Assessment of Bacteriological Quality and Antibiotic Resistance in Locally and Industrially Produced Ice Creams: A Study on Probiotic Incorporation for Enhanced Safety and Health Benefits in Kushtia City, Bangladesh.

Ice creams are consumable foods that have the potential to be used as probiotic carriers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bacteriological quality (i.e.

Biophysical and Structural Features of αβT-Cell Receptor Mechanosensing: A Paradigmatic Shift in Understanding T-Cell Activation.

αβT cells protect vertebrates against many diseases, optimizing surveillance using mechanical force to distinguish between pathophysiologic cellular alterations and normal self-constituents. The multi-subunit αβT-cell receptor (TCR) operates outside of thermal equilibrium, harvesting energy via physical forces generated by T-cell motility and actin-myosin machinery. When a peptide-bound major histocompatibility complex molecule (pMHC) on an antigen presenting cell is ligated, the αβTCR on the T cell leverages force to form a catch bond, prolonging bond lifetime, and enhancing antigen discrimination.

Amphoteric reactivity of iron(III)-hydroperoxo complex generated from proton- and salicylate-assisted dioxygen activation.

We report the synthesis and characterization of an iron(III)-hydroperoxo complex generated from salicylate-assisted dioxygen activation by a cation-liganded iron(II) complex. Spectroscopic and theoretical data revealed stabilization of the end-on hydroperoxo ligand, and mechanistic insights, including a "V-shaped" Hammett plot, were confirmed by conducting oxygen atom transfer and proton-coupled electron transfer reactions.

Impact of the probiotic on loperamide-induced delayed bowel movement in Sprague-Dawley rats.

This study investigated the effects of on alleviating loperamide-induced constipation. To evaluate the efficacy of in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, fecal parameters, the intestinal transit rate, and changes in intestinal mucosal cells were measured through histological analysis. Additionally, serotonin levels, water absorption, tight junction-related gene expression, and the cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content were analyzed.

Simultaneous Detection of Five Infectious Diseases in a Single Strip: Oligo dT-Utilized Lateral Flow Immunoassay.

The need for accurate and simultaneous diagnosis of multiple respiratory infectious diseases has become increasingly critical due to ongoing viral mutations and the similarity of symptoms among various viruses. Here, we have advanced our detection capabilities by developing a multiplex lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) platform that integrates oligonucleotides and antibodies, enabling the simultaneous detection of five respiratory viruses: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Influenza A (FluA), Influenza B (FluB), Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and Adenovirus (ADV), on a single membrane. By applying the oligonucleotide and antibody-conjugated AuNPs, the platform enables highly sensitive and specific detection.

A sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy studies on buried liquid/liquid interfaces of CCl4/[Cnmim][TFSA] (n = 4 and 8) hydrophobic ionic liquids.

The liquid/liquid interfaces of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) play a pivotal role in chemical reactions owing to their characteristic microscopic structure, yet the structure of hydrophobic liquid/RTIL interfaces remains unclear. We studied the structure at the liquid/liquid interfaces of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide ([Cnmim][TFSA]; n = 4 and 8) RTILs using infrared-visible sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. A comparison of the SFG spectra of the CCl4/RTIL and air/RTIL interfaces revealed that the solvation of the alkyl chains of the [Cnmim]+ cations by CCl4 reduces the number of gauche defects in the alkyl chain and the interface number density of the cation at the CCl4 interface.

Two-dimensional porous porphyrin materials composed of robust tin(IV)-porphyrin linkages for photocatalytic wastewater remediation.

Porphyrin-based two-dimensional porous materials (SnP-H2TCPP, SnP-ZnTCPP) composed of robust Sn(IV)-porphyrin linkages have been synthesized by reacting -dihydroxo[5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato]tin(IV) (SnP) with [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin] (HTCPP) and [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrinato]zinc(II) (ZnTCPP), respectively. The strength of the interaction between the carboxylic acid group of the monomeric porphyrins (HTCPP and ZnTCPP) and the axial hydroxyl moiety of SnP enables the construction of highly stable framework materials, which were characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis, and emmission spectroscopy, powder XRD, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). SnP-H2TCPP and SnP-ZnTCPP absorb visible light strongly over a wide range, demonstrating weak perturbation in the electronic ground state structures of the π-conjugated aromatic moieties compared to the starting monomeric units.

Evaluation of the Mechanical and Biological Properties of Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Produced by a Material Extrusion 3D Printer or 3D Pen: A Novel Bone Repair Strategy.

Addressing the high cost and long cycle associated with the multistep digital restoration process involving 3D printing technology, we proposed the 3D pen as an innovative strategy for rapid bone repair. Capitalizing on the low melting point characteristic of polycaprolactone (PCL), we introduced, for the first time, the novel concept of directly constructing scaffolds at bone defect sites using 3D pens. In this in vitro study, we meticulously evaluated both the mechanical and biological properties of 3D pen-printed PCL scaffolds with six distinct textures: unidirectional (UNI) (0°, 45°, 90°), bidirectional (BID) (-45°/45°, 0°/90°), and concentric (CON).

Engineering CAR-T Therapeutics for Enhanced Solid Tumor Targeting.

Cancer immunotherapy, specifically Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, represents a significant breakthrough in treating cancers. Despite its success in hematological cancers, CAR-T exhibits limited efficacy in solid tumors, which account for more than 90% of all cancers. Solid tumors commonly present unique challenges, including antigen heterogeneity and complex tumor microenvironment (TME).

Nanoparticle-Mediated Explosive Anti-PD-L1 Factory Built in Tumor for Advanced Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, has revolutionized oncology. However, it encounters challenges such as inadequate drug accumulation and limited efficacy against "cold" tumors characterized by lack of T cell infiltration and immunosuppressive microenvironments. Here, a controlled antibody production and releasing nanoparticle (CAPRN) is introduced, designed to augment ICB efficacy by facilitating tumor-targeted antibody production and inducing photodynamic cell death.

Exfoliation of triazole-based CN, CN, and CN nanosheets for efficient photocatalytic ammonia production.

Atomically thin two-dimensional nanosheets of nitrogen-rich CN, CN, and CN are synthesized by sonochemical process. Despite their high nitrogen content, their triazole-based crystal structures remain intact after exfoliation. Among the present materials, the nitrogen-richest CN nanosheets display the highest photocatalytic activity for ammonia production, highlighting the synergetic effect of composition control and exfoliation.

Correction: (Thio)chromenone derivatives exhibit anti-metastatic effects through selective inhibition of uPAR in cancer cell lines: discovery of an uPAR-targeting fluorescent probe.

Correction for '(Thio)chromenone derivatives exhibit anti-metastatic effects through selective inhibition of uPAR in cancer cell lines: discovery of an uPAR-targeting fluorescent probe' by So-Young Chun , , 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CC05907G.

Poststroke Ipsilesional Motor Performance: Microstructural Biomarkers and Their Associations With Executive Function.

Background: Unilateral hemispheric stroke can impair the ipsilesional motor performance, which is crucial for attaining optimal functional outcomes poststroke. However, the specific brain structures contributing to ipsilesional motor performance impairment remain unclear.

Objective: To explore the link between ipsilesional motor performance and the microstructural integrity of relevant neural pathways.

Arm slot angles affect elbow and shoulder joint torque in elite college pitchers.

The arm slot (AS) angle reflects the pitching style of baseball pitchers. Baseball pitchers at different levels exhibit different AS angle distributions and different pitching mechanics. The present study divided 66 elite baseball pitchers from the Open Biomechanics database into 3 groups based on AS angles: ASMi, ASMo, ASMa.

Nanoparticle superlattice with a C14 Frank-Kasper structure formed by highly monodisperse one-size gold nanoparticles in suspension.

Synthesizing nanoparticle superlattices (NPSLs) with different symmetries is of great interest due to their impact on the collective emergent properties and potential applications. While several parameters have been identified as determinants for forming different symmetries of NPSLs, the high core dispersity, softness, and ligand interpenetration were proposed to drive the formation of the C14 Frank-Kasper (C14) structure like MgZn-type. Here, we report that the C14 phase can be formed in highly monodisperse one-size spherical nanoparticles (NPs) by controlling the interplay among their softness and ligand grafting density.

Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase transforms carotid occlusion-mediated benign oligemia into large cerebral infarction.

It remains unclear why unilateral proximal carotid artery occlusion (UCAO) causes benign oligemia in mice, yet leads to various outcomes (asymptomatic-to-death) in humans. We hypothesized that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) both transforms UCAO-mediated oligemia into full infarction and expands pre-existing infarction. Using 900 mice, we i) investigated stroke-related effects of UCAO with/without intraperitoneal administration of the NOS inhibitor (NOSi) N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 400 mg/kg); ii) examined the rescue effect of the NO-donor, molsidomine (200 mg/kg at 30 minutes); and iii) tested the impact of antiplatelet medications.

Targeted demethylation of cathepsin D via epigenome editing rescues pathology in Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Cathepsin D (Ctsd) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its role in degrading intracellular amyloid beta (Aβ). Enhancing Ctsd activity could reduce Aβ42 accumulation and restore the Aβ42/40 ratio, offering a potential AD treatment strategy. This study explored Ctsd demethylation in AD mouse models using dCas9-Tet1-mediated epigenome editing.

Myeloid-specific deletion of autotaxin inhibits rheumatoid arthritis and osteoclastogenesis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint swelling, pain, and bone remodeling. We previously reported that autotaxin (ATX) deficiency disrupts lipid rafts in macrophages. Lipid raft disruption results in the dysregulation of RANK signaling, which is crucial for osteoclastogenesis and the pathogenesis of RA.

Hybrid Model with Wavelet Decomposition and EfficientNet for Accurate Skin Cancer Classification.

Faced with anomalies in medical images, Deep learning is facing major challenges in detecting, diagnosing, and classifying the various pathologies that can be treated via medical imaging. The main challenges encountered are mainly due to the imbalance and variability of the data, as well as its complexity. The detection and classification of skin diseases is one such challenge that researchers are trying to overcome, as these anomalies present great variability in terms of appearance, texture, color, and localization, which sometimes makes them difficult to identify accurately and quickly, particularly by doctors, or by the various Deep Learning techniques on offer.

Preliminary report: Protective effects of probiotics on cefovecin-induced gut dysbiosis in dogs.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether supplementation with probiotics over a 2-week period stabilizes the gut microbiota in dogs following prolonged cefovecin treatment. A significant number of clinical veterinarians prescribe oral probiotics to dogs in conjunction with systemic antibiotics with the intention of protecting against gut dysbiosis. The effects of antibiotics and probiotics in dogs have not been extensively studied, however, and the optimal treatment for gut dysbiosis remains uncertain.

Survey on Treatment-Seeking Patterns in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis.

Background And Objectives: The medications preferred by patients for allergic rhinitis and their usage remain unclear. This study investigated treatment-seeking behaviors in patients with allergic rhinitis, including medical treatments, environmental controls, and surgical treatments.

Methods: In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted by internal medicine, pediatric, or otorhinolaryngology physicians at university hospitals from January 2022 to April 2022.

Human Nasal Turbinate-Derived Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells present in adult tissues that are recognized as promising candidates for cell therapy due to their ease of access, straightforward isolation, and capacity for bio-preservation with minimal loss of potency. However, the clinical application of MSCs faces significant challenges, such as donor site morbidity, underscoring the need for alternative sources. Recent studies have suggested that inferior turbinate tissues, which are commonly removed during turbinate surgery, may be a viable donor site for MSCs.

A Rare Presentation of IgG4-Related Sinusitis With Chronic Nasal Obstruction and Headache: A Case Report and Literature Review.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic inflammatory condition characterized by tissue infiltration with IgG4-positive plasma cells and a tendency to form mass-like lesions in various organs. IgG4-related sinusitis, although a relatively rare manifestation of IgG4-RD, significantly impacts the paranasal sinuses. A 52-year-old man presented with persistent rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, and headaches.