Design, Synthesis, and Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities of ()-5-Benzylidene-2-(naphthalen-1-ylamino)thiazol-4(5)-one Analogs: In Vitro and In Vivo Insights.

Fifteen compounds (-) constructed on a hybrid structure combining a β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl template and a 2-aminothiazol-4(5)-one scaffold were designed and synthesized as potential novel anti-tyrosinase substances. Two compounds ( and ) showed more potent inhibition against mushroom tyrosinase than kojic acid, and the inhibitory activity of (IC value: 1.60 μM) was 11 times stronger than that of kojic acid.

Continuous Production of Docetaxel-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Using a Coaxial Turbulent Jet Mixer with Heating System.

The continuous synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has been actively studied due to its great potential to produce NPs with reproducible and controllable physicochemical properties. Here, we achieved the high throughput production of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) using a coaxial turbulent jet mixer with an added heating system. This device, designed for the crossflow of precursor solution and non-solvent, combined with the heating system, efficiently dissolves solid lipids and surfactants.

Autophagy-Enhancing Properties of Extracts in HaCaT Keratinocytes: Potential as an Anti-Photoaging Cosmetic Ingredient.

The decline in autophagy disrupts homeostasis in skin cells, leading to oxidative stress, energy deficiency, and inflammation-all key contributors to skin photoaging. Consequently, activating autophagy has become a focal strategy for delaying skin photoaging. Natural plants are rich in functional molecules and widely used in the development of anti-photoaging cosmetics.

Fluid Resuscitation and Initial Management in Patients Presenting with Sepsis in the General Ward.

The optimal management of hospital-presenting sepsis remains poorly understood. We investigated the initial management in patients presenting with sepsis in the general ward, the association between fluid resuscitation and clinical outcomes, and the factors affecting fluid resuscitation. A retrospective study was conducted on patients who presented with sepsis-induced hypotension in the general ward.

Extract Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages Through Regulation of MAPK, NF-kB and PI3K/AKT Pathways, and Prevents Acute Lung Injury in Mice.

In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of the hot water extract of Endarachne binghamiae (EB-WE), a type of marine brown algae, was investigated in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and an acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model induced by intranasal LPS administration. Treatment with EB-WE significantly inhibited NO and pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-a and IL-6) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.

Pre- and Post-Procedural Considerations and Thread Types for Thread Lifting.

Facial thread lifting has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional face-lifting procedures, with particular emphasis on U-shaped and I-shaped barbed threads. This review analyzes the anatomical considerations, procedural techniques, and clinical outcomes of different thread types for facial rejuvenation. The study examines the mechanical principles and lifting mechanisms of U-shaped "suspension type" threads versus I-shaped threads, highlighting their distinct characteristics and applications.

The Effect of Sleep Disruption on Cardiometabolic Health.

Sleep disruption has emerged as a significant public health concern with profound implications for metabolic health. This review synthesizes current evidence demonstrating the intricate relationships between sleep disturbances and cardiometabolic dysfunction. Epidemiological studies have consistently demonstrated that insufficient sleep duration (<7 h) and poor sleep quality are associated with increased risks of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Experimental Validation of Antiobesogenic and Osteoprotective Efficacy of Ginsenoside CK via Targeting Lipid and Atherosclerosis Pathways.

The present study explored the possible antiobesogenic and osteoprotective properties of the gut metabolite ginsenoside CK to clarify its influence on lipid and atherosclerosis pathways, thereby validating previously published hypotheses. These hypotheses were validated by harvesting and cultivating 3T3-L1 and MC3T3-E1 in adipogenic and osteogenic media with varying concentrations of CK. We assessed the differentiation of adipocytes and osteoblasts in these cell lines by applying the most effective doses of CK that we initially selected.

Analysis of Clinically Symptomatic Patients to Differentiate Inflammatory Breast Cancer from Mastitis in Asian Women.

Purpose: To differentiate inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) from mastitis in Asian women presenting with symptoms of inflammation.

Methods: Between January 2012 and June 2024, 101 Asian women with symptoms of inflammation underwent breast ultrasound (US). Clinical and demographic data were extracted from patients' medical records.

Deformation Behavior of Inconel 625 Alloy with TPMS Structure.

Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs) are known for their smooth, fully interconnected, and naturally porous characteristics, offering a superior alternative to traditional porous structures. These structures often suffer from stress concentration and a lack of adjustability. Using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), we have fabricated Inconel 625 sheet-based TPMS lattice structures with four distinct topologies: Primitive, IWP, Diamond, and Gyroid.

Controlling the Dissolution Behavior of (Meth)acrylate-Based Photoresist Polymers in Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide by Introducing Adamantyl Groups.

(Meth)acrylate polymers are commonly used as photoresist materials in photolithography. However, these polymers encounter the problem of swelling during the development process. To address this, we explored the use of a hydrophobic group to control the solubility in the hydrophilic developer.

Growth of Oxide and Nitride Layers on Titanium Foil and Their Electrochemical Properties.

The surface of titanium foil can be modified by heating in the air, in a N flow, and in an NH flow. Upon heating in the air, the elemental Ti gradually transforms to TiO at 550 °C and to rutile TiO at above 700 °C. Treatment in a N flow leads similarly to TiO at 600 °C and TiO at 700 °C, although the overall reaction is slower.

Interlaminar Fracture Toughness Analysis for Reliability Improvement of Wind Turbine Blade Spar Elements Based on Pultruded Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Plate Manufacturing Method.

The key structural components of a wind turbine blade, such as the skin, spar cap, and shear web, are fabricated from fiber-reinforced composite materials. The spar, predominantly manufactured via resin infusion-a process of resin injection and curing in carbon fibers-is prone to initial defects, such as pores, wrinkles, and delamination. This study suggests employing the pultrusion technique for spar production to consistently obtain a uniform cross-section and augment the reliability of both the manufacturing process and the design.

Modeling and Simulation of Dynamic Recrystallization Microstructure Evolution for GCr15 Steel Using the Level Set Method.

The microstructure of metallic materials plays a crucial role in determining their performance. In order to accurately predict the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior and microstructural evolution during the hot deformation process of GCr15 bearing steel, a microstructural evolution model for the DRX process of GCr15 steel was established by combining the level set (LS) method with the Yoshie-Laasraoui-Jonas dislocation dynamics model. Firstly, hot compression tests were conducted on GCr15 steel using the Gleeble-1500D thermal simulator, and the hardening coefficient and dynamic recovery coefficient of the Yoshie-Laasraoui-Jonas model were derived from the experimental flow stress data.

Dispersion-Stable Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite for Water-Processed Organic Thermoelectrics.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have drawn great attention as promising candidates for realizing next-generation printed thermoelectrics (TEs). However, the dispersion instability and resulting poor printability of CNTs have been major issues for their practical processing and device applications. In this work, we investigated the TE characteristics of water-processable carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and single-walled CNT (SWCNT) composite.

Comparative Study on Hyperelastic Constitutive Models for the Static and Dynamic Behavior of Resilient Mounts.

Resilient mounts play a vital role in anti-vibration and shock-absorption systems, making precise estimation of their static and dynamic stiffness essential for ensuring optimal mechanical performance and effective design. This study investigates the behavior of resilient mounts by analyzing their static and dynamic stiffness characteristics through the application of various hyperelastic constitutive models. Seven hyperelastic models were reviewed and systematically compared using numerical simulations, experimental data, and analytical solutions.

Comparison of the Modified CTOD Measurement Method with the Double Clip Gauge Method in a Compact Tension Specimen.

For allowable defect analyses, the fracture toughness of materials needs to be accurately predicted. In this regard, a lower fluctuation of fracture toughness can lead to reduction in safety and economic risks. Crack tip opening displacement (CTOD), which is the representative parameter for fracture toughness, can be measured by various methods, such as the δ5, the J-conversion method, the single clip gauge method, and the double clip gauge method.

Stripe Noise Removal in Blazed Grating Generation for Electrically Tunable Beam Deflector.

In this paper, we demonstrate a blazed phase grating to achieve tunable beam steering and propose a novel algorithm to reduce the stripe noise in wrapped phase. To control the diffraction angle to steer light to the desired direction, an electrically tunable transmission-type beam deflector based on liquid crystals is introduced, and electric fields are applied to the patterned indium tin oxide electrodes to change its phase retardation. Two different 2π phase-wrapping methods are applied to obtain various diffraction angles within the minimum cell-gap, and the method of equal interval of phase achieves a worthwhile diffraction efficiency compared to the methods based on equal interval of diffraction angle.

Controlling Magnetization in Ferromagnetic Semiconductors by Current-Induced Spin-Orbit Torque.

In this paper, we review our work on the manipulation of magnetization in ferromagnetic semiconductors (FMSs) using electric-current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT). Our review focuses on FMS layers from the (Ga,Mn)As zinc-blende family grown by molecular beam epitaxy. We describe the processes used to obtain spin polarization of the current that is required to achieve SOT, and we briefly discuss methods of specimen preparation and of measuring the state of magnetization.

Evaluation of Permeability Recovery in Precast Concrete with Hybrid Capsules Using Constant-Head Permeability Test as Smart Construction Material.

This study investigates the quality characteristics and healing performance of precast concrete incorporating self-healing technology, with the aim of supporting smart city implementation. To enhance the self-healing capabilities of concrete, hybrid self-healing capsules, combining solid capsules and liquid capsules, were utilized, and their applicability and practicality were assessed. The findings revealed that incorporating hybrid self-healing capsules into precast concrete resulted in a reduction in slump by up to 14% and air content by up to 9%.

High-Mobility All-Transparent TFTs with Dual-Functional Amorphous IZTO for Channel and Transparent Conductive Electrodes.

The increasing demand for advanced transparent and flexible display technologies has led to significant research in thin-film transistors (TFTs) with high mobility, transparency, and mechanical robustness. In this study, we fabricated all-transparent TFTs (AT-TFTs) utilizing amorphous indium-zinc-tin-oxide (a-IZTO) as a dual-functional material for both the channel layer and transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs). The a-IZTO was deposited using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, with its composition adjusted for both channel and electrode functionality.

Bioconversion of Poultry Litter into Insect Meal and Organic Frasstilizer Using Black Soldier Fly Larvae as a Circular Economy Model for the Poultry Industry: A Review.

Poultry litter waste management poses a significant global challenge, attributed to its characteristics (odorous, organic, pathogenic, attracting flies). Conventional approaches to managing poultry litter involve composting, biogas generation, or direct field application. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in a novel technology that involves the bioconversion of organic waste utilizing insects (known as entomoremediation), particularly focusing on black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), and has demonstrated successful transformation of various organic waste materials into insect meal and frass (referred to as organic frasstilizer).

Hidden Partner of Immunity: Microbiome as an Innovative Companion in Immunotherapy.

Recent studies have highlighted that the microbiome is the essential factor that can modulate the clinical activity of immunotherapy. However, the role of the microbiome varies significantly across different immunotherapies, suggesting that it is critical to understand the precise function of the microbiome in each type of immunotherapy. While many previous studies primarily focus on summarizing the role of the microbiome in immune checkpoint inhibitors, we seek to explore a novel aspect of the microbiome in other immunotherapies such as mesenchymal stem cell therapy, chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, and antibodies-based therapy (e.

Establishment of iPSC-Derived MSCs Expressing hsa-miR-4662a-5p for Enhanced Immune Modulation in Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD).

The immune-modulatory effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are widely used to treat inflammatory disorders, with indoleamine 2,4-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) playing a pivotal role in suppressing stimulated T-cell proliferation. Taking that three-dimensional (3D) cultures enhance MSCs' anti-inflammatory properties compared with two-dimensional (2D) cultures, the differentially expressed miRNAs were examined. Thus, we identified hsa-miR-4662a-5p (miR-4662a) as a key inducer of IDO-1 via its suppression of bridging integrator-1 (BIN-1), a negative regulator of the IDO-1 gene.

Etoposide as a Key Therapeutic Agent in Lung Cancer: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Emerging Strategies.

Topoisomerase II inhibitors, particularly etoposide, have long been integral to the treatment of lung cancer, especially small cell lung cancer. This review comprehensively examines the mechanisms of action of etoposide, its clinical efficacy, and its role in current lung cancer treatment regimens. Etoposide exerts its anticancer effects by inducing DNA strand breaks through the inhibition of topoisomerase II, leading to cancer cell apoptosis.