Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infection and colonization in patients with severe burns: a retrospective cohort study in a single burn center.

Background: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infection and colonization have rarely been reported in patients with severe burns, who are prone to severe bacterial infections. This study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of CRE infection and colonization in patients with severe burns.

Methods: The characteristics of 106 episodes of CRE acquisition (infection or colonization) in 98 patients with severe burns were evaluated by a retrospective medical record review.

AiGPro: a multi-tasks model for profiling of GPCRs for agonist and antagonist.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play vital roles in various physiological processes, making them attractive drug discovery targets. Meanwhile, deep learning techniques have revolutionized drug discovery by facilitating efficient tools for expediting the identification and optimization of ligands. However, existing models for the GPCRs often focus on single-target or a small subset of GPCRs or employ binary classification, constraining their applicability for high throughput virtual screening.

Fully automated segmentation and classification of renal tumors on CT scans via machine learning.

Background: To develop and test the performance of a fully automated system for classifying renal tumor subtypes via deep machine learning for automated segmentation and classification.

Materials And Methods: The model was developed using computed tomography (CT) images of pathologically proven renal tumors collected from a prospective cohort at a medical center between March 2016 and December 2020. A total of 561 renal tumors were included: 233 clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), 82 papillary RCCs, 74 chromophobe RCCs, and 172 angiomyolipomas.

Identification of novel 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives as ELOC binders with potential to modulate CRL2 complex formation.

The VHL-containing cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL2) complex is an E3 ligase commonly used in targeted protein degradation (TPD). Hydroxyproline-based ligands that mimic VHL substrates have been developed as anchor molecules for proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) in TPD. To expand the chemical space for VHL ligands, we conducted fragment screening using VHL-ELOB-ELOC (VBC) proteins.

Signatures of longitudinal spin pumping in a magnetic phase transition.

A particle current generated by pumping in the absence of gradients in potential energy, density or temperature is associated with non-trivial dynamics. A representative example is charge pumping that is associated with the quantum Hall effect and the quantum anomalous Hall effect. Spin pumping, the spin equivalent of charge pumping, refers to the emission of a spin current by magnetization dynamics.

Non-fullerene acceptors with high crystallinity and photoluminescence quantum yield enable >20% efficiency organic solar cells.

The rational design of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with both high crystallinity and photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is of crucial importance for achieving high-efficiency and low-energy-loss organic solar cells (OSCs). However, increasing the crystallinity of an NFA tends to decrease its PLQY, which results in a high non-radiative energy loss in OSCs. Here we demonstrate that the crystallinity and PLQY of NFAs can be fine-tuned by asymmetrically adapting the branching position of alkyl chains on the thiophene unit of the L8-BO acceptor.

Inhibition of CD36 ameliorates mouse spinal cord injury by accelerating microglial lipophagy.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious trauma of the central nervous system (CNS). SCI induces a unique lipid-dense environment that results in the deposition of large amounts of lipid droplets (LDs). The presence of LDs has been shown to contribute to the progression of other diseases.

East Asian expatriate football players and national team success: Chinese, Japanese, and South Korean players in Europe (2000-2024).

This study investigated the influence of Chinese, Japanese, and South Korean football players' participation in European leagues on their national teams' FIFA rankings from 2000 to 2024. Utilizing data from 22,972 matches featuring 392 players across 36 European leagues and 12 tournaments or cup competitions, survival and conditional process analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between expatriate player counts, appearances, playing time, and FIFA rankings. The results demonstrated a significant correlation between the number of expatriate players, particularly in top-tier leagues, and national team rankings.

Diagnostic cholangioscopy for surgical planning of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

The recent clinical outcomes of multi-regimen chemotherapy included prolonged survival and a high rate of conversion to surgery in Asian patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. The ability of single-operator cholangioscopy (SOC) to detect and stage extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) in intraductal lesions is becoming more important in determining the extent of surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of SOC in surgical planning for extrahepatic CCC.

Time-resolved Brownian tomography of single nanocrystals in liquid during oxidative etching.

Colloidal nanocrystals inherently undergo structural changes during chemical reactions. The robust structure-property relationships, originating from their nanoscale dimensions, underscore the significance of comprehending the dynamic structural behavior of nanocrystals in reactive chemical media. Moreover, the complexity and heterogeneity inherent in their atomic structures require tracking of structural transitions in individual nanocrystals at three-dimensional (3D) atomic resolution.

Reliability of unicortical plate fixation for metacarpal shaft fractures: A preliminary clinical report with short-term follow-up.

Background: Unicortical plate fixation offers several theoretical advantages in the treatment of metacarpal shaft fractures compared to bicortical fixation. This approach avoids the potential hazard of excessive drilling into the volar cortex, thus minimizing damage to surrounding soft tissues and helping prevent complications related to improperly sized screws. These benefits prompted our team to conduct a preliminary clinical study to investigate the effectiveness and safety of this approach.

Optimal dose and type of exercise to improve motor symptoms in adults with Parkinson's disease: A network meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the dose-response relationship between different exercise types and the alleviation of motor symptoms in Parkinson's Disease patients.

Design: A systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted to compare the effects of 12 exercise types on motor symptoms in Parkinson's Disease patients using randomized controlled trials.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science until September 10, 2024.

Prognostic Value of Coronary Angiography-Derived Index of Microcirculatory Resistance in Patients With Intermediate Coronary Stenosis.

Background: The association between coronary microcirculation and clinical outcomes in patients with intermediate stenosis remains unclear.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance (angio-IMR) in patients with intermediate coronary stenosis.

Methods: This post hoc analysis included 1,658 patients from the FLAVOUR (Fractional Flow Reserve and Intravascular Ultrasound for Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Intermediate Stenosis) trial, with angio-IMR measured in each vessel exhibiting intermediate stenosis.

Facile preparation of iridium-based AIE polymer dots for sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunoassay of CD44 protein.

The development of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminophores is a fascinating and promising topic in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) bioanalysis. Herein, the AIE-active but water-insoluble [Ir(bt)₂(acac)] (bt = 2-phenylbenzothiazole, acac = acetylacetonate) was encapsulated within poly(styrene-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) using a simple nanoprecipitation method. This encapsulation strategy could effectively limit the free motion of Ir(bt)₂(acac) and trigger the aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL) effect.

Neurotoxic Effects and Cognitive Decline Induced by Aniline Blue Dye in an In-Vivo Zebrafish Model.

Aniline Blue is a synthetic dye extensively used in various industries, including textiles, plastics, and biological research due to its effective staining properties. However, its environmental and health impacts, particularly its neurotoxic effects, are poorly understood. While the dye has been associated with carcinogenicity and organ toxicity, the neurobehavioral consequences of Aniline Blue exposure remain underexplored.

Functional epitope mapping of cell surface glucose-regulated protein 94: A combinatorial approach for therapeutic targeting.

Glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) overexpression plays a critical role in tumor cell survival across various cancers. Previously, we developed K101.1, a fully human antibody targeting cell surface GRP94, which effectively inhibits tumor angiogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Development of multifunctional PAA-alginate-carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel-loaded fiber-reinforced biomimetic scaffolds for controlled release of curcumin.

Critical-sized bone defects in osteosarcoma treatment demand multifunctional scaffolds that must effectively integrate two key functions, promoting osteogenesis and delivering targeted chemoprevention. This study introduces a dual-component system featuring pH-responsive hydrogels and hydroxyapatite-based fiber-reinforced biomimetic scaffolds designed for controlled and localized curcumin delivery, while addressing its solubility and stability issues. The hydrogel system comprises a double network of polyacrylic acid, sodium alginate, carboxymethyl cellulose, and potato starch, specifically modified to encapsulate curcumin.

Synthesis and evaluation of KX-01 analogs with an exploration of linker attachment points for antibody-drug conjugates.

KX-01 (tirbanibulin, Klisyri®) is a recently FDA-approved drug for treating actinic keratosis, with a distinct dual mechanism of action combining microtubule disruption and non-ATP-competitive Src inhibition. This unique mechanism and novel chemotype highlight KX-01's potential as a payload for antibody-drug conjugates. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated KX-01 derivatives to enhance anticancer potency and explore functional groups suitable for antibody conjugation.

A randomised non-inferiority trial investigating antibiotic adjustments based on blood culture in acute cholangitis.

Objectives: This study evaluated the adequacy of using blood cultures alone for antibiotic therapy in mild-to-moderate acute cholangitis after adequate biliary drainage.

Methods: A prospective, multi-centre, non-inferiority, randomised trial was conducted from August 2015 to September 2023 across 12 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to groups.

Instrumented Facet Fusion in the Lumbosacral Spine: Long-Term Clinical and Radiographic Results.

Objective: Surgical treatments for degenerative lumbar spinal disorders involve decompression of neural structures and arthrodesis to address pain from unstable intervertebral segments. Lumbar instrumented facet fusion (IFF), a less invasive technique, has shown positive short-term outcomes, but reports on its long-term outcomes are scarce. This study aims to report its long-term biomechanical stability and clinical outcomes.

Carbon dioxide, global boiling, and climate carnage, from generation to assimilation, photocatalytic conversion to renewable fuels, and mechanism.

The increasing CO concentration in the atmosphere has substantial impacts on the global temperature. For energy sustainability and minimization of the effects of global warming, an approach to understand CO capturing and a carbon neutral culture is extremely essential in the present circumstances. The CO emission from vehicles and industries can be minimized using energy cost-effective techniques and can be converted more selectively into reusable fuels via thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical, photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, biological and inorganic carbonate-based approaches.

Environment-wide association study of five per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFASs) exposure pathways in Korean adolescents from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2018-2020).

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely used in consumer products and are easily encountered in daily life. PFASs that accumulate in the human body can negatively affect adolescent health. This study aimed to identify key exposure pathways that influence serum PFAS levels in Korean adolescents, using data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2018-2020) cycle 4.

Optimizing nano-sized oxygen bubble application for prolonged aerobic degradation of BTEX in contaminated groundwater.

This study investigates the use of nano-sized oxygen bubbles (NOBs) to enhance BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) biodegradation in groundwater. Optimized NOBs, averaging 155 nm and at a concentration of 6.59 × 10⁸ bubbles/mL, were found to provide sustained oxygen release with a half-life of approximately 50 days.

Is a vertical fracture fragment after indirect reduction acceptable in minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for acute mid-shaft clavicular fractures?

Purpose: Reduction and intraoperative maintenance of fracture fragments during minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) pose technical difficulties, particularly when the interposed fragment is angulated, prompting surgeons to attempt reduction due to concerns about nonunion or malunion. We aimed to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of MIPO for mid-shaft clavicular fractures based on the reduced status of the interposed fragments.

Method: Fifty-seven patients who underwent MIPO for acute mid-shaft Robinson type 2B clavicular fractures were divided into two groups based on the alignment of the interposed fracture fragment.