in a high figure of merits.

Water-resistant boronic ester vitrimer with hydrophobic side chain protection.

A boronic ester vitrimer with high hydrolytic stability afforded by fluorinated side-chain protection is reported, withstanding high moisture and underwater environments with no performance degradation, which can also be self-healed, reprocessed and recycled, presenting a significant step towards the design of more robust and eco-friendly circular materials.

Unidirectional Chiral Emission via Twisted Bi-layer Metasurfaces.

Controlling and channeling light emissions from unpolarized quantum dots into specific directions with chiral polarization remains a key challenge in modern photonics. Stacked metasurface designs offer a potential compact solution for chirality and directionality engineering. However, experimental observations of directional chiral radiation from resonant metasurfaces with quantum emitters remain obscure.

Promoting patient safety among nursing students: A mixed-method study on collaborative cross-cultural learning.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the feasibility of collaborative cross-cultural learning among university nursing students in Singapore and nursing students from Korea in developing insights on patient safety and understanding students' perspectives.

Background: Patient safety is an important part of nursing management to deliver quality care to patients. However, studies suggested that nursing students were not adhering to guidelines.

Hydrothermal-Induced Cationic Vacancies in NiAl Hydroxide for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Activities through Optimization of e* Band Broadening.

Nickel-based hydroxides [Ni(OH)] have attracted significant attention as effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts. In recent years, defect engineering has been extensively utilized in Ni(OH) modification research. Numerous studies have confirmed that the generation of defects can expose more active sites and regulate electronic states, particularly through the introduction of Al cationic vacancies, which enhance conductivity and thereby improve the catalytic performance.

Antibody Aggregation: A Problem Within the Biopharmaceutical Industry and Its Role in AL Amyloidosis Disease.

Due to the large size and rapid growth of the global therapeutic antibody market, there is major interest in understanding the aggregation of protein products as it can compromise efficacy, concentration, and safety. Various production and storage conditions have been identified as capable of inducing aggregation of polyclonal and monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies such as low pH, freezing, light exposure, lyophilisation and increased ionic strength. The addition of stabilising excipients to these therapeutics helps to combat the formation of aggregates with future aggregation inhibition mechanisms involving the introduction of point mutations and glycoengineering within aggregation prone regions (APRs).

Non-Hermitian Skin Effect in Many-Body Thermophotonics.

The tight-binding model, foundational in depicting electronic behaviors in solid-state physics, has recently contributed to the understanding of non-Hermitian skin effects in optics, acoustics, and mechanics. However, tight-binding model is primarily built upon scalar nearest couplings, which in turn does not fit to describe the vectorial long-range interactions inherently in thermophotonics. Here, we report a strategy involving many-body radiative interactions in a two-dimensional thermophotonic lattice, and further reveal two types of orthogonal non-Hermitian skin modes in a reciprocal system.

An Energy-Efficient Dynamic Feedback Image Signal Processor for Three-Dimensional Time-of-Flight Sensors.

With the recent prominence of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, various research outcomes and applications in the field of image recognition and processing utilizing AI have been continuously emerging. In particular, the domain of object recognition using 3D time-of-flight (ToF) sensors has been actively researched, often in conjunction with augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). However, for more precise analysis, high-quality images are required, necessitating significantly larger parameters and computations.

Evidence for widespread thermal acclimation of canopy photosynthesis.

Plants acclimate to temperature by adjusting their photosynthetic capacity over weeks to months. However, most evidence for photosynthetic acclimation derives from leaf-scale experiments. Here we address the scarcity of evidence for canopy-scale photosynthetic acclimation by examining the correlation between maximum photosynthetic rates (A) and growth temperature ( ) across a range of concurrent temperatures and canopy foliage quantity, using data from >200 eddy covariance sites.

Cross Peaks on Two-Dimensional Optical Spectra Arising from Quantum Cross-Correlation Functions.

Cross peaks on 2D optical spectra are indicative of interactions between molecular excitonic states. Currently, the two conventional assignments of cross peaks are direct coupling and population transfer between excitonic states. Here, we show that there is another possible source of cross peaks.

Ultrasound assessment of lymph nodes for staging of gynecological cancer: consensus opinion on terminology and examination technique.

The lymphatic pathway is an important route of metastasis in gynecological malignancy. Therefore, the examination of lymph nodes is an essential part of the ultrasound evaluation in patients with known or suspected gynecological malignancy. The lymph nodes most frequently involved in gynecological malignancy (apart from vulvar cancer) are parietal (retroperitoneal) and visceral abdominopelvic lymph nodes.

Real-Time Adaptive Inline Acidification Enhances Continuous pH Control for Viral Inactivation.

Existing low pH viral inactivation methods for continuous downstream processing of biologics typically rely on predictive models to estimate the necessary pH adjustments. However, these methods are of limited use during the process development stage due to the dynamic nature of capture chromatography, where batch variations can alter the eluted protein titer. This study introduces an inline viral inactivation system (IVIS) that utilizes real-time adaptive control and inline sensor readings to precisely regulate the pH manipulation for inline acidification and continuous viral inactivation.